The Influence of Graphical and Symbolic Language Manipulations on Responses to Self-Administered Questions
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 7363786 |
|---|---|
| Authors | L M Christian, Christian Lovis (0000-0002-2681-8076, National Agricultural Statistics Service), D A Dillman (National Agricultural Statistics Service, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2004 |
| Volume | 68 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 57-80 |
| Publication date | 2004-03-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Public Opinion Quarterly (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0033-362X • E-ISSN: 1537-5331 |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press (OUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1093/poq/nfh004 |
| OpenAlex | W2162995921 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 47 |
| References cited | 3 |
This article reports results from 14 experimental comparisons designed to test 7 hypotheses about the effects of two types of nonverbal languages (symbols and graphics) on responses to self-administered questionnaires. The experiments were included in a survey of 1,042 university students. Significant differences were observed for most comparisons, providing support for all seven hypotheses. These results support the view that respondents' answers to questions in self-administered surveys are influenced by more than words. Thus, the visual presentation of questions must be taken into consideration when designing such surveys and, especially, when comparing results across surveys in which the visual presentation of questions is varied
Cognitive psychology · Developmental psychology · Graphics · Mathematics education · Nonverbal communication · Presentation (obstetrics · Test (biology · Communication in Education and Healthcare · Computer Science · Medicine · Psychology · Survey Methodology and Nonresponse · Social Psychology
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| Unique citing works | 47 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,14 |
| Citation span | 2004 - 2026 (23) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 47 |