Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

The Politics of Effective Foreign Aid

Bibliographic Data

ID6232680
AuthorsJoseph Wright (0000-0003-4429-9035, Department of Political Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802), Matthew S Winters (0000-0002-3693-9461, Pennsylvania State University), Matthew Winter (0000-0001-6192-9874), Matthew Winters (Department of Political Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820)
Year2010
Volume13
Issue1
Pages61-80
Publication date2010-05-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAnnual Review of Political Science (BOOK_SERIES)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1094-2939 • E-ISSN: 1545-1577
PublisherAnnual Reviews (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1146/annurev.polisci.032708.143524
OpenAlexW2103300353
LanguageEN
Citations received92
References cited114

There is little consensus on whether foreign aid can reliably increase economic growth in recipient countries. We review the literature on aid allocation and provide new evidence suggesting that since 1990 aid donors reward political contestation but not political inclusiveness. Then we examine some challenges in analyzing cross-national data on the aid/growth relationship. Finally, we discuss the causal mechanisms through which foreign aid might affect growth and argue that politics can be viewed as both (a) an exogenous constraint that conditions the causal process linking aid to growth and (b) an endogenous factor that is affected by foreign aid and in turn impacts economic growth

Aid effectiveness · Constraint (computer-aided design · Developing country · Development aid · Development economics · Economic growth · Economics · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Process (computing · Public economics · Computer Science · Economic Growth and Development · International Development and Aid · Law · Religion, Society, and Development

  • Governing Security after War

    Louis-Alexandre Berg•Governing Security after War•2022

  • Making Medicines in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda in the Aids Era

    Nitsan Chorev•Sociology of Development•2019

  • Norms or interests? Explaining EU aid allocation to Asean through strategic, normative, and economic lenses

    Open Access•Márton Gosztonyi•Asia Europe Journal•2026

  • Does foreign aid stimulate economic growth in developing countries? Further evidence in both aggregate and disaggregated samples

    Open Access•Arif Khan, Yi Feng•Quality & Quantity•2022

  • Evaluating explanations for poverty selectivity in foreign aid

    Open Access•Tobias Heinrich, Yoshiharu Kobayashi•Kyklos•2022

  • Mechanisms of the ‘Aid Curse’

    Monica Prasad, Andre Nickow•The Journal of Development Studies•2016

  • Aid, the Real Exchange Rate and Why Policy Matters

    Open Access•Tony Addison, Mina Baliamoune‐Lutz et al.•The Journal of Development Studies•2017

  • Reconstructive surgery outreach to low- and middle-income countries

    Open Access•Albert H Chao, Jacqueline R Mcallister•Journal of Global Health•2022

  • The Political Economy of Receiving Aid

    Open Access•Haley J Swedlund, Zunera Rana•Journal of International…•2026

  • Aid to Africa’s agriculture towards building physical capital

    Open Access•Elizabeth Asiedu, Edward Asiedu et al.•World Development Perspectives•2020

  • Assessing the impact of international conservation aid on deforestation in sub-Saharan Africa

    Open Access•Matthew Bare, Craig M Kauffman et al.•Environmental Research Letters•2015

  • Measuring and explaining the willingness to pay for forest conservation

    Open Access•Zorzeta Bakaki, Thomas Bernauer•Environmental Research Letters•2016

  • Food aid and violent conflict

    Open Access•Maximilian Koppenberg, Ashok K Mishra et al.•Food Policy•2023

  • Do Countries Use Foreign Aid to Buy Geopolitical Influence? Evidence from Donor Campaigns for Temporary UN Security Council Seats

    Open Access•Bernhard Reinsberg•Politics and Governance•2019

  • Does repression work

    Victor Asal, Joseph M Brown•Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict•2020

  • US Military Deployments and the Risk of Coup d’État

    Open Access•Michael A Allen, Thomas Campbell et al.•Foreign Policy Analysis•2022

  • Political Settlement and China’s Overseas Operation

    Open Access•Ruixing Cao, Nele Noesselt•Foreign Policy Analysis•2024

  • American Diplomacy and Export-Oriented Industrialization on Taiwan

    Open Access•James Lee•Journal of East Asian Studies•2020

  • Backing Despots? Foreign Aid and the Survival of Autocratic Regimes

    Camilo Nieto-Matiz, Luis Schenoni•Democracy and Security•2018

  • Aid grants versus technical cooperation grants

    Open Access•Simplice Anutechia Asongu, Hillary Chijindu Ezeaku•Journal of Public Affairs•2020

