Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Race, Immigration, and the Identity-to-Politics Link

Bibliographic Data

ID6232950
AuthorsTaeku Lee (0000-0002-5143-7654, Travers Department of Political Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1950, corresponding author)
Year2008
Volume11
Issue1
Pages457-478
Publication date2008-06-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAnnual Review of Political Science (BOOK_SERIES)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1094-2939 • E-ISSN: 1545-1577
PublisherAnnual Reviews (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.051707.122615
OpenAlexW2159002031
LanguageEN
Citations received124
References cited96

Little controversy remains about how the United States has changed demographically since the mid-1960s. Far more controversial is whether this change is bringing about a new politics of race. This article argues that a key to settling this debate is a clearer specification of the identity-to-politics link—the nexus from a population defined by shared racial and ethnic labels to a collective group politics based on those definitions. The article articulates some potential pitfalls in how this nexus is commonly specified in empirical research. It then proposes that researchers should be mindful of five processes that are typically lumped together in linking shared demographic categories to common political destinies: definition, identification, consciousness, venue selection, and choice. The article concludes with a discussion of the potential utility and limitations of unpacking these five processes in our analysis of the identity-to-politics link

Ethnic group · Identity (music · Identity politics · Immigration · Nexus (standard · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Population · Race (biology · Sociology · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Gender Studies · Law · Migration, Refugees, and Integration · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research

  • Racial Disenfranchisement

    Open Access•Vincent L Hutchings, Davin L Phoenix•Emerging Trends in the Social and…•2015

  • Claiming Citizenship

    Prema A Kurien•Claiming Citizenship•2025

  • Inclusion without Representation in Latin America

    Open Access•M Htun•Inclusion Without Representation…•2015

  • Not Feeling Politically Represented

    Open Access•Judith C De Jong•Representation•2026

  • Impact of Communication on Political Knowledge and Participation Gaps Among Aapis in the U.S

    Open Access•Yung-I Liu•SAGE Open•2025

  • Facecraft

    Open Access•Joel E Martínez•Perspectives on Psychological…•2025

  • One LGBT community or many? Linked fate in LGBT people

    Open Access•Kay Hales, Ellen D B Riggle•Analyses of Social Issues and…•2025

  • Who Trusts? The Relevance of Race for Political Trust

    Open Access•Jennifer Chudy, Andrew M Engelhardt•Political Behavior•2026

  • Unspoken Politics

    Open Access•Efrén Pérez, Efrén Osvaldo Pérez•Unspoken Politics•2015

  • Politics beyond Black and White

    Lauren D Davenport•Politics Beyond Black and White•2018

  • Racial Order, Racialized Responses

    Open Access•Efrén Pérez, Efrén O Pérez et al.•Racial Order, Racialized Responses•2021

  • Solidarity Between People of Color Has Dynamic, Partisan Roots

    Open Access•Andrew M Engelhardt, Efrén Pérez et al.•Political Research Quarterly•2026

  • From the Ballot and the Streets to Lobbies

    Open Access•Nhat-Dang Do•PS Political Science & Politics•2026

  • A Comparative Analysis of Black Racial Group Consciousness in the United States and Britain

    Open Access•A Laniyonu•The Journal of Race Ethnicity and…•2018

  • Wanting, and Weighting

    Open Access•Christian Dyogi Phillips, Christian Phillips•The Journal of Race Ethnicity and…•2018

  • Fluidity, Phenotype and Afro-Latin Group Consciousness

    Open Access•Marcus Johnson•The Journal of Race Ethnicity and…•2020

  • Urban inequalities and the identity-to-politics link in the Netherlands and Nigeria

    Open Access•Kingsley L Madueke, F Vermeulen•Cosmopolitan Civil Societies An…•2020

  • “It's more than hair … that's why you should care”

    N E Brown•Politics Groups and Identities•2014

  • Politicized Immigrant Identity, Spanish-Language Media, and Political Mobilization in 2012

    Open Access•Sergio Garcia-Rio, Matt A Barreto•RSF The Russell Sage Foundation…•2016

  • The relationship between social identification and local voting, and its interplay with personal and group discrimination among the descendants of Turkish immigrants in Western Europe

