Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Individual- and party-level determinants of far-right support among women in Western Europe

Bibliographic Data

ID7771900
AuthorsTrevor J Allen (0000-0002-3127-3015, Central Connecticut State University, corresponding author), W Goodman (0000-0003-0211-985X, University of California, Irvine), Sara Wallace Goodman
Year2021
Volume13
Issue2
Pages135-150
Publication date2021-05-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEuropean Political Science Review (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1755-7739 • E-ISSN: 1755-7747
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/s1755773920000405
OpenAlexW3117834237
LanguageEN
Citations received20
References cited62

Support for Western Europe’s far-right is majority-male. However, given the sweeping success of the party family, literature on this ‘gender gap’ belies support given to the radical right by millions of women. We examine differences between men and women’s support for far-right parties, focusing on workplace experience, positions on economic and cultural issues, and features of far-right parties themselves. We find that the received scholarship on blue-collar support for far-right populists is a largely male phenomenon, and women in routine nonmanual (i.e. service, sales, and clerical) work are more likely than those in blue-collar work to support the far-right. Moreover, while men who support the far-right tend to be conservative on other moral issues, certain liberal positions predict far-right support among women, at both the voter and party level. Our analysis suggests that gender differences may obscure the socio-structural and attitudinal bases of support for far-right parties and have broader implications for comparative political behavior and gender and politics

Demographic economics · Economics · Far right · Phenomenon · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Scholarship · Sociology · Work (physics · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Gender Politics and Representation · Gender Studies · Law · Populism, Right-Wing Movements

  • Personalising feminism

    Open Access•N Guerra•Modern Italy•2026

  • Economic Stances of Ultranationalist Parties in Western Europe

    Open Access•Javier Matamoros-Becerra•methaodos revista de ciencias…•2024

  • Women’s mobilization and antifeminist discursive framings in Portugal’s far right

    Open Access•Sílvia Roque, Rita Santos et al.•Frontiers in Political Science•2026

  • Mayors as gatekeepers? Local responses to the Alternative for Germany

    Open Access•Anna-Sophie Heinze•Political Research Exchange•2026

  • From protest to piety

    Open Access•Paulina Lenik•East European Politics•2026

  • When Populists and Radicals Govern

    Open Access•Ingrid Bego•Politics & Gender•2026

  • Does far-right legislative entry affect minority candidate diversity

    Open Access•Michal Grahn, Stuart J Turnbull-Dugarte•Political Science Research and…•2026

  • Gendered issue priorities and the radical-right vote

    Open Access•Álvaro Calvo, Monica Ferrín•European Journal of Politics and…•2023

  • Democracy Dysfunctions and Citizens’ Digital Agency in Highly Contaminated Digital Information Ecosystems

    Open Access•Juan Herrero, Hazal Dilan Erdem et al.•Societies•2025

  • Demographic deepening and far right durability

    Open Access•Trevor J Allen•Comparative European Politics•2023

  • Party positions and the changing gender gap(s) in voting

    Open Access•Orit Kedar, Odelia Oshri et al.•European Union Politics•2024

  • Continuity and change

    Open Access•Sami Gul, Bonnie M Meguid•Party Politics•2026

  • Perceived inequality and populism

    Open Access•Lukas F Stoetzer, Johannes Giesecke et al.•European Journal of Political…•2025

  • Polarized Equality? Ideological and Affective Divides Over Gender Equality in Europe

    Open Access•Cyrill Otteni•Social Science Quarterly•2025

  • Backlash by Men against the Socio-Economic and Political Promotion of Women in Europe

    Open Access•Anne-Marie Parth•Social Sciences•2022

  • Reconciling National and Supranational Identities

    Open Access•Joseph Cerrone•Perspectives on Politics•2023

  • Closing the gap

    Open Access•Juliana Chueri, Anna Damerow•West European Politics•2023

  • The youth gender gap in support for the far right

    Open Access•Ðorđe Milosav, Zachary P Dickson et al.•Journal of European Public Policy•2025