  • Buying the best favor

    Kazuto Ohtsuki•International Relations of the…•2015

  • Who shapes the environmental policy in the global south? Unpacking the reality of Nepal

    Open Access•Kishor Aryal, Hari Krishna Laudari et al.•Environmental Science & Policy•2021

  • Aid for taxation and representation? The effect of foreign tax assistance on democracy in the Global South

    Open Access•Ida Bastiaens, Laura Seelkopf•Journal of International…•2024

  • Paradiplomacy as nation-building

    Open Access•Sebastian Dellepiane-Avellaneda, Sebastian Dellepiane et al.•The British Journal of Politics…•2023

  • A dynamic modelling of the regional and international political economy of US aid to Pakistan

    Open Access•Syed Ali Abbas, Shabib Haider Syed et al.•Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy•2024

  • Can foreign aid donors credibly threaten to suspend aid? Evidence from a cross-national survey of donor officials

    Open Access•Haley J Swedlund•Review of International Political…•2017

  • European Aid and Governance

    Open Access•Ramin Dadašov•European Journal of Development…•2016

  • Does Norwegian Aid Reward Equitable Access to Health in Recipient States? Assessing a ‘Moral Superpower’s’ Aid to Pro-Poor Development, 1990–2019

    Open Access•Indra De Soysa, Krishna Chaitanya Vadlamannati et al.•Forum for Development Studies•2024

  • Governance in the Aftermath of NeoLiberalism

    Benedicte Bull•Forum for Development Studies•2016

  • Of terrorism and revenue

    Open Access•Andrew Boutton•Conflict Management and Peace…•2016

  • Mass protests and the resource curse

    Open Access•Desha M Girod, Megan A Stewart et al.•Conflict Management and Peace…•2016

  • Reducing postconflict coup risk

    Open Access•Desha M Girod•Conflict Management and Peace…•2014

  • Did Aid Promote Democracy in Africa? The Role of Technical Assistance in Africa’s Transitions

    Open Access•Clark C Gibson, Barak Hoffman et al.•World Development•2015

  • Revenue Substitution? How Foreign Aid Inflows Moderate the Effect of Bilateral Trade Pressures on Labor Rights

    Open Access•Sijeong Lim, Layna Mosley et al.•World Development•2014

  • Barriers to Political Analysis in Aid Bureaucracies

    Open Access•Pablo Yanguas, David Hulme•World Development•2015

  • Aiding and Abetting

    Open Access•Ryan C Briggs•World Development•2014

  • More Dollars than Sense

    Open Access•Michael J Tierney, Daniel L Nielson et al.•World Development•2011

  • Looking for advice

    Open Access•Elena V Mclean•World Development•2022

  • Coups d’État and Foreign Aid

    Open Access•Takaaki Masaki•World Development•2015

  • Explaining Global Patterns of International Aid for Linked Biodiversity Conservation and Development

    Open Access•D C Miller•World Development•2014

  • Foreign Aid Responses to Political Liberalization

    Open Access•Bernhard Reinsberg•World Development•2014

  • When aid builds states

    Louis-Alexandre Berg, Naomi Levy•International Interactions•2020

  • The Influence of Aid Changes on African Election Outcomes

    Ryan C Briggs•International Interactions•2015

  • Refugees, Economic Capacity, and Host State Repression

    Thorin M Wright, Shweta Moorthy•International Interactions•2016

  • Reconsidering the Effect of Political Regime Type on Foreign Aid Effectiveness

    David H Bearce•International Interactions•2013

  • Colonial Legacy and Foreign Aid

    Daina Chiba, Tobias Heinrich•International Interactions•2019

  • Does foreign aid harm political institutions

    Open Access•Sam Jones, Finn Tarp•Journal of Development Economics•2015

  • US foreign aid and economic policy concessions

    Taehee Whang, Youngwan Kim et al.•Policy Studies•2019

  • Aid without roots

    Katarzyna Walecka•Policy Studies•2026

  • Deadly Politics

    Open Access•Stephen A Meserve•Studies in Comparative…•2017

  • Rethinking Foreign Aid and Legitimacy

    Open Access•Lindsay R Dolan•Studies in Comparative…•2020

  • Does Foreign Aid Undermine Political Responsiveness? Evidence from Kenya

    Open Access•Dongil Lee•Studies in Comparative…•2025

  • The economic effects of winning coalition size on the aid‐growth nexus

    Open Access•Yunhee Choi, Uk Heo•Social Science Quarterly•2024

  • International Financial Institutions and the Promotion of Autocratic Resilience