    Open Access•Maria Kranendonk•Comparative Migration Studies•2018

  • Race, partisanship, and perceptions of inter-minority commonality

    Kevin Wallsten, Tatishe Nteta•Politics Groups and Identities•2016

  • White identity politics

    Justin Berry, DAVID B EBNER et al.•Politics Groups and Identities•2019

  • Relative group discrimination and vote choice among Blacks, Latinos, Asians, and Whites

    Justin Berry, Colin J G Cepuran et al.•Politics Groups and Identities•2020

  • Vulnerability as identity facet

    Stephanie Chan, Frank Reichert et al.•Politics Groups and Identities•2024

  • Ethnicity and the role of group consciousness

    Candis Watts Smith•Politics Groups and Identities•2013

  • White attitudes about descriptive representation in the US

    Deborah J Schildkraut•Politics Groups and Identities•2015

  • Political stories

    Rebecca Hamlin, I Bloemraad et al.•Politics Groups and Identities•2015

  • Straddling identities

    K Jurée Capers, Candis Watts Smith•Politics Groups and Identities•2015

  • Feeling good about the ties that bind

    Candis Watts Smith, Hannah L Walker et al.•Politics Groups and Identities•2025

  • The politics of “women of color”

    Yalidy Matos, Stacey Greene et al.•Politics Groups and Identities•2021

  • Five out of six measures of identity and solidarity with U.S. people of color are equivalent across English and Spanish interviews

    Open Access•Sydney Tran, Efrén Pérez•Politics Groups and Identities•2025

  • Americana or Latina ? Gender and identity acquisition among Hispanics in the United States

    Heather Silber Mohamed•Politics Groups and Identities•2015

  • A nation of immigrants? The case for a politically influential and intersectional immigrant identity in the United States

    Stephanie Chan, Michelangelo Landgrave•Politics Groups and Identities•2023

  • Identity and coalitions in a multiracial era

    Danielle Casarez Lemi•Politics Groups and Identities•2017

  • Veteran social identity, partisanship, and political behavior

    Travis W Endicott•Politics Groups and Identities•2022

  • Getting out the vote in the projects

    Jacob M Grumbach, Hahrie Han et al.•Politics Groups and Identities•2022

  • The promise and pitfalls of comparative research design in the study of migration

    I Bloemraad•Migration Studies•2013

  • Immigrant Political Participation in Europe

    D Pettinicchio, Robert De Vries•Comparative Sociology•2017

  • Is the regional divide in Ukraine an identity divide

    Lowell Barrington•Eurasian Geography and Economics•2021

  • Ethnoracial Hierarchies and Democratic Commitments

    Open Access•Jana Morgan, Nathan J Kelly•Perspectives on Politics•2025

  • Political Representation and Intersectionality

    Open Access•Judith C De Jong, Liza Mügge et al.•Social Politics International…•2023

  • Criminal Justice Through “Colorblind” Lenses

    Open Access•NICOLE GONZALEZ VAN CLEVE, Lauren Mayes•Law & Social Inquiry•2015

  • Testing the stability and temporal order of People of Color Identity and People of Color Solidarity

    Open Access•Andrew M Engelhardt, Efrén Pérez et al.•American Journal of Political…•2025

  • Mass Deportations and the Future of Latino Partisanship

    Open Access•Alex Street, Chris Zepeda‐millán et al.•Social Science Quarterly•2015

  • Latino Attitudes About Surrogate Representation in the United States

    Open Access•Deborah J Schildkraut•Social Science Quarterly•2016

  • Race in the American Mind

    Open Access•Lawrence D Bobo, Camille Zubrinsky Charles•The Annals of the American…•2009

  • Group identity, group networks, and political participation

    Open Access•Maria Kranendonk, F Vermeulen•Acta Politica•2019

  • Minding the political engagement gap

    Open Access•N Spierings, F Vermeulen•Acta Politica•2024

  • Racial group differences in support for citizenship duties and rights in the US

    Open Access•H Coffe, Catherine Bolzendahl•Acta Politica•2013

  • Recentering U.S. Empire

    Open Access•Katrina Quisumbing King•Sociology of Race and Ethnicity•2019

  • The Caucasian Persuasion”

