Development and evaluation of the Internalized Racism in Asian Americans Scale (Iraas)

Bibliographic Data

ID8064481
AuthorsAndrew Young Choi (0000-0002-9560-1022, corresponding author), Tania Israel (0000-0001-9610-9390), Hotaka Maeda (0009-0000-9498-786X)
Year2017
Volume64
Issue1
Pages52-64
Publication date2017-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Counseling Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-0167 • E-ISSN: 1939-2168
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1037/cou0000183
PMID28068131
OpenAlexW2570212611
LanguageEN
Citations received47
References cited20

This article presents the development and psychometric evaluation of the Internalized Racism in Asian Americans Scale (IRAAS), which was designed to measure the degree to which Asian Americans internalized hostile attitudes and negative messages targeted toward their racial identity. Items were developed on basis of prior literature, vetted through expert feedback and cognitive interviews, and administered to 655 Asian American participants through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Exploratory factor analysis with a random subsample (n = 324) yielded a psychometrically robust preliminary measurement model consisting of 3 factors: Self-Negativity, Weakness Stereotypes, and Appearance Bias. Confirmatory factor analysis with a separate subsample (n = 331) indicated that the proposed correlated factors model was strongly consistent with the observed data. Factor determinacies were high and demonstrated that the specified items adequately measured their intended factors. Bifactor modeling further indicated that this multidimensionality could be univocally represented for the purpose of measurement, including the use of a mean total score representing a single continuum of internalized racism on which individuals vary. The IRAAS statistically predicted depressive symptoms, and demonstrated statistically significant correlations in theoretically expected directions with four dimensions of collective self-esteem. These results provide initial validity evidence supporting the use of the IRAAS to measure aspects of internalized racism in this population. Limitations and research implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record

Confirmatory factor analysis · Developmental psychology · Exploratory factor analysis · MEDLINE · Population · Psychometrics · PsycINFO · Racism · Scale (ratio · Structural equation modeling · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Clinical Psychology · Demography · Social Psychology

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