Mechanical implications of chimpanzee positional behavior
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8312907 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Kevin D Hunt (0000-0001-7760-4361, Indiana University Bloomington, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1991 |
| Volume | 86 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 521-536 |
| Publication date | 1991-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Journal of Physical Anthropology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0002-9483 • E-ISSN: 1096-8644 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1002/ajpa.1330860408 |
| PMID | 1776659 |
| OpenAlex | W2107940961 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 83 |
| References cited | 76 |
Mechanical hypotheses concerning the function of chimpanzee anatomical specializations are examined in light of recent positional behavior data. Arm‐hanging was the only common chimpanzee positional behavior that required full abduction of the humerus, and vertical climbing was the only distinctive chimpanzee positional behavior that required forceful retraction of the humerus and flexion of the elbow. Some elements of the chimpanzee anatomy, including an abductible humerus, a broad thorax, a cone‐shaped torso, and a long, narrow scapula, are hypothesized to be a coadapted functional complex that reduces muscle action and structural fatigue during arm‐hanging. Large muscles that retract the humerus (latissimus dorsi and probably sternocostal pectoralis major and posterior deltoid) and flex the elbow (biceps brachii, probably brachialis and brachioradialis) are argued to be adaptations to vertical climbing alone. A large ulnar excursion of the manus and long, curved metacarpals and phalanges are interpreted as adaptations to gripping vertical weight‐bearing structures during vertical climbing and arm‐hanging. A short torso, an iliac origin of the latissimus dorsi, and large muscles for arm‐raising (caudal serratus, teres minor, cranial trapezius, and probably anterior deltoid and clavicular pectoralis major) are interpreted as adaptations to both climbing and unimanual suspension
Acromion · Biceps · Biology · Climbing · Deltoid curve · Elbow · Humerus · Olecranon · Rib cage · Rotator cuff · Scapula · Torso · Anatomy · Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior · Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience · Medicine · Primate Behavior and Ecology
Uplifted Head, Free Hands, and the Evolution of Human Walking
Comparative and functional anatomy of phalanges in Nacholapithecus kerioi , a Middle Miocene hominoid from northern Kenya
Muscle architecture of the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)
Morphological study of the anthropoid thoracic cage
Sex differences in the vertebral column of gombe chimpanzees
Rib orientation and implications for orthograde positional behavior in nonhuman anthropoids
Social rank and body size as determinants of positional behavior inPan troglodytes
Feeding in Forest Chimpanzees
Quantitative Study of Elbow Ligaments in Modern Humans ( Homo sapiens ) and Common Chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes )
Postcranial and Locomotor Adaptations of Hominoids
Postcranial and Locomotor Adaptations of Hominoids
Postcranial and Locomotor Adaptations of Hominoids
Hominin origins and evolution during the Neogene
Early Hominins
Human evolution
Endurance running and the evolution of Homo
A review of trabecular bone functional adaptation
The Upper Limb of Australopithecus sediba
The hand of Homo naledi
Australopithecus afarensis Scapular Ontogeny, Function, and the Role of Climbing in Human Evolution
The Running-Fighting Dichotomy and the Evolution of Aggression in Hominids
The Shoulder Girdle of KSD-VP-1/1
Conclusion
The Thoracic Cage of KSD-VP-1/1
Positional behavior in the Hominoidea
Broken fingers
Shape analysis of the proximal humerus in orthograde and semi‐orthograde primates
Origin of human bipedalism
Parallel evolution in the hominoid trunk and forelimb
Arm-Swinging in the Red-Shanked Douc (Pygathrix nemaeus)
Interspecific and Ontogenetic Variation in Proximal Pedal Phalangeal Curvature of Great Apes (Gorilla gorilla, Pan troglodytes, and Pongo pygmaeus)
Neck function in early hominins and suspensory primates
Unexpected terrestrial hand posture diversity in wild mountain gorillas
Torso morphology and locomotion in Proconsul nyanzae
Trabecular architecture in the thumb of Pan and Homo
Trabecular architecture and joint loading of the proximal humerus in extant hominoids, Ateles , and Australopithecus africanus
Orangutan positional behavior and the nature of arboreal locomotion in Hominoidea
Ontogeny of the hominoid scapula
Within arm's reach
Three‐dimensional anatomy of the anthropoid bony pelvis
Standing on the shoulders of apes
Telemetered electromyography of the supinators and pronators of the forearm in gibbons and chimpanzees
Investigating the form-function interface in African apes
The range of passive arm circumduction in primates
Nonhuman Primate Locomotion
Trabecular variation in the first metacarpal and manipulation in hominids
Evolution of the hominoid scapula and its implications for earliest hominid locomotion
Quantifying phalangeal curvature
Postural strategies employed by orangutans ( Pongo abelii ) during feeding in the terminal branch niche
Three‐dimensional geometric morphometric analysis of the distal radius insertion sites of the palmar radiocarpal ligaments in hominoid primates
Bilateral asymmetry in the limb bones of the chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes )
Comparison of instantaneous and locomotor bout sampling methods
Brief communication
Locomotor ecology of wild orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus abelii) in the Gunung Leuser Ecosystem, Sumatra, Indonesia
D‐kinematics of vertical climbing in hominoids
Comparison of hand use and forelimb posture during vertical climbing in mountain gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei ) and chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes )
Effects of ontogeny and sexual dimorphism on scapula morphology in the mountain gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla beringel )
Biomechanical and taxonomic diversity in the Early Pleistocene in East Africa
Climbing and the daily energy cost of locomotion in wild chimpanzees
Biomechanics of phalangeal curvature
Pierolapithecus and the functional morphology of Miocene