    Open Access•Nicole Yadon•The Journal of Race Ethnicity and…•2026

  • From Marxism to Social Democracy

    Sabah Mofidi•Diaspora A Journal of Transnational…•2026

  • Varieties of Ethnic Self-Identities

    Open Access•C Feliciano, Rubén G Rumbaut•RSF The Russell Sage Foundation…•2018

  • Introduction

    Open Access•Nancy Foner, Kay Deaux et al.•RSF The Russell Sage Foundation…•2018

  • Immigrant and Ethnic Minority Representation in Europe

    I Bloemraad, Karen Schönwälder•West European Politics•2013

  • Unpacking” the Identity‐to‐Politics Link

    Open Access•Maria Kranendonk, F Vermeulen et al.•Political Psychology•2018

  • Praying on Friday, voting on Sunday? Mosque attendance and voter turnout in three West European democracies

    Open Access•M Moutselos•New Community•2020

  • Police Are Our Government

    Joe So, Joe Soss et al.•Annual Review of Political Science•2017

  • Political inclusion of marginalized groups

    M Htun, Juan Pablo Castaño Ossa•Politics Groups and Identities•2013

  • How Xenophobia Shapes Political Party Support

    Open Access•Victoria Tan•Race and Social Problems•2025

  • When Panethnic Primes Get Trumped

    Open Access•R F Carlos, Hajer Al-Faham et al.•Political Behavior•2025

  • Beyond Black and White

    Open Access•Lauren D Davenport•American Political Science Review•2016

  • Immigration and the Boundaries of Black Political Subjecthood in Argentina and Chile

    Open Access•A Mardones Marshall•International Migration Review•2026

  • Racial Reclassification and Political Identity Formation

    Open Access•David De Micheli•World Politics•2021

  • Social Forces and Regime Change

    Open Access•K Clarke•World Politics•2017

  • Explaining Different Trajectories in Immigrant Political Integration

    Laure Michon, F Vermeulen•West European Politics•2013

  • Why do immigrants support an anti-immigrant party? Russian-Germans and the Alternative for Germany

    Open Access•Dennis Christopher Spies, Sabrina Jasmin Mayer et al.•West European Politics•2023

  • Social Exclusion and Political Identity

    Andrew Kuo, Alexander Kuo et al.•The Journal of Politics•2017

  • Political Awareness and the Identity-to-Politics Link in Public Opinion

    Philip Edward Jones•The Journal of Politics•2023

  • What Explains Voting for Denk

    Open Access•Sanne Van Oosten, Liza Mügge et al.•Representation•2024

  • The Political Consequences of Latino Prejudice against Blacks

    Yanna Krupnikov, Spencer Piston•Public Opinion Quarterly•2016

  • The Implications of Survey Modes and Methods in Measuring Social-Group Closeness

    Christopher P Muste•Public Opinion Quarterly•2014

  • The Effects of Ideological and Ethnoracial Identity on Political (Mis)Information

    Open Access•Melody Crowder-Meyer, Monica Ferrín•Public Opinion Quarterly•2021

  • Police Abuse or Just Deserts

    Open Access•Mackenzie Israel-Trummel, Shea Streeter•Public Opinion Quarterly•2022

  • Too Old to Forget

    Open Access•Chiara Superti, Noam Gidron•Political Studies•2022

  • Are solidarity and identification as people of color distinct? Validating new measures across Asian, Black, Latino, and Multiracial Americans

    Open Access•Efrén Pérez, Seth K Goldman et al.•Political Science Research and…•2025

  • Local Origins

    Open Access•Bryan Wilcox-Archuleta•Political Research Quarterly•2018

  • Latino Tú Latino Yo

    Open Access•Angela Gutierrez•Political Research Quarterly•2025

  • The Racial Gap in Trust in Elections (and How to Close It)

    Open Access•Laura Uribe, Kailen Aldridge et al.•Political Research Quarterly•2025

  • Finding the missing link? The impact of co-ethnicity, pan-ethnicity, and cross-ethnicity on Latino vote choice

    Open Access•Ivelisse Cuevas-Molina, Tatishe Nteta•Political Research Quarterly•2023

