The institutional foundations of hegemony
Explaining the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6270587 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Stephan Haggard (0000-0003-1571-2580, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1988 |
| Volume | 42 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 91-119 |
| Publication date | 1988-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | International Organization (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0020-8183 • E-ISSN: 1531-5088 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s0020818300007141 |
| OpenAlex | W2124545658 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 69 |
| References cited | 46 |
In 1930, Congress approved the highly restrictive Smoot–Hawley tariff, the textbook case of pressure group politics run amok. Four years later, Congress passed the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act (RTAA), surrendering much of its tariff-making authority to a policy process in which internationalists had increasing influence. While the United States had used reciprocity to expand exports before, the stick of discriminatory treatment took precedence over the carrot of liberalizing concessions. With the transfer of tariff-making authority to the executive, the United States could make credible commitments and thus exploit its market power to liberalize international trade. Despite later modifications, the RTAA set the fundamental institutional framework for trade politics
Commercial policy · Economics · Free trade · Hegemony · International economics · International trade · Liberalization · Market economy · Political science · Politics · Reciprocal · Reciprocity (cultural anthropology · Sociology · Tariff · Law · World Trade Organization Law
The Origins of Informality
On the Origins of Neoliberalism
Trade Policy
The New Liberalism
Foreign Discrimination, Protection for Exporters, and U.S. Trade Liberalization
Globalisation, Power and Integration
Agents of Neoliberal Globalization
The Critical Juncture Concept’s Evolving Capacity to Explain Policy Change
Enduring disembeddedness? Understanding the persistence of trade disconnects in US digital trade policy
Convergence on Crisis? Comparing Labour and Conservative Party Framing of the Economic Crisis in Britain, 2008‐14
Re-thinking the coronavirus pandemic as a policy punctuation
Two-level games and trade cooperation
When nationalism meets continentalism
Cartels, competition, and coalitions
A fluid divide
The timing of protectionism
The ambivalent hegemon
Imperial protection and strategic trade policy in the interwar period
National Security Versus National Welfare in American Foreign Economic Policy
The Institutional Foundation of U.S. Trade Policy
Macroeconomic Policy Change
Protectionist Executives
Trade and information policy
Divided government and U.S. trade policy
A comparative framework
Filtering rivalry
Constituency Interests and Delegation in European and American Trade Policy
Making and Remaking State Institutional Arrangements
The Judicial Transformation of the State
The impact of ideas on trade policy
Conclusion
Big” Treaties, Small Effects
Understanding International Trade Policies
Does Constituency Size Affect Elected Officials' Trade Policy Preferences
Presidents on the Fast Track
Timeless Principles or Today's Fashion? Testing the Stability of the Linkage between Ideology and Foreign Policy in the Senate
Understanding Policy Change Using a Critical Junctures Theory in Comparative Context
Domestic Political Preconditions of US Trade Policy
Second Image Reversed Politics
The Institutional Sources of Military Doctrine
Congress, Foreign Policy, and the New Institutionalism
Multilateralism and Democracy
Taxation and the political economy of the tariff
America and Trade Liberalization
Who Supports Global Economic Engagement? The Sources of Preferences in American Foreign Economic Policy
Exploring the “myth” of hegemonic stability
The Reaction of Private Interests to the 1934 Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
The Magic Bullet? The RTAA, Institutional Reform, and Trade Liberalization
The Unconditional Most-Favored-Nation Clause and the Maintenance of the Liberal Trade Regime in the Postwar 1870s
Class Versus Industry Cleavages
Democracy-Enhancing Multilateralism
Growth waves, systemic openness, and protectionism
America and the Trade Regime
Veto Points, Veto Players, and International Trade Policy
Restarting Globalization after World War II
Remoulding the Critical Junctures Approach
The Importance of Ideas
The Political Economy of International Trade
Trading in the Twenty-First Century
Supplying Trade Reform
Congressional Trade Politics, 1985-1995
Testing for a Critical Juncture
Trade Policy, Exchange Rates, and the Globalization Surge of the 1990s
Trading Blocs or Trading Blows? The Macroeconomic Geography of US and Japanese Trade Policies
Making the world open again. The US State Department's thwarted first steps towards global neoliberalization during the Great Depression and World War II
The Return to the State
Fixing Globalization Institutionally
Capitalist Class Relations, the State, and New Deal Foreign Trade Policy
Corporate Unity in American Trade Policy
Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1940.
Structure and change in economic history
American industry in international competition
American trade politics
Bringing the State Back In
Agendas, alternatives, and public policies
Defending the National Interest
Tariff Retaliation
Power and Interdependence
The New American Political System
George N. Peek and the Fight for Farm Parity
Intranationalism vs. Internationalism
The Way Forward
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Roosevelt's 1933 Monetary Experiment
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Reciprocity and the North Atlantic Triangle, 1932-1938
Sources of New Deal Economic Policy
Reciprocity and the North Atlantic Triangle, 1932-1938
Economic Aspects of New Deal Diplomacy
Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932–1945
American trade politics
Economic Diplomacy
Congress and the Politics of U.S. Foreign Economic Policy, 1929-1976
The American Business Creed
The New Deal and Foreign Trade
State Power and the Structure of International Trade
American Business, Public Policy, Case-Studies, and Political Theory
Trade Wars
The Sterling-Dollar-Franc Triangle
Beneath the Commerce of Nations
Public goods and political institutions
Conclusion
Resisting the protectionist temptation
From Normalcy to New Deal
Hoover, Roosevelt, and the Brains Trust
International regimes, transactions, and change
State Capacity and Economic Intervention in the Early New Deal
The Political Economy of Trade
Barriers to World Trade, A Study of Recent Commercial Policy
Trade and Hemisphere
| Unique citing works | 69 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,82 |
| Citation span | 1988 - 2026 (39) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 69 |