  • Perceptions of Social Mobility, Gender, and Progressive Politics

    Open Access•Briitta Van Staalduinen, Delia Zollinger•Comparative Political Studies•2025

  • Income change and sympathy for right-wing populist parties in the Netherlands

    Open Access•Yoav Roll, N D De Graaf•British Journal of Sociology•2024

  • Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe

    Piero Ignazi•Extreme right parties in Western…•2003

  • Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe

    Open Access•Cas Mudde•Populist Radical Right Parties in…•2007

  • Radical Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe

    Open Access•Hans-Georg Betz, Hans‐georg Betz•Radical Right-Wing Populism in…•1994

  • Class Politics and the Radical Right

    Jens Rydgren•Class Politics and the Radical…•2012

  • Revolt on the Right

    Matthew J Goodwin, Robert A D Ford et al.•Revolt on the Right•2014

  • Political man

    Seymour Martin Lipset•Political man•1983

  • West European Politics in the Age of Globalization

    Open Access•Hanspeter Kriesi, Edgar Grande et al.•West European Politics in the Age…•2008

  • Healing from Hate

    Michael S Kimmel, Michael Kimmel•Healing from Hate•2018

  • Inside the Radical Right

    Open Access•David Art•Inside the Radical Right•2011

  • The New Minority

    Open Access•Graham K Wilson•The Forum•2017

  • Explaining the gender gap in radical right voting

    Open Access•Tim Immerzeel, H Coffe et al.•Comparative European Politics•2013

  • When Women are Right

    Phyllis L F Rippeyoung•International Feminist Journal of…•2007

  • The Gender Gap in Voting Revisited

    Simone Abendschön, Stephanie Steinmetz•Social Politics International…•2014

  • The gender gap in populist radical-right voting

    Eelco Harteveld, Wouter Van Der Brug et al.•Patterns of Prejudice•2015

  • Gender and the radical right in Western Europe

    Tjitske Akkerman•Patterns of Prejudice•2015

  • Gendering the vote for populist radical-right parties

    N Spierings, Andrei Zaslove•Patterns of Prejudice•2015

  • The European extreme-right and Islam

    José Pedro Zúquete•Journal of Political Ideologies•2008

  • The Populist Radical Right and European Integration

    Margarita Gomez-Reino, Iván Llamazares•West European Politics•2013

  • Christian Religiosity and Voting for West European Radical Right Parties

    Kai Arzheimer, Elisabeth Carter•West European Politics•2009

  • The homogeneity of West European party families

    Open Access•Laurenz Ennser-Jedenastik, Laurenz Ennser•Party Politics•2012

  • Explaining Workers' Support for Right-Wing Populist Parties in Western Europe

    Open Access•Daniel Oesch•International Political Science…•2008

  • Anti‐immigrant Parties in Europe

    Open Access•Wouter Van Der Brug, Meindert Fennema et al.•European Journal of Political…•2000

  • Extreme right‐wing voting in Western Europe

    Open Access•Marcel Lubbers, Mérove Gijsberts et al.•European Journal of Political…•2002

  • Exit to the right? Comparing far right voters and abstainers in Western Europe

    Open Access•Trevor J Allen•Electoral Studies•2017

  • Who Fears What? Explaining Far-Right-Wing Preference in Europe by Distinguishing Perceived Cultural and Economic Ethnic Threats

    Open Access•Geertje Lucassen, Marcel Lubbers•Comparative Political Studies•2012

  • What Unites Right-Wing Populists in Western Europe

    Open Access•Elisabeth Ivarsflaten•Comparative Political Studies•2008

  • Contextual Factors and the Extreme Right Vote in Western Europe, 1980–2002

    Open Access•Kai Arzheimer•American Journal of Political…•2009

  • Growth and Persistence of the Radical Right in Postindustrial Democracies

    Herbert Kitschelt•West European Politics•2007

  • Sell-Outs or Warriors for Change? A Comparative Look at Rightist, Political Women in Democracies

