Racialized Health Inequities
Quantifying Socioeconomic and Stress Pathways Using Moderated Mediation
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8094097 |
|---|---|
| Authors | T H Brown (0000-0002-0979-0622, Duke University, corresponding author), T W Hargrove (0000-0002-8759-1944, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), P Homan (0000-0003-3609-8188, Florida State University), Daniel E Adkins (0000-0003-3683-6793, University of Utah) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 60 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 675-705 |
| Publication date | 2023-05-23 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Demography (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0070-3370 • E-ISSN: 1533-7790 |
| Publisher | Springer Science+Business Media (PUBLISHER • DE) |
| DOI | 10.1215/00703370-10740718 |
| PMID | 37218993 |
| OpenAlex | W4377563964 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 19 |
| References cited | 104 |
Racism drives population health inequities by shaping the unequal distribution of key social determinants of health, such as socioeconomic resources and exposure to stressors. Research on interrelationships among race, socioeconomic resources, stressors, and health has proceeded along two lines that have largely remained separate: one examining differential effects of socioeconomic resources and stressors on health across racialized groups (moderation processes), and the other examining the role of socioeconomic resources and stressors in contributing to racial inequities in health (mediation processes). We conceptually and analytically integrate these areas using race theory and a novel moderated mediation approach to path analysis to formally quantify the extent to which an array of socioeconomic resources and stressors-collectively and individually-mediate racialized health inequities among a sample of older adults from the Health and Retirement Study. Our results yield theoretical contributions by showing how the socioeconomic status-health gradient and stress processes are racialized (24% of associations examined varied by race), substantive contributions by quantifying the extent of moderated mediation of racial inequities (approximately 70%) and the relative importance of various social factors, and methodological contributions by showing how commonly used simple mediation approaches that ignore racialized moderation processes overestimate-by between 5% and 30%-the collective roles of socioeconomic status and stressors in accounting for racial inequities in health
Environmental health · Health equity · Mediation · Moderated mediation · Moderation · Population · Population health · Public health · Race (biology · Race and health · Social determinants of health · Socioeconomic status · Sociology · Stressor · Clinical Psychology · Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations · Gender Studies · Health disparities and outcomes · Medicine · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social Psychology · Gerontology
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State-Level Paid Sick Leave Policies and Population Mental Health during the Covid-19 Pandemic in the United States
It's about time
Financial assets and cardiometabolic risk in early adulthood
Racialized heteropatriarchy, sexual minority status, and cardiometabolic risk among Black and White young adult women
Race, Network Socioeconomic Status, and Health
Racism Counterfactuals in Health Research
I’m Black and I’m Stressed”
Life course exposure to work strain and cognitive disparities by race and ethnicity
Everyday Discrimination in Young Adulthood and Depressive Symptoms at Early Midlife
Stress Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease Risk among US Black Women
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Functional Limitations Among U.S.-born Older Adults
Patterns and Life Course Determinants of Black–White Disparities in Biological Age Acceleration
Unequal Exposure to Occupational Stress across the Life Course
Breathing unequal air
Goal-Striving Stress and Bodily Pain among Working-Age Black and White Americans
Racial Capitalism and Black-White Health Inequities in the United States
Structural Racism and Health Stratification
Racial/ethnic differences in living arrangements, distant relations, and later-life mental health
Perspectives on social problems
American apartheid
The Quality of American Life
Modeling Contextual Effects in Longitudinal Studies
Latent Variable Models
A Descriptive Epidemiology of Lifetime Trauma and the Physical Health Status of Older Adults.
Is Resilience Only Skin Deep?
Mass incarceration, public health, and widening inequality in the USA
College completion predicts lower depression but higher metabolic syndrome among disadvantaged minorities in young adulthood
Self-Reported Experiences of Discrimination and Health
Allostatic load biomarkers of chronic stress and impact on health and cognition
Inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases in organs
Racial/Ethnic and Nativity Differences in Cognitive Life Expectancies Among Older Adults in the United States
The Increasing Predictive Validity of Self-Rated Health
Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span
Chronic stress burden, discrimination, and subclinical carotid artery disease in African American and Caucasian women.
