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Kant on Empirical Self-Consciousness

Bibliographic Data

ID8084757
AuthorsJanum Sethi (0000-0002-6396-1541, University of Michigan, corresponding author)
Year2021
Volume102
Issue1
Pages79-99
Publication date2021-07-22
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAustralasian Journal of Philosophy (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0004-8402 • E-ISSN: 1470-6828
PublisherRoutledge (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/00048402.2021.1948083
OpenAlexW3183595954
LanguageEN
Citations received7
References cited44

Kant is said to be the first to distinguish between consciousness of oneself as the subject of one’s experiences and consciousness of oneself as an object, which he calls transcendental and empirical apperception, respectively. Of these, it is empirical apperception that is meant to enable consciousness of any empirical features of oneself; what this amounts to, however, continues to puzzle interpreters. I argue that a key to understanding what empirical apperception consists in is Kant’s claim that each type of apperception corresponds to a distinct type of unity of apperception—that is, a distinct way in which representations can be related for a subject. Whereas transcendental unity of apperception requires that representations be actively combined by the understanding, empirical unity of apperception obtains when representations are passively combined by the reproductive imagination. In light of this, I develop a novel account of Kant’s two types of apperception, according to which they correspond to a cognitive subject’s consciousness of two essential aspects of herself—namely, her spontaneity and receptivity

Apperception · Consciousness · Empirical research · Epistemology · Linguistics · Object (grammar · Psychoanalysis · Self · Self-consciousness · Subject (documents · Transcendental number · Computer Science · Hannah Arendt's Political Philosophy · Philosophical Ethics and Theory · Political Philosophy and Ethics · Psychology · Philosophy

  • Epistemological and socio-cultural modalities of self-consciousness in Kant

    Open Access•Andrey Ivanovich Shutenko, Elena Nikolaevna Shutenko•XLinguae•2024

  • Kant on Pure Apperception and Indeterminate Empirical Inner Intuition

    Open Access•Yibin Liang•Ergo an Open Access Journal of…•2024

  • Sartre, Kant, and the spontaneity of mind

    Open Access•Dimitris Apostolopoulos•European Journal of Philosophy•2024

  • Three grades of self involvement and the deduction of objectivity in The Practical Self

    Gurpreet Rattan•Inquiry•2025

  • Kant on Given Empirical Concepts, Judgments of Perception, and the Genesis of Experience

    Open Access•Maximilian Edwards•Archiv für Geschichte der…•2026

  • Précis of Kant on Self-Knowledge and Self-Formation and Replies to Critics

    Open Access•Karl Kraus, Katharina T Kraus•Kantian Review•2022

  • Seeing More

    Samantha Matherne•Seeing More•2024

  • Kant's transcendental idealism

    Henry E Allison•Kant's transcendental idealism•1983

  • Kant on Empirical Psychology

    Thomas Sturm•Kant and the sciences•2001

  • Kant’s Transcendental Idealism

    Henry E Allison•Kant’s Transcendental Idealism•2004

  • Kant and the Claims of Knowledge

    Open Access•Paul Guyer•Kant and the Claims of Knowledge•1987

  • A Treatise of Human Nature

    David Hume, David Fate Norton et al.•David Hume : A Treatise Of Human…•1739

  • On K ant's Conception of Inner Sense

    Open Access•Friederike Schmitz•European Journal of Philosophy•2015

  • Kant and the Mind

    Open Access•Andrew Brook•Kant and the Mind•1994

  • Empirical Consciousness Explained

    Open Access•Corey W Dyck•Kantian Review•2006

  • Kant and the Capacity to Judge

    Béatrice Longuenesse, Charles T Wolfe•Kant and the Capacity to Judge•1998

  • Kant and the scientific study of consciousness

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  • Kant on the place of cognition in the progression of our representations

    Open Access•Clinton Tolley•Synthese•2020

  • Kant on Self-Consciousness

    Patricia Kitcher•The Philosophical Review•1999

  • Two Kinds of Self‐Knowledge

    Open Access•Matthew Boyle•Philosophy and Phenomenological…•2008

  • "Kant on the Impossibility of the "Soft Sciences

    Abhaya Nayak, Abhaya C Nayak et al.•Philosophy and Phenomenological…•1995

  • Kant's Theory of Mental Activity

    William H Baumer, Robert Paul Wolff•Philosophy and Phenomenological…•1964

  • Kant’s Transcendental Deduction

    Open Access•Robert Howell, Robert J Howell et al.•Kant's Transcendental Deduction•1992

  • Two Kinds of Unity in the Critique of Pure Reason

    Colin Mclear•Journal of the history of…•2015

  • Kant and the philosophy of mind

    Matthew C Altman•British Journal for the History…•2018

  • Kant‘s Transcendental Psychology

    Patricia Kitcher•Kant's transcendental psychology•1990

  • The Bounds of Sense

    P F Strawson, Peter Strawson•Bounds of Sense•2018

  • Kant on the Unity of Space and the Synthetic Unity of Apperception

    James Messina•Kant-Studien•2014

  • On the Transcendental Freedom of the Intellect

    Open Access•Colin Mclear•Ergo an Open Access Journal of…•2020

  • Spontaneity and Self-Consciousness in the Groundwork and the B- Critique

    Open Access•Yoon Choi, Yoon Hyung Choi•Canadian Journal of Philosophy•2019

  • Kant’s Thinker

    Patricia Kitcher•Kant's thinker•2011

  • Kant's Theory of Mind

    Karl Ameriks•Kant's theory of mind•2000

Unique citing works7
Citations per year1,75
Citation span2022 - 2026 (5)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 6

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