Health Disparities due to Diminished Return among Black Americans
Public Policy Solutions
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 5769366 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Assari (0000-0002-5054-6250, University of Michigan, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2018 |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 112-145 |
| Publication date | 2018-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Social Issues and Policy Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1751-2395 • E-ISSN: 1751-2409 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1111/sipr.12042 |
| OpenAlex | W2782963621 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 156 |
| References cited | 167 |
There are persistent and pervasive disparities in the health of Black people compared to non-Hispanic Whites in the United States. There are many reasons for this gap; this article explores the role of "Blacks' diminished gain" as a mechanism behind racial health disparities. Diminished gain is a phenomenon wherein the health effects of certain socioeconomic resources and psychological assets are systematically smaller for Blacks compared to Whites. These patterns are robust, with similar findings across different resources, assets, outcomes, settings, cohorts, and age groups. However, the role of diminished gain as a main contributing mechanism to racial health disparities has been historically overlooked. This article reviews the research literature on diminished gain and discusses possible causes for it, such as the societal barriers created by structural racism. Policy solutions that may reduce Blacks' diminished gain are discussed
Demographic economics · Development economics · Economics · Environmental health · Health equity · Inequality · Mechanism (biology · Phenomenon · Political science · Population · Public health · Race (biology · Racism · Socioeconomic status · Sociology · Employment and Welfare Studies · Gender Studies · Health disparities and outcomes · Medicine · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Gerontology
An Oasis of Equality? Race and Stress on the MTurk Platform
Diminished Returns of Neighborhood Cohesion for Self-rated Health Across Racial and Ethnic Groups Among Working-age Adults in the United States
Sleep duration and sleep problems in non-Hispanic Black adults
Racial Differences in the Association Between School Quality and Adult Health
Place-Based Diminished Returns of Parental Educational Attainment on School Performance of Non-Hispanic White Youth
Healthcare outcomes for unsheltered persons experiencing homelessness using a street medicine model of care
Latinos’ diminished returns of educational attainment on reducing food insecurity
Sponge city construction and population health
Trends in prevalence, health disparities, and early detection of dementia
Mathematical Performance of American Youth
Use of Legal Appearance- and Performance-Enhancing Drugs and Substances
Consideration of Contextual Factors in Understanding Treatment-Seeking for Hazardous Substance Use
Partnership and Insomnia Status Among Mothers
Correlates of Recreational and Medicinal Cannabis Use Among Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic Men with Chronic Conditions
Early-Life Adversity and the Age of Smoking and Drinking Initiation
Race Disparities in Hypertension Prevalence Among Older Men
Education and polypharmacy
Black-White differences in perceived lifetime discrimination by education and income in the Midus Study in the U.S
Relationship quality and educational attainment links to development of cardiometabolic morbidity and multimorbidity across middle adulthood
Social Determinants of Anxiety, Worry, and Depression Among Adults in Detroit
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Diminished Return of Employment on Ever Smoking Among Hispanic Whites in Los Angeles
State Minimum Wage Increases As a Potential Policy Lever to Reduce Black–White Disparities in Hypertension
Social Relationships and Mental Health Disparities by Race/Ethnicity in Late-middle-age and Older Adulthood
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Media Framing of Covid-19 Racial Disparities
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Reported Racial Discrimination in Healthcare Settings and Impacts on Health Outcomes in a Racially Diverse Sample in the United States
The Association Between Structural and Social Determinants of Health and Mood Disorder Symptoms Among Black Adults in the Greater St. Louis Metropolitan Area
Black Americans’ Diminished Return of Educational Attainment on Tobacco Use in Baltimore City
The Strong Black Woman Archetype and Therapeutic Outcomes
Covid-19, Police Violence, and Educational Disruption
White Students’ Perceptions of the Costs and Consequences of Being Black
Parental Educational Attainment and Social Environment of Urban Public Schools in the U.S
African Americans’ Diminished Returns of Parental Education on Adolescents’ Depression and Suicide in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
Educational Attainment Better Reduces Disability for Non-Hispanic than Hispanic Americans
Theories for Race and Gender Differences in Management of Social Identity-Related Stressors
Arab, Middle Eastern, and North African Health Disparities Research
Intergenerational mobility, race, and allostatic load
Intersecting race/ethnicity and gender in physiological dysregulation profiles and associations with socioeconomic status among older adults in the United States
The politics hypothesis and racial disparities in infants’ health in the United States
Black/white differences in the relationship between debt and risk of heart attack across cohorts
African American Children’s Diminished Returns of Subjective Family Socioeconomic Status on Fun Seeking
Family Income Reduces Risk of Obesity for White but Not Black Children
Social Determinants of Perceived Discrimination among Black Youth
Parental Educational Attainment, the Superior Temporal Cortical Surface Area, and Reading Ability among American Children
Feasibility of Race by Sex Intersectionality Research on Suicidality in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
Minorities’ Diminished Returns of Parental Educational Attainment on Adolescents’ Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Problems
Family Socioeconomic Status and Exposure to Childhood Trauma
Family Socioeconomic Status at Birth and Youth Impulsivity at Age 15; Blacks’ Diminished Return
Subjective Family Socioeconomic Status and Adolescents’ Attention
Family Income at Birth and Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder at Age 15
Parental Educational Attainment and Chronic Medical Conditions among American Youth; Minorities’ Diminished Returns
Diminished Returns of Parental Education in Terms of Youth School Performance
Changes in Depressive Symptoms, Physical Symptoms, and Sleep-Wake Problems From Before to During the Covid-19 Pandemic Among Emerging Adults
African Americans’ lived experiences with serious mental illness and cardiovascular disease
Diminished Health Returns of Educational Attainment Among Immigrant Adults in the United States
Immigration Status, Socioeconomic Status, and Self-Rated Health in Europe
Unequal Associations between Educational Attainment and Occupational Stress across Racial and Ethnic Groups
Immigration Status, Educational Level, and Perceived Discrimination in Europe
Unequal Protective Effects of Parental Educational Attainment on the Body Mass Index of Black and White Youth
Educational Attainment and Smoking Status in a National Sample of American Adults; Evidence for the Blacks’ Diminished Return
Race and Ethnic Differences in the Protective Effect of Parental Educational Attainment on Subsequent Perceived Tobacco Norms among US Youth
Work as a Social Determinant of Racial Health Inequalities
Race, Family Conflict and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors among 9–10-Year-Old American Children
Differential associations between education and blood pressure by gender and race
Above chaos, quest, and restitution
Race/Ethnicity and Sex as Moderators of the Associations of Working Hours, Income, and Education with Fast-food Consumption in the US
The Role of Financial Strain and Educational Attainment on Smoking Abstinence of African Americans and Whites Who Smoke
Parental socioeconomic status and adolescent development in Indonesia
Parents’ Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Children’s Cognitive Performance
Family Income and Gang Presence in the Neighborhood
Household Wealth and Child Body Mass Index
Discrimination and Multimorbidity Among Older Adults
Racial and Social Inequities in Weathering
Racial Variation in the Association between Educational Attainment and Self-Rated Health
Social Determinants of Physical Self-Rated Health among Asian Americans; Comparison of Six Ethnic Groups
Weaker Association Between Financial Security and Health in the Global South
Racism and the mechanisms maintaining racial stratification in Black families
Does the Association Between Educational Attainment and Cognition Differ Between Indigenous Language Speakers and Non-Indigenous Language Speakers in Mexico
Informal and Formal Social Integration Shape Eating and Drinking of Older Black and White Americans
Intersecting Early-Life Selection Mechanisms
Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Relationship Between Neighborhood Environment and Physical Activity Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Childhood neighborhoods and health
Exposure to neighborhood poverty from adolescence through emerging adulthood and sleep duration in US adults
Blacks’ Diminished Health Return of Family Structure and Socioeconomic Status; 15 Years of Follow-up of a National Urban Sample of Youth
Race, Gender, and Socioeconomic Variations in C-Reactive Protein Using the Health and Retirement Study
Perspectives on the Strong Black Woman Schema Based on SES Among Black Women
Sociodemographic risk, school engagement, and community characteristics
Differences by ethnicity in the association between unpaid caring and health trajectories over 10 years in the UK Household Longitudinal Study
Structural racism, racial inequities and urban–rural differences in infant mortality in the US
Co‐Occurring Youth Profiles of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Protective Factors
Mental health of urban Black women experiencing intimate partner violence since the start of the Covid‐19 pandemic