  • Political Effects of Having Undocumented Parents

    Open Access•Alex Street, Michael Jones-Correa et al.•Political Research Quarterly•2017

  • Under Threat We Unite

    Open Access•Shawn Kim•Political Behavior•2024

  • Direct and Indirect Xenophobic Attacks

    Open Access•Sergio Garcia-Rio, Sergio Garcia-Rios et al.•Political Behavior•2019

  • It’s the Economy

    Open Access•Derek Wakefield•Political Behavior•2025

  • From Inter-Racial Solidarity to Action

    Open Access•Nathan Chan, Francisco Jasso•Political Behavior•2023

  • Ricochet

    Open Access•Efrén Pérez, Efrén O Pérez•Political Behavior•2015

  • Asian American Candidate Preferences

    Open Access•Vivien Leung•Political Behavior•2022

  • Rewiring Linked Fate

    Open Access•Reuel Rogers, Jae Yeon Kim•Perspectives on Politics•2023

  • Racial Winners and Losers in American Party Politics

    Open Access•Zoltan L Hajnal, Jeremy Horowitz et al.•Perspectives on Politics•2014

  • Do Voters Prefer Just Any Descriptive Representative? The Case of Multiracial Candidates

    Open Access•Danielle Casarez Lemi•Perspectives on Politics•2021

  • Measuring parties’ ethnic appeals in democracies

    Open Access•Elena Gadjanova•Party Politics•2015

  • Widespread, but also popular? Exploring attitudes to diversity policies

    Open Access•Nicolas Flie, Karen Schönwälder•European Political Science Review•2025

  • Inequality, Exclusion, and Tolerance for Political Dissent in Latin America

    Open Access•Jana Morgan, Nathan J Kelly•Comparative Political Studies•2021

  • The Ethnicity–Policy Preference Link in Sub-Saharan Africa

    Open Access•Evan S Lieberman, Eva Lieberman et al.•Comparative Political Studies•2013

  • Group Membership, Group Identity, and Group Consciousness

    Paula D Mcclain, Jessica D Johnson Carew et al.•Annual Review of Political Science•2009

  • Race as a Bundle of Sticks

    Malcolm Sen, Maya Sen et al.•Annual Review of Political Science•2016

  • Xenophobic Rhetoric and Its Political Effects on Immigrants and Their Co‐Ethnics

    Open Access•Efrén Pérez, Efrén O Pérez•American Journal of Political…•2015

  • How Settlement Locations and Local Networks Influence Immigrant Political Integration

    Open Access•Bernt Bratsberg, Jeremy Ferwerda et al.•American Journal of Political…•2021

  • Economic Explanations for Opposition to Immigration

    Open Access•N Malhotra, Yotam Margalit et al.•American Journal of Political…•2013

  • Racial Identity, Group Consciousness, and Attitudes

    Open Access•Lauren D Davenport, Sharad Iyengar et al.•American Journal of Political…•2022

  • Black visions

    Michael C Dawson•Black visions•2001

  • Who Counts

    Margo J Anderson, Stephen E Fienberg•Who Counts•1999

  • Power and Powerlessness

    John Gaventa•Power and Powerlessness•1982

  • Mobilizing public opinion

    Taeku Lee•Mobilizing public opinion•2002

  • Changing race

    Clara E Rodríguez•Changing race•2000

  • Latino ethnic consciousness

    Felix M Padilla•Latino ethnic consciousness•1985

  • Nomads of the present

    Alberto Melucci•Nomads of the present•1989

  • American Indian Ethnic Renewal

    J Nagel•American Indian ethnic renewal•1996

  • Prejudice in Politics

    Lawrence D Bobo, Lawrence Bobo et al.•Prejudice in Politics•2006

  • Behind the Mule

    Open Access•Matt Dawson, Michael C Dawson•Behind the Mule•1995

  • Fluid Borders

    Lisa Garcia Bedolla•Fluid Borders•2005

  • Shades of Citizenship

    Melissa Nobles•Shades of Citizenship•2000

  • From protest to politics

    Katherine Tate•From protest to politics•1994

  • Racial attitudes in America

    Howard Schuman•Racial attitudes in America•1988

  • Issue Evolution

    E G Carmines, James A Stimson•Issue Evolution•2020

  • Affirmative Advocacy

    Dara Z Strolovitch, Dara Strolovitch•Affirmative Advocacy•2007

  • Peter Bachrach and Morton S. Baratz. 1962. “Two Faces of Power.” American Political Science Review 56 (December)