Allostatic load as a marker of cumulative biological risk
Racism and Health
Structural racism and health inequities in the USA
A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects.
Mediation Analysis
Structural Equations with Latent Variables
Rich Democracies, Poor People
Dying of Whiteness
Empirical evidence on structural racism as a driver of racial inequities in Covid-19 mortality
The Philadelphia Negro
Racial Formation in the United States
Understanding Health Disparities
Addressing Moderated Mediation Hypotheses
Racial Stratification, Immigration, and Health Inequality
Moving on Up? Neighborhood Status and Racism-Related Distress among Black Americans
Assessing the Validity of Self-rated Health Across Ethnic Groups
Do rising tides lift all boats? Racial disparities in health across the lifecourse among middle-class African-Americans and Whites
Racial Non-equivalence of Socioeconomic Status and Self-rated Health among African Americans and Whites
Self-Rated Health and Mortality
Neighborhood Cohesion, Disorder, and Physical Function in Older Adults
Evolving Self-Rated Health in Middle and Old Age
Disentangling the Stress Process
Hispanic Paradox in Biological Risk Profiles
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Hypertension Prevalence
The relationships between major lifetime discrimination, everyday discrimination, and mental health in three racial and ethnic groups of older adults
Under the Skin
Structural Racism
Methods for the Scientific Study of Discrimination and Health
A Life Course Perspective on How Racism May Be Related to Health Inequities
Improving The Measurement Of Structural Racism To Achieve Antiracist Health Policy
Perceived Discrimination and Mortality in a Population-Based Study of Older Adults
Status Variations in Stress Exposure
Critical race theory
Comparing Regression Coefficients Between Same-sample Nested Models Using Logit and Probit
Health Disparities due to Diminished Return among Black Americans
Childhood adversity and adult health
The effects of whiteness on the health of whites in the USA
Doing Race
Life course determinants of racial and ethnic disparities in functional health trajectories
Racial Differences in Physical and Mental Health
Rethinking Racism
What is self-rated health and why does it predict mortality? Towards a unified conceptual model
The role of socioeconomic factors in Black-White health inequities across the life course
Race, life course socioeconomic position, racial discrimination, depressive symptoms and self-rated health
The Significance of Socioeconomic Status in Explaining the Racial Gap in Chronic Health Conditions
Childhood Disadvantage and Health Problems in Middle and Later Life
Racism and Health I
Life course SES and cardiovascular risk
The Social Psychological Costs of Racial Segmentation in the Workplace
Mental Health Outcomes of Discrimination among College Students on a Predominately White Campus
A Critical and Comprehensive Sociological Theory of Race and Racism
The Racism-Race Reification Process
Structural Gendered Racism Revealed in Pandemic Times
Racial Discrimination, John Henryism, and Depression Among African Americans
Direct and Indirect Effects in Linear Structural Equation Models
Structural Racism and Quantitative Causal Inference
Structural Intersectionality as a New Direction for Health Disparities Research
Striving While Black
Longer-but Harder-Lives
Stress and the Mental Health of Populations of Color
Using Multiple-hierarchy Stratification and Life Course Approaches to Understand Health Inequalities
Multiple Disadvantaged Statuses and Health
Is Discrimination an Equal Opportunity Risk
Stress and Health
Social Conditions as Fundamental Causes of Health Inequalities
Research in Mental Health
Stress, Health, and the Life Course
Racial and Ethnic Stratification in Educational Achievement and Attainment
The 'Burden' of Oppositional Culture Among Black Youth in America
Is Racism a Fundamental Cause of Inequalities in Health
The Race Discrimination System
Family Structure, Risks, and Racial Stratification in Poverty
Structural Racism and Health Inequities
Racial Disparities in Health
Can't Buy Me Whiteness
Association Between Stressful Life Events and Depression; Intersection of Race and Gender
Diverging Fortunes
| Unique citing works | 19 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 6,33 |
| Citation span | 2023 - 2026 (4) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 19 |