    Shauna Shame, Malliga Och et al.•Women & Politics•2020

  • Where Do Female Conservatives Stand? A Cross-National Analysis of the Issue Positions and Ideological Placement of Female Right-Wing Candidates

    Roosmarijn De Geus, Rosalind Shorrocks•Women & Politics•2020

  • Do Citizens Apply Gender Stereotypes to Infer Candidates' Ideological Orientations

    Jeffrey W Koch•The Journal of Politics•2000

  • Feminists and the Gender Gap

    Pamela Johnston Conover•The Journal of Politics•1988

  • Spain

    Sonia Alonso, Sonia Alonso Sáenz De Oger et al.•South European Society & Politics•2015

  • Direct and Indirect Welfare Chauvinism as Party Strategies

    Open Access•Romana Careja, Christian Elmelund-Præstekær et al.•Scandinavian Political Studies•2016

  • Exploring Gender Differences in Support for Rightist Parties

    Rosie Campbell, Silvia Erzeel•Politics & Gender•2018

  • Gender, gendered personality traits and radical right populist voting

    Open Access•Hilde Coffé•Politics•2019

  • Not So Radical After All

    Open Access•Caroline Lancaster•Political Studies•2020

  • What to Do (and Not to Do) with the Comparative Manifestos Project Data

    Open Access•Kostas Gemenis•Political Studies•2013

  • Do mainstream parties adapt to the welfare chauvinism of populist parties

    Open Access•G Schumacher, Kees Van Kersbergen•Party Politics•2016

  • A New Winning Formula

    Open Access•Sarah L De Lange•Party Politics•2007

  • Party representation across multiple issue dimensions

    Open Access•Russell J Dalton•Party Politics•2017

  • Political parties, ideology and the substantive representation of women

    Open Access•Silvia Erzeel, Karen Celis•Party Politics•2016

  • From Jean-Marie to Marine Le Pen

    Nonna Mayer•Parliamentary Affairs•2013

  • The Developmental Theory of the Gender Gap

    Open Access•Ronald Inglehart, P Norris•International Political Science…•2000

  • The impact of Populist Radical Right Parties on socio-economic policies

    Open Access•Leonce Röth, Alexandre Afonso et al.•European Political Science Review•2018

  • Where do radical right parties stand? Position blurring in multidimensional competition

    Open Access•Jan Rovny•European Political Science Review•2013

  • What unites the voter bases of populist parties? Comparing the electorates of 15 populist parties

    Open Access•Matthijs Rooduijn•European Political Science Review•2018

  • Is extreme right‐wing populism contagious? Explaining the emergence of a new party family

    Open Access•Jens Rydgren•European Journal of Political…•2005

  • Political opportunity structures and right‐wing extremist party success

    Open Access•Kai Arzheimer, Elisabeth Carter•European Journal of Political…•2006

  • Explaining The Gender Gap in Support for the New Right

    Open Access•Elisabeth Gidengil, Matthew Hennigar et al.•Comparative Political Studies•2005

  • The Radical Right Gender Gap

    Open Access•Terri E Givens•Comparative Political Studies•2004

  • Random Walk or Planned Excursion? Continuity and Change in the Left–Right Positions of Political Parties

    Open Access•Russell J Dalton, I Mcallister•Comparative Political Studies•2015

  • Roots of the Radical Right

    Open Access•Justin Gest, Tyler T Reny et al.•Comparative Political Studies•2018

  • Why Women Avoid the Radical Right

    Open Access•Eelco Harteveld, Elisabeth Ivarsflaten•British Journal of Political…•2018

  • Gender Differences in Vote Choice

    Open Access•Eelco Harteveld, Stefan Dahlberg et al.•British Journal of Political…•2019

  • In the wake of radical right electoral success

    Andrea Bohman, Mikael Hjerm•New Community•2016

Unique citing works20
Citations per year5
Citation span2022 - 2026 (5)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 20

Tools

Open DOIOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae