Are Smart Sanctions Feasible
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6411038 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Arne Tostensen (0000-0001-8679-7273), Beate Bull |
| Year | 2002 |
| Volume | 54 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 373-403 |
| Publication date | 2002-04-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | World Politics (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0043-8871 • E-ISSN: 1086-3338 |
| Publisher | Project MUSE (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1353/wp.2002.0010 |
| OpenAlex | W2134168346 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 54 |
| References cited | 14 |
This article reviews the literature on the “smart sanctions” approach developed in the late 1990s in response to the failure of conventional sanctions and questions the efficacy of this instrument. Smart sanctions modify the conventional sanctions tool by targeting the culpable political elites by means of arms embargoes, financial sanctions, and travel restrictions and by cushioning vulnerable groups (children, women, the infirm, and the elderly) by exempting specified commodities such as food and medical supplies from embargoes. This two-pronged sanctions approach is designed to hit the real perpetrators directly and spare potential innocent victims, thus leading to the speedier change of sanctionee behavior. Although the special design of smart sanctions may seem logically compelling and politically attractive, this article argues that the numerous operational problems involved, combined with the intricacies of the political processes of the UN Security Council, will make a smart sanctions regime difficult to establish and enforce effectively
Business · Computer security · Economics · Law and economics · Political science · Politics · Sanctions · Spare part · Computer Science · Economic Sanctions and International Relations · Law · Marketing
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Sanctions Sometimes Smart: Targeted Sanctions in Theory and Practice
Balancing Act
The logic of positive engagement
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Targeting sanctions and ending armed conflicts
Strategic logic of unilateral climate intervention
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The Design and Impacts of Individual Sanctions
Preventing Mass Atrocities
Understanding the EU’s Response to LGBTI Rights Violations
Proclaiming Principles
Easier In than Out
When Targeted Sanctions Miss the Mark
Unilateral Sanctions in a Multipolar World
The Illusion of “Smart” Sanctions
Migration and Economic Coercion
Les dynamiques propres de l'Union européenne dans le système international
Economic Sanctions in Flux
Deploying Sanctions while Protecting Human Rights
The European Union and Belarus
Still Unjust, Just in Different Ways
The will to do good and the clash of practices
Why states do not impose sanctions
Lessons from the Mena region
The unintended consequences of UN sanctions
The limits of weaponised interdependence after the Russian war against Ukraine
Market structure and economic sanctions
Blacklisting and the ban
Cutting Aid to Promote Peace and Democracy? Intentions and Effectiveness of Aid Sanctions
The convergence of transatlantic sanction policy against Iran
Are European Union sanctions “targeted”
Constructing sanctions
The Normative Erosion of International Refugee Protection through UN Security Council Practice
Smart Sanctions Revisited
Ethnic minorities, ethnic conflict, and confidence in the UN across the world
The transformation and design of EU restrictive measures against Russia
External arms embargoes and their implications for government expenditure, democracy and internal conflict
Targeted Sanctions in a World of Global Finance
The limits of hegemony
In Defence of National Sovereignty? Urban Governance and Democracy in Zimbabwe
Accountability and the Evil of Administrative Ethics
Iraq and the Domestic Political Effects of Economic Sanctions
When Do (Imposed) Economic Sanctions Work
Are smart sanctions smart enough? An inquiry into when leaders oppress civilians under UN targeted sanctions
Do economic sanctions impair target economies
Global Governance From Below
Sanctions and Signals
Domestic Explanations of International Relations
Economic sanctions and the duration of civil conflicts
Stopping the legal flow of weapons
Consequences of economic sanctions on minority groups in the sanctioned states
Why Sanctions Termination Doesn't Put an End to Humanitarian Crises
Economic sanctions reconsidered
The power of nations
The Sanctions Decade
Why Economic Sanctions Do Not Work
The Power of Nations
The Price of Peace
How Sanctions Work
Encyclopedia of Arms Control and Disarmament
On the Effects of International Economic Sanctions, With Examples from the Case of Rhodesia
Diplomacy and domestic politics
Smart Sanctions
Human Rights and Economic Power
Embargo
| Unique citing works | 54 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,35 |
| Citation span | 2003 - 2026 (24) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 53 |