    Open Access•Christina Cottiero, Christina J Schneider•International Organization•2026

  • Foreign Aid, Winning Coalitions, and Economic Growth

    Yunhee Choi•Asian Survey•2023

  • Development Politics and the Cold War

    David C Engerman•Diplomatic History•2016

  • The Impact of China’s “Stadium Diplomacy” on Local Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

    Open Access•Valentin Lindlacher, Gustav Pirich•World Development•2024

  • Ties That Bind

    Open Access•Paula Ganga•Studies in Comparative…•2024

  • Chinese foreign aid and the erosion of media freedom

    Open Access•Wen-Cheng Lin, Ding-Yi Lai et al.•International Relations of the…•2025

  • Choosing to Target

    Open Access•Matthew S Winters•World Politics•2010

  • Aid for Vote? United Nations General Assembly Voting and American Aid Allocation

    Open Access•Byungwon Woo, Eunbin Chung•Political Studies•2018

  • Foreign aid, FDI and the personalization of power in autocracies

    Open Access•Bernat Puertas, Abel Escribà‐folch•Political Science Research and…•2025

  • Trust in government and American public opinion toward foreign aid

    Open Access•David Macdonald•Political Science Research and…•2025

  • The Uses and Abuses of Foreign Aid

    Open Access•Daniel Yuichi Kono, Gabriella R Montinola•Political Research Quarterly•2013

  • Fair-Weather Allies? Terrorism and the Allocation of US Foreign Aid

    Open Access•Andrew Boutton, D Bruce Carter et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2014

  • Responding to Catastrophe

    Open Access•Robert Muir Wood, Reed M Wood et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2016

  • Foreign Aid as a Counterterrorism Tool

    Open Access•Burcu Savun, Daniel C Tirone•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2018

  • Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 17? An Empirical Investigation of the Effectiveness of Aid Given to Boost Developing Countries’ Tax Revenue and Capacity

    Open Access•Laura Seelkopf, Ida Bastiaens•International Studies Quarterly•2020

  • Aid Modalities Matter

    Kassandra Birchler, Sophia Limpach et al.•International Studies Quarterly•2016

  • Why Governments Have Their Troops Trained Abroad

    Open Access•Adam Scharpf•International Studies Quarterly•2020

  • Ignoring the Messenger? Limits of Populist Rhetoric on Public Support for Foreign Development Aid

    Open Access•A Burcu Bayram, Catarina P Thomson•International Studies Quarterly•2022

  • Tertiarization, Industrial Adjustment, and the Domestic Politics of Foreign Aid1

    Open Access•Johannes Kleibl•International Studies Quarterly•2013

  • Informally Governing International Development

    Open Access•Ben Cormier, Mirko Heinzel et al.•International Studies Quarterly•2024

  • Democracy and Multilateralism

    Open Access•D Bruce Carter, David B Carter et al.•International Organization•2015

  • Take the Money and Run

    Open Access•Desha M Girod, Jennifer Tobin et al.•International Organization•2016

  • Who Controls Foreign Aid? Elite versus Public Perceptions of Donor Influence in Aid-Dependent Uganda

    Open Access•Michael G Findley, A S Harris et al.•International Organization•2017

  • Democracy promotion and electoral quality

    Open Access•Carie A Steele, Daniel Pemstein et al.•Governance•2021

  • Does EU funding improve local state capacity? Evidence from Polish municipalities

    Open Access•Paweł Charasz, Jan P Vogler•European Union Politics•2021

  • On the effectiveness of democracy aid in post-civil war recipient countries

    Leonie Reicheneder, Michael Neureiter•Democratization•2024

  • Is Bigger Always Better? How Targeting Aid Windfalls Affects Capture and Social Cohesion