    Open Access•Clarence N Stone, Clarence Stone•American Political Science Review•2006

  • It Was Like a Fever

    Francesca Polletta•It Was Like a Fever•2006

  • Party/Politics

    M Hanchard•Party/politics•2006

  • Stories of Peoplehood

    Open Access•R M Smith•Stories of Peoplehood•2003

  • Barbershops, Bibles, and BET

    Melissa Harris-Lacewell, Melissa Victoria Harris-Lacewell•Barbershops, Bibles, and BET•2004

  • Democracy in Immigrant America

    Karthick Ramakrishnan, S Karthick Ramakrishnan•Democracy in Immigrant America•2006

  • Weapons of the Weak

    James C Scott•Weapons of the Weak•2017

  • Afro-Caribbean Immigrants and the Politics of Incorporation

    Open Access•Reuel Rogers, Reuel R Rogers•Afro-Caribbean Immigrants and the…•2006

  • Racial Politics in Post-Revolutionary Cuba

    Open Access•Mark Q Sawyer•Racial politics in post-revolutiona…•2005

  • Democracy's Promise

    Janelle Wong•Democracy's promise•2006

  • Between Two Nations

    Michael Jones-Correa, Michael Jones‐correa•Between Two Nations•1998

  • Racial Diversity and Social Capital

    Open Access•Rodney E Hero•Racial Diversity and Social Capital•2007

  • We Who Are Dark

    Tommie Shelby•We Who Are Dark•2005

  • Who trusts others

    Open Access•Alberto Alesina, Eliana La Ferrara•Journal of Public Economics•2002

  • Immigrant Entrepreneurs

    Ivan Light, Edna Bonacich•Immigrant Entrepreneurs•1988

  • In the Shadow of Race

    Andrea Carlà, Geeti Das•Ethnopolitics•2008

  • Demography and the social contract

    Open Access•M Tienda•Demography•2002

  • The meaning and measurement of race in the U.S. census

    Open Access•Charles Hirschman, R Alba et al.•Demography•2000

  • Transnational Ties and Immigrant Political Incorporation

    Open Access•Adrian D Pantoja•International Migration•2005

  • Looking ahead

    Open Access•Jennifer Hochschild, Jennifer L Hochschild•Daedalus•2005

  • Race on the 2010 census

    Open Access•Ian Haney López•Daedalus•2005

  • Notes toward the definition of ‘identity’