An evaluation of My Strengths Training for LifeTM for improving resilience and well‐being of young people experiencing homelessness
Church support networks of African Americans
State-Level Sexism and Women’s Health Care Access in the United States
Skin Tone and the Health Returns to Higher Status
The Benefits of Rental Assistance for Children's Health and School Attendance in the United States
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The Increasing Disparity in Mortality between Socioeconomic Groups in the United States, 1960 and 1986
The health gap
Defining and redirecting a school‐to‐prison pipeline
National Trends in Educational Differentials in Mortality
Psychosocial Factors and Cardiovascular Diseases
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Birth Outcomes
Aging in Minority Populations an Examination of the Double Jeopardy Hypothesis
School Quality and Black-White Relative Earnings
Discrimination, Racial Bias, and Telomere Length in African-American Men
Socioeconomic Status and Health in Blacks and Whites
Race or class versus race and class
Eight Americas
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Socioeconomic Status, John Henryism, and Hypertension in Blacks and Whites
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Unequal Gain of Equal Resources across Racial Groups
Self-Reported Experiences of Discrimination and Cardiovascular Disease
Structural racism and health inequities in the USA
Rising morbidity and mortality in midlife among white non-Hispanic Americans in the 21st century
The bell curve
Black Power
The Color of Credit
Eliminating Racism
Understanding associations among race, socioeconomic status, and health
Racial Disparities in the Health Benefits of Educational Attainment
Depressive Symptoms and Mortality Risk in a National Sample
The Black–White Paradox in Health
US Socioeconomic and Racial Differences in Health
Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Health
John Henryism and the health of African-Americans
Jedi public health
Chronic Medical Conditions and Negative Affect; Racial Variation in Reciprocal Associations Over Time
What types of interventions generate inequalities? Evidence from systematic reviews
Gender Differences in Longitudinal Links between Neighborhood Fear, Parental Support, and Depression among African American Emerging Adults
Masculinity as a moderator of discrimination and parenting on depressive symptoms and drinking behaviors among nonresident African-American fathers
Blacks’ Diminished Health Return of Family Structure and Socioeconomic Status; 15 Years of Follow-up of a National Urban Sample of Youth
Disentangling Race and Socioeconomic Status
The Impact of Occupation on Self-Rated Health
Church-Based Social Support and Health in Old Age
You Do What You See
Resilience Among Urban African American Male Adolescents
Childhood Socioeconomic Position and Disability in Later Life
Temporal trends in the socioeconomic gradient for breast cancer mortality among US women
Race and Unhealthy Behaviors
Why did black life expectancy decline from 1984 through 1989 in the United States
Racial and Socioeconomic Status Differences in Depressive Symptoms Among Black and White Youth
Framing African American Students' Success and Failure in Urban Settings
Overrepresentation of African American Students in Exclusionary Discipline The Role of School Policy
Education as “the Great Equalizer”
The Role of Values in Predicting Fairness Judgments and Support of Affirmative Action
The Rhetoric and Reality of Gap Closing
Dropping out of High School
The Relationships among Vigilant Coping Style, Race, and Depression
Racial Discrimination in Health Care Is Associated with Worse Glycemic Control among Black Men but Not Black Women with Type 2 Diabetes
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Perceived Discrimination and Mortality in a Population-Based Study of Older Adults
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Racial Wage Inequality
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Racism and Health II
Racism and Health I
Gender and the Socioeconomic Gradient in Mortality
Race, Cultural Capital, and Educational Resources
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A New Perspective on the Relationships Among Race, Social Class, and Psychological Distress
Psychological Distress among Black and White Americans
Status Inequalities, Perceived Discrimination, and Eudaimonic Well-Being
Fictive Kin as Social Capital in New Immigrant Communities
The Making of the Black Middle Class
Health in the African American Community
Racial Discrimination, John Henryism, and Depression Among African Americans
Race-Ethnicity, Poverty, Urban Stressors, and Telomere Length in a Detroit Community-based Sample
Multiple Disadvantaged Statuses and Health
Miles to Go before We Sleep
Race-Ethnicity and Health Trajectories
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Effects of Goal-Striving Stress on the Mental Health of Black Americans
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| Unique citing works | 156 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 17,33 |
| Citation span | 2017 - 2026 (10) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 152 |