    Open Access•Laura Paler, Camille Strauss-Kahn et al.•Comparative Political Studies•2020

  • Domestic Capacity and the Implementation Gap in Regional Trade Agreements

    Open Access•Julia Gray•Comparative Political Studies•2014

  • State Capacity and the Environmental Investment Gap in Authoritarian States

    Open Access•Hugh Ward, Xun Cao et al.•Comparative Political Studies•2014

  • Improving Governance from the Outside In

    Stephen D Krasner, Jeremy M Weinstein•Annual Review of Political Science•2014

  • How International Actors Help Enforce Domestic Deals

    Open Access•Aila M Matanock•Annual Review of Political Science•2020

  • Effective Foreign Aid Following Civil War

    Open Access•Desha M Girod•American Journal of Political…•2012

  • How Does International Intervention Work to Secure Peace Settlements After Civil Conflicts

    Open Access•Aila M Matanock, Adam G Lichtenheld•British Journal of Political…•2022

  • Foreign Aided

    Open Access•Jacob Gerner Hariri•British Journal of Political…•2015

  • The British Academy Brian Barry Prize Essay

    Open Access•William R Clark, Matt Golder et al.•British Journal of Political…•2017

  • The Donor’s Dilemma

    Open Access•Niheer Dasandi, Lior Erez•British Journal of Political…•2019

  • EU Development Aid towards Sub-Saharan Africa

    Open Access•Georgios Bountagkidis, Konstantinos C Fragkos et al.•Social Sciences•2015

  • Cash transfers' effect on government support

    Open Access•Victor Rios, Viridiana Rios et al.•Disasters•2020

  • Aid as a Tool against Insurgency

    Open Access•Randall Sexton, Renard Sexton•American Political Science Review•2016

  • Polyarchy

    Robert Alan Dahl•Polyarchy•1973

  • Aid, Policies, and Growth

    Craig Burnside, David Dollar•2004

  • African Economies and the Politics of Permanent Crisis, 1979–1999

    Open Access•Nicolas Van De Walle•African Economies and the…•2001

  • Lending Credibility

    Randall W Stone•Lending Credibility•2002

  • The Pattern of Aid Giving

    E Neumayer•Pattern of Aid Giving•2003

  • The IMF and Economic Development

    Open Access•James Raymond Vreeland•IMF and Economic Development•2003

  • Aid, Policies, and Growth

    William Easterly, Robert Levine et al.•American Economic Review•2004

  • A Panel Data Analysis of the Fungibility of Foreign Aid

    Tarhan Feyzioglu, Vinaya Swaroop et al.•The World Bank Economic Review•1998

  • Do Corrupt Governments Receive Less Foreign Aid?

    Alberto Alesina, Beatrice Weder•American Economic Review•2002

  • Civil Liberties, Democracy, and the Performance of Government Projects

    Jonathan Isham, Daniel Kaufmann et al.•The World Bank Economic Review•1997

  • The curse of aid

    Open Access•Simeon Djankov, José García Montalvo et al.•Journal of Economic Growth•2008

  • Politics and the effectiveness of foreign aid

    Open Access•Peter Boone•European Economic Review•1996

  • Aid, Growth and Democracy

    Open Access•J Svensson•Economics and Politics•1999

  • The Anarchy of Numbers

    David Roodman•The World Bank Economic Review•2007

  • The Lost Decades

    Open Access•William Easterly•Journal of Economic Growth•2001

  • Does Aid for Education Educate Children? Evidence from Panel Data

    Axel Dreher, Peter Nunnenkamp et al.•The World Bank Economic Review•2008

  • Ending Africa's Poverty Trap

    Jeff Sachs, Jeffrey Sachs et al.•Brookings Papers on Economic…•2004

  • Unintended Consequences

    Open Access•Paul Collier, Anke Hoeffler•Oxford Bulletin of Economics and…•2007

  • AID, Policy and Peace

    Paul Collier, Anke Hoeffler•Defence and Peace Economics•2002

  • Financing of global health

    Open Access•Nirmala Ravishankar, Paul Gubbins et al.•The Lancet•2009

  • Electoral Rules and Corruption

    Open Access•Torsten Persson, Guido Tabellini et al.•Journal of the European Economic…•2003

  • Aid, Policies, and Growth

    Craig Burnside, David Dollar•American Economic Review•2000

  • Who Gives Foreign Aid to Whom and Why?

