Variable-r in sex ratios
Formulas in honor of Jim Vaupel
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 7743832 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Vladimir Canudas-Romo (0000-0001-6532-0089), Wen Su (0000-0001-9972-1665), Mike Hollingshaus (0000-0002-1682-9150) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 49 |
| Pages | 693-722 |
| Publication date | 2023-10-17 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Demographic Research (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1435-9871 • E-ISSN: 2363-7064 |
| Publisher | Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (PUBLISHER • DE) |
| DOI | 10.4054/demres.2023.49.26 |
| OpenAlex | W4387665125 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 2 |
| References cited | 48 |
BACKGROUND: Two seminal studies in the 1980s, by Preston and Coale (1982) and Arthur and Vaupel (1984), generalized the Lotka equations developing the variable-r methods. OBJECTIVE: Time changes in sex ratios (males:females) are studied from the perspective of the variable-r method to estimate the contributions of fertility, mortality, and net-migration. METHODS: The time change in sex ratios can be calculated as a comparison of the growth rates of the sexes. The difference is then decomposed into population composition, and the age-specific components of fertility, mortality, and net migration. Thirteen countries with long historical demographic series are used to illustrate the time trends in sex ratios. RESULTS: Most countries are moving towards a greater number of males per females. The greatest changes were observed in Norway and Sweden, with males catching up with females at older ages due to survival. Meanwhile, the sex differential in net-migration flows explains the decline in sex ratios in Spain and Australia and the increase in the United States. CONCLUSIONS: Our results shed light on the debate on female–male population imbalances and how fertility, mortality, and net migration contribute to these disparities. CONTRIBUTION: Vaupel and Canudas-Romo (2003) wrote a paper in honor of Vaupel’s mentor Nathan Keyfitz on his 90th anniversary. The paper focused on a common topic of interest of all three researchers, namely mathematical demography. In honor of the legacy of the work of Jim Vaupel, we revive that idea with a collection of mathematical derivations that are simple, yet powerful in their demographic interpretation
Combinatorics · Genealogy · Honor · Mathematical analysis · Mathematical economics · Sociology · Computer Science · Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences · Demography · Family Dynamics and Relationships · Global Maternal and Child Health · History · Mathematics
Recent trends in life expectancy across high income countries
How Do Sex Ratios Affect Marriage and Labor Markets? Evidence from America's Second Generation
Age Structure, Growth, Attrition, and Accession
Migration Research and Analysis
Women live longer than men even during severe famines and epidemics
Systematic assessment of the sex ratio at birth for all countries and estimation of national imbalances and regional reference levels
Components of a Difference Between Two Rates
Male fetal loss in the U.S. following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001
Trends in the Gender Ratio of Immigrants to the United States
Sex ratios and life tables
Demographic Conditions Responsible for Population Aging
The Sources and Diversity of Immigrant Population Change in Australia, 1981–2011
Decomposing change in life expectancy
Age-specific growth rates
The Components of Change in Population Growth Rates
On the momentum of population growth
The number of illegal migrants of Mexican origin in the United States
Demographic Determinants of Population Aging in Europe since 1850
The financial consequences of too many men
The Implementation of Preferences for Male Offspring
The very high sex ratio in rural China
Maternity migration' and the increased sex ratio at birth in Hong Kong SAR
The dynamics of the population sex ratio in India, 1971-96
Excess Female Mortality and the Balance of the Sexes in the Population
Recent Trends in Sex Ratios at Birth in China
The Changing Age Distribution of the United States
Does Fertility or Mortality Drive Contemporary Population Aging? The Revisionist View Revisited
Sources of Population Aging in More and Less Developed Countries
Causes of Male Excess Mortality
Demography, Measuring and Modeling Population Processes
An integrated approach to cause-of-death analysis
Decomposing demographic change into direct vs. compositional components
| Unique citing works | 2 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2 |
| Citation span | 2025 - 2026 (2) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 2 |