Incorporating Frequency Effects in the Lexical Access of Mandarin Tone 3 Sandhi
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6440679 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Feier Gao (0000-0002-3872-8852, School of Foreign Languages, Southeast University, China, corresponding author), Chien-Jer Charles Lin (0000-0002-7384-7902, Indiana University Bloomington) |
| Year | 2024 |
| Volume | 68 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 204-228 |
| Publication date | 2024-07-25 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Language and Speech (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0023-8309 • E-ISSN: 1756-6053 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/00238309241260062 |
| PMID | 39049674 |
| OpenAlex | W4400993223 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 37 |
Mandarin tone 3 sandhi refers to the phenomenon whereby a tone 3 syllable changes to a tone 2 when followed by another tone 3. This phonological process creates a deviation between the tonal forms realized at morphemic (/tone3—tone3/) and word ([tone2—tone3]) levels, posing questions in terms of how disyllabic tone 3 sandhi words are represented and accessed. The current study conducted three cross-modal lexical decision priming experiments to investigate this issue. Experiment 1 manipulated the frequencies of the initial morpheme and whole word, showing that the higher initial-character frequency against the whole word gives stronger activation to the underlying representation and the lower frequency of the initial character leads to stronger activation of the surface tone. Experiments 2 and 3 operationalized the relative frequency of the initial tone 3 morpheme’s realization as a sandhi tone, finding that the competition between the two tonal realizations also influences how T3 sandhi words are accessed. Specifically, the more frequently the T3 morpheme surfaces as a T2 allomorph, the less activated the underlying representation becomes in the mental lexicon. Our results indicate a complex interplay between morpheme, word, and the associated tonal representations in the mental lexicon and that these factors co-determine the lexical access of tone 3 sandhi
Character (mathematics · Linguistics · Mandarin Chinese · Mental lexicon · Morpheme · Representation (politics · Syllable · Tone (literature · Mathematics · Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism · Phonetics and Phonology Research · Psychology · Reading and Literacy Development
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| Citations per year | 1 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2025 - 2025 (1) |
| Highly cited | No |