    Open Access•Alberto Alesina, David Dollar•Journal of Economic Growth•2000

  • Assessing aid

    World Bank•Assessing aid•1998

  • Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance

    Open Access•Douglass C North•Institutions, Institutional…•1990

  • Are There Negative Returns to Aid

    Robert Lensink, Howard White•The Journal of Development Studies•2001

  • US politics and World Bank IDA-lending

    Thomas Barnebeck Andersen, Henrik Hansen et al.•The Journal of Development Studies•2006

  • Is the Allocation of Food Aid Free from Donor Interest Bias

    E Neumayer•The Journal of Development Studies•2005

  • Why Is Rent-Seeking So Costly to Growth

    Kevin Murphy, Kevin M Murphy et al.•40 Years of Research on Rent…•2008

  • The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society

    Anne O Krueger•40 Years of Research on Rent…•2008

  • Personal Rule

    Robert H Jackson, Carl G Rosberg•Africa•2018

  • Corruption and Growth

    Paolo Mauro•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•1995

  • The Logic of Political Survival

    Bruce Bueno De Mesquita, Alastair Smith et al.•The logic of political survival•2003

  • Rents, Competition, and Corruption

    Alberto Ades, Rafael Di Tella•American Economic Review•1999

  • The causes of corruption

    Open Access•Daniel Treisman•Journal of Public Economics•2000

  • Aid and Growth

    Raghuram G Rajan, Arvind Subramanian•The Review of Economics and…•2008

  • Of Rule and Revenue

    Margaret Levi•Of Rule and Revenue•2019

  • Is Aid Oil? An Analysis Of Whether Africa Can Absorb More Aid

    Open Access•Paul Collier•World Development•2006

  • The Increasing Selectivity of Foreign Aid, 1984–2003

    Open Access•David Dollar, Victoria Levin•World Development•2006

  • IMF and economic growth

    Open Access•Axel Dreher•World Development•2006

  • Effective Aid

    Open Access•Stephen Kosack•World Development•2002

  • Aid, Government Expenditure, and Aggregate Welfare

    Open Access•Karuna Gomanee, Oliver Morrissey et al.•World Development•2005

  • When is foreign aid policy credible? Aid dependence and conditionality

    Open Access•J Svensson•Journal of Development Economics•2000

  • What did structural adjustment adjust

    Open Access•William Easterly•Journal of Development Economics•2004

  • Development aid and international politics

    Open Access•Axel Dreher, Jan-Egbert Sturm et al.•Journal of Development Economics•2008

  • Competing models of international lending activity

    Open Access•Bruno S Frey, Friedrich Schneider•Journal of Development Economics•1986

  • Natural resources, rent seeking and welfare

    Open Access•Ragnar Torvik•Journal of Development Economics•2002

  • Aid and growth regressions

    Open Access•Henrik Hansen, Finn Tarp•Journal of Development Economics•2001

  • Coercion, capital, and European states, 990–1990

    Peter Baldwin•History of European Ideas•1992

  • Natural resources, aid, and democratization

    Open Access•Kevin M Morrison•Public Choice•2007

  • When Does Aid Conditionality Work

    Open Access•Gabriella R Montinola•Studies in Comparative…•2010

  • Dissent on Development

    Open Access•P T Bauer, Peter Bauer•Scottish Journal of Political…•1969

  • Constitutions and Commitment

    Open Access•Douglass C North, Barry R Weingast•The Journal of Economic History•1989

  • Foreign Aid and Market‐Liberalizing Reform

    Open Access•Jac C Heckelman, Stephen Knack•Economica•2008

  • Problems of Industrialisation of Eastern and South-Eastern Europe

    P N Rosenstein-Rodan, P N Rosenstein‐Rodan•The Economic Journal•1943

  • On the Empirics of Foreign Aid and Growth

    Open Access•Carl‐Johan Dalgaard, Henrik Hansen et al.•The Economic Journal•2004

  • Aid, Poverty Reduction and the ‘New Conditionality’