    Open Access•Akeel Bilgrami•Daedalus•2006

  • White Over Black

    Winthrop D Jordan, Christopher Leslie Brown et al.•White over Black•2012

  • Talking Back

    Bell Hooks•Talking back•2014

  • Mapping the Margins

    Kimberlé Crenshaw, Kimberlé W Crenshaw•Stanford Law Review•1991

  • Dusk of Dawn. An Essay Toward an Autobiography of a Race Concept

    Guy B Johnson, W E Burghardt•American Sociological Review•1942

  • Race, Ethnicity, and Political Participation

    Jan E Leighley, Jan Leighley et al.•The Journal of Politics•1999

  • E Pluribus Unum

    Open Access•Robert D Putnam•Scandinavian Political Studies•2007

  • Doing Intersectionality Research

    Open Access•E M Simien•Politics & Gender•2007

  • Doubly Bound

    Open Access•Claudine Gay, Katherine Tate•Political Psychology•1998

  • Ethnicity and political participation

    Open Access•P T Lien, Pei-Te Lien•Political Behavior•1994

  • Political participation of ethnic minorities in the 1980s

    Open Access•Carole J Uhlaner, Bruce E Cain et al.•Political Behavior•1989

  • Civic Engagement and Community Heterogeneity

    Dora L Costa, Matthew E Kahn•Perspectives on Politics•2003

  • Identities, Interests, and the Future of Political Science

    R M Smith•Perspectives on Politics•2004

  • When Multiplication Doesn't Equal Quick Addition

    Open Access•Ange-Marie Hancock•Perspectives on Politics•2007

  • When Can History Be Our Guide? The Pitfalls of Counterfactual Inference

    Open Access•Gary King, Langche Zeng•International Studies Quarterly•2007

  • What Is Ethnic Identity and Does It Matter

    Kanchan Chandra•Annual Review of Political Science•2006

  • Comparative Ethnic Politics in the United States

    Gary M Segura, Helena Alves Rodrigues•Annual Review of Political Science•2006

  • The Centrality of Race in American Politics

    Vincent L Hutchings, Nicholas A Valentino•Annual Review of Political Science•2004

  • Exploring the Racial Divide

    Donald R Kinder, Nicholas Winter et al.•American Journal of Political…•2001

  • Determinants of Social Capital

    Open Access•Marcus Alexander•British Journal of Political…•2007

  • Latino Group Consciousness and Political Participation

    Open Access•Atiya Kai Stokes•American Politics Research•2003

  • Group-Based Resources and Political Participation among Asian Americans

    Open Access•Janelle Wong, Janelle S Wong et al.•American Politics Research•2005

  • "Becoming "Hispanic

    Open Access•Michael Jones-Correa, Michael Jones‐correa et al.•Hispanic Journal of Behavioral…•1996

  • Group Consciousness and Political Participation

    Arthur H Miller, Patricia Gurin et al.•American Journal of Political…•1981

  • The Hispanic Challenge

    Samuel P Huntington•Foreign Policy•2004

  • Immigrant Self-Employment

    Jimy M Sanders, Nee et al.•American Sociological Review•1996

  • Perceptions of Racial Group Competition

    Lawrence D Bobo, Lawrence Bobo et al.•American Sociological Review•1996

  • Returns on Human Capital in Ethic Enclaves

    Min Zhou, J R Logan•American Sociological Review•1989

  • Transforming Politics, Transforming America

    Open Access•Gabriel Aquino•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•2008

  • Who is Multiracial? Assessing the Complexity of Lived Race

    David R Harris, David Harris et al.•American Sociological Review•2002

  • Two Faces of Power

    Open Access•Peter Bachrach, Morton S Baratz•American Political Science Review•1962

  • Congressional Enactments of Race-Gender

    Open Access•Mary Hawkesworth•American Political Science Review•2003

  • Black Consciousness and Political Participation

    Open Access•Richard D Shingles, Richard Shingles•American Political Science Review•1981

  • The Conditions of Protest Behavior in American Cities

    Open Access•Peter K Eisinger•American Political Science Review•1973

  • The Development and Persistence of Ethnic Voting

    Open Access•Raymond E Wolfinger•American Political Science Review•1965

  • Race, Sociopolitical Participation, and Black Empowerment

    Open Access•Lawrence D Bobo, Lawrence Bobo et al.•American Political Science Review•1990

  • A Schema-Based Approach to Modeling an African-American Racial Belief System

    Open Access•Richard L Allen, Matt Dawson et al.•American Political Science Review•1989

  • İSí Se Puede! Latino Candidates and the Mobilization of Latino Voters

    Open Access•Matt A Barreto•American Political Science Review•2007

  • The Boundaries of Blackness

    Cathy J Cohen, Cathy Cohen•The boundaries of blackness•1999

  • Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency, 1930-1970

    Doug Mcadam•Political process and the…•1999

  • America's Changing Color Lines

    Jennifer Lee, Frank D Bean•Annual Review of Sociology•2004

  • Manifesto for a Relational Sociology

    Mustafa Emirbayer•American Journal of Sociology•1997

  • Ethnicity as cognition

    Open Access•Rogers Brubaker, Mara Loveman et al.•Theory and Society•2004

  • Beyond 'identity

    Open Access•Rogers Brubaker, Frederick Cooper et al.•Theory and Society•2000

  • The narrative constitution of identity

    Open Access•Margaret R Somers•Theory and Society•1994

Unique citing works124
Citations per year6,53
Citation span2007 - 2026 (20)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 124

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae