Competing external demoi and differential enfranchisement
The case of the 2022 Hungarian election
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6255672 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Myra A Waterbury (0000-0003-1133-3575, Ohio University, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Volume | 25 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 427-448 |
| Publication date | 2025-06-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Ethnicities (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1468-7968 • E-ISSN: 1741-2706 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/14687968231213080 |
| OpenAlex | W4388313506 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 5 |
| References cited | 29 |
This analysis of the 2022 Hungarian parliamentary election highlights the phenomenon of competing external demoi, a situation that emerges when an incumbent government differentially enfranchises and mobilizes different external national communities for electoral purposes, thus triggering a competing mobilization of external voters by non-incumbent political actors. Hungarian parliamentary elections have increasingly become battlegrounds between the ethnic Hungarians living in countries neighboring Hungary, who have access to non-resident Hungarian citizenship and the right the vote in Hungarian elections by mail; and Hungarian emigrants in Western Europe who must vote in person at home or at embassies. These differences in voting access and the highly partisan mobilization of these two external demoi came to a head during the 2022 parliamentary election. This article seeks to explain the development of two different sets of external enfranchisement policies within a single case, a variation that is undertheorized in the literature, and uncovers the causes and consequences of the unique structure of external partisan polarization that emerged in the 2022 election. It argues that we must look at Hungary’s competitive authoritarian regime type in the context of “divided nationhood” and the relationship between incumbent hegemony and opposition mobilization in different types of external communities to explain this outcome
Authoritarianism · Democracy · Hegemony · Mobilization · Opposition (politics · Polarization (electrochemistry · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Sociology · Voting · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · European Union Policy and Governance · Law · Populism, Right-Wing Movements
Defeating Authoritarian Leaders in Postcommunist Countries
Between State and Nation
Competitive Authoritarianism
Political Regimes and External Voting Rights
To vote or not to vote? Migrant electoral (dis)engagement in an enlarged Europe
National Minorities in an Era of Externalization
Populist Nationalism and the Challenges of Divided Nationhood
Sending States and the Making of Intra-Diasporic Politics
Foreign policy priorities and ethnic return migration policies
Home State Oriented Diaspora Organizations and the Making of Partisan Citizens Abroad
Should We Go Abroad? The Strategic Entry of Ecuadorian Political Parties in Overseas Electoral Districts
Distance and Trust
The Party Abroad
Extending Citizenship to Emigrants
How Viktor Orbán Wins
Why do parties support emigrant voting rights
More than voters
Enfranchisement regimes beyond de-territorialization and post-nationalism
Keeping Pandora's (ballot) box half-shut
Transnational turnout. Determinants of emigrant voting in home country elections
Arab uprisings and the changing frontiers of transnational citizenship
When parties go abroad
Direct and indirect political remittances of the transnational engagement of Hungarian kin-minorities and diaspora communities
Why Do States Develop Multi-tier Emigrant Policies? Evidence from Egypt
Competing for the diaspora's influence at home
Emigrant Inclusion in Home Country Elections
Mobility, Connectivity and Non-Resident Citizenship
| Unique citing works | 5 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,5 |
| Citation span | 2024 - 2026 (3) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 5 |