    Open Access•Paul Mosley, Jonell Hudson et al.•The Economic Journal•2004

  • What Explains the Success or Failure of Structural Adjustment Programmes

    Open Access•David Dollar, J Svensson•The Economic Journal•2000

  • Model Specification in Instrumental-Variables Regression

    Open Access•Thad Dunning•Political Analysis•2008

  • The Effects of U.S. Foreign Assistance on Democracy Building, 1990–2003

    Open Access•Steven E Finkel, Aníbal Pérez-Liñán et al.•World Politics•2007

  • Choosing to Target

    Open Access•Matthew S Winters•World Politics•2010

  • Clarifying the Foreign Aid Puzzle

    Open Access•Peter J Schraeder, Steven W Hook et al.•World Politics•1998

  • Electoral Incentives for Political Corruption under Open-List Proportional Representation

    Eric C C Chang•The Journal of Politics•2005

  • The Perils of Unearned Income

    Alastair Smith•The Journal of Politics•2008

  • Two Persistent Dimensions of Democracy

    Michael Coppedge, Angel E Alvarez et al.•The Journal of Politics•2008

  • Does Foreign Aid Support Autocrats, Democrats, or Both

    Daniel Yuichi Kono, Gabriella R Montinola•The Journal of Politics•2009

  • Does Foreign Aid Promote Democracy

    Open Access•Stephen Knack•International Studies Quarterly•2004

  • Foreign Aid and Statehood in Africa

    Open Access•Arthur A Goldsmith•International Organization•2001

  • Oil, Nontax Revenue, and the Redistributional Foundations of Regime Stability

    Open Access•Kevin M Morrison•International Organization•2009

  • Funding Self-Sustaining Development

    Stephen Kosack, Jennifer Tobin•International Organization•2006

  • Conditioning the Effects of Aid

    Thad Dunning•International Organization•2004

  • Foreign aid and political conditionality

    Gordon Crawford•Democratization•1997

  • Endogenous Oil Rents

    Open Access•Thad Dunning•Comparative Political Studies•2010

  • Aid Effectiveness and the Politics of Personalism

    Open Access•Joseph Wright•Comparative Political Studies•2010

  • To Invest or Insure

    Open Access•Joseph Wright•Comparative Political Studies•2008

  • Democracy and Education Spending in Africa

    Open Access•David Stasavage•American Journal of Political…•2005

  • The Personal Vote and the Efficacy of Education Spending

    Open Access•Allen Hicken, Joel W Simmons•American Journal of Political…•2008

  • Does Foreign Aid Promote the Expansion of Government

    Open Access•Karen L Remmer•American Journal of Political…•2004

  • How Foreign Aid Can Foster Democratization in Authoritarian Regimes

    Open Access•Joseph Wright•American Journal of Political…•2009

  • Electoral Systems, District Magnitude and Corruption

    Open Access•Eric C C Chang, Miriam A Golden et al.•British Journal of Political…•2007

  • Electoral Connections

    Open Access•Miriam A Golden, Miriam Golden•British Journal of Political…•2003

  • Foreign aid and rent-seeking

    Open Access•J Svensson•Journal of International Economics•2000

  • Instruments of development

    Angus Deaton•National Bureau of Economic…•2009

  • Where Does the Money Go? Best and Worst Practices in Foreign Aid

    Open Access•William Easterly, Tobias Pfutze•The Journal of Economic…•2008

  • Incentives to cultivate a personal vote

    Open Access•John Michael Carey, Matthew Soberg Shugart•Electoral Studies•1995

  • Presidentialism and clientelism in Africa's emerging party systems

    Open Access•Nicolas Van De Walle•The Journal of Modern African…•2003

  • Foreign Aid, Institutions, and Governance in Sub-Saharan Africa

    Deborah A Brautigam, Deborah Brautigam et al.•Economic Development and Cultural…•2004

  • Whose aid? Whose influence? China, emerging donors and the silent revolution in development assistance

    Open Access•Ngaire Woods•International Affairs•2008

  • The Political Economy of IMF Lending in Africa

    Open Access•Randall W Stone•American Political Science Review•2004

  • China's engagement in Africa

    Open Access•Denis M Tull•The Journal of Modern African…•2006

Unique citing works92
Citations per year5,75
Citation span2010 - 2026 (17)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 92

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae