The Political Economy of International Trade
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6232798 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Helen V Milner (0000-0003-2990-8373, Columbia University, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1999 |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 91-114 |
| Publication date | 1999-06-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Annual Review of Political Science (BOOK_SERIES) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1094-2939 • E-ISSN: 1545-1577 |
| Publisher | Annual Reviews (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1146/annurev.polisci.2.1.91 |
| OpenAlex | W2129188328 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 70 |
| References cited | 73 |
One of the most salient changes in the world economy since 1980 has been the move toward freer trade among countries across the globe. How do existing theories about trade policy explain this puzzle? Three sets of explanations are prominent. First, many focus on changes in trade policy preferences among domestic actors, either societal groups or political leaders. Second, scholars examine changes in political institutions to account for such policy change. Third, they seek explanations in changes in the international political system. Large-scale changes in political institutions, especially in the direction of democracy, may be necessary for the kind of massive trade liberalization that has occurred. But changes in preferences cannot be overlooked in explaining the rush to free trade. Moreover, the influence of international institutions has been important. Finally, the reciprocal impact of trade on domestic politics and the international political system is important. If the rush to free trade is sustained, will its impact be benign or malign
Commercial policy · Democracy · Economics · Free trade · Globe · International political economy · International trade · Liberalization · Market economy · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Trade barrier · Global trade and economics · International Development and Aid · Law · World Trade Organization Law
Free Traders
Domestic Politics of Trade Policy
Red Globalization
Investing in Protection
Bipartisanship and US Foreign Policy
All in favour? Indian business interests and the India-EU FTA
Normative power meets realism
Geopolitics and rare earth metals
The ties that don’t bind
Reflecting on ‘Linkage’
Multidimensionality and Gravity in Global Trade, 1950-2000
The Political Economy of the EU's New Green Industrial Policy
Health by Words—A Content Analysis of Political Manifestos in the Portuguese Elections of 1975
Height, trade, and inequality in the Latin American periphery, 1950–2000
Linkages Between Trade Facilitation and Governance
A new wonderland of Asian migration
State international income position, trade openness, and mass antigovernment protests
Going Nativist
Constituency Size and Responsiveness to Sectoral Interests
Political economy of trade protection
Regional integration and the challenge of overlapping memberships on trade
Emerging Powers, Domestic Politics, and wto Dispute Settlement Reform
Public attitudes towards international trade and free trade agreements in the United Kingdom
Legal Opportunity in Trade Negotiations
Protecting Solar
When do autocracies start to liberalize foreign trade? Evidence from four cases in the Middle East and North Africa
Beyond ‘Once BITten, Twice Shy’
Utilization of GSP schemes as a political and economic determinant of the utilization of North-South FTAs
Export incentives, domestic mobilization, & labor reforms
Bargaining in the negotiations over liberalizing trade in services
Patent Systems and Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Negotiating North–South dynamics and the Philippine experience in the WTO
Global economic crisis
Taiwan–US nonproliferation cooperation
When is international trade a security threat
Are there still shared values to sustain multilateralism? Discourse in World Trade Organization reform debates
Reappraising and Extending the Predictors of States’ Immigrant Policies
Preferências domésticas e instituições do processo decisório em política econômica externa
Incumprimento Protecionista no Mercado Único da União Europeia
The future in the social sciences
The Politics of Energy
Pathways to a sustainable future
Strategic Side Payments
The Absence of Consumer Interests in Trade Policy
When trade liberalization turns into regulatory reform
Legislative reciprocity
Economic Sanctions and Demand for Protection
Unilateral Influence on International Bureaucrats
Leadership Turnover and Foreign Policy Change
European Union Member States in Cross-National Analyses
Globalization, Factor Mobility, Partisanship, and Compensation Policies
Market Structure, Electoral Institutions, and Trade Policy
Do Exchange Rates Influence Voting? Evidence from Elections and Survey Experiments in Democracies
Access to Protection
Covid-19 and the Politics of Crisis
False Prophet, or Genuine Savior? Assessing the Effects of Economic Openness on Sustainable Development, 1980–99
The home state effect
The Economics and Politics of Preferential Trade Agreements
Firms in Trade and Trade Politics
Thepoliticaleconomy Ofinternationalmonetaryrelations
Immigration and Globalization (and Deglobalization)
Beyond Ricardo
The Wrong Winners
Political Economy of Trade Policy - Institutions, Regulation, Social and Political Context
International trade and cyber conflict
Economía Política Internacional y Paradiplomacia
Between distribution and allocation
The Intergovernmental Network of World Trade
Political accountability and legislative behavior in Africa
Intensification of geo-cultural homophily in global trade
Ideas, interests, and American trade policy
Who Adjusts?
Cooperation and Governance in International Trade
Empowering Exporters
The Political Economy of International Relations
Commerce and Coalitions
The Political Economy of Dictatorship
Politics, Process, and American Trade Policy
Economic Models of Political Choice
Has Globalization Gone Too Far?
What determines individual trade-policy preferences?
Protection and Real Wages
The Impact of the International Economy on National Policies
Interests, Institutions, and Information
Small States in World Markets
Democracy and Development
Partisan Politics in the Global Economy
Resisting Protectionism
The Political Economy of Democratic Transitions
Democracy and Development
Pressure Groups and the Pattern of Tariffs
Trade Liberalization and the Theory of Endogenous Protection
The Determinants of Tariff and Nontariff Trade Restrictions in the United States
Divided government and U.S. trade policy
Developing nations and the politics of global integration
Allies, adversaries and international trade
The Economics of Intra-Industry Trade
The partisan paradox and the U.S. tariff, 1877–1934
Dependency and development in Latin America
Theory of international politics
Problematic Lucidity
State Power and the Structure of International Trade
Conflict and Trade
Leadership, Hegemony, and the International Economy
Economic Interdependence and International Conflict
Public Goods, Prisoners' Dilemmas and the International Political Economy
Democratic Convergence and Free Trade
The transformation of trade
The Persistent myth of lost hegemony
Tariff protection in developed and developing countries
The second face of hegemony
The political economy of nontariff barriers
The mysterious case of vanishing hegemony; or, Is Mark Twain really dead
The institutional foundations of hegemony
The limits of hegemonic stability theory
Positive Feedback
Ideas, institutions, and American trade policy
The Third Leg of the Kantian Tripod for Peace
International trade and domestic politics
The political economy of international trade
Toward a business-cycle model of tariffs
The Political Economy of International Trade
Unemployment, Collective Bargaining, and the Demand for Protection
Endogenous Tariff Theory
Decision Making in Political Systems
Trade and the variety of democratic institutions
The Limits of Trade Policy Reform in Developing Countries
Economic Interdependence
The Political Economy of the Tariff Cycle
The Expansion of the Public Economy
Alliances, Preferential Trading Arrangements, and International Trade
Power Politics and International Trade
| Unique citing works | 70 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,8 |
| Citation span | 2001 - 2026 (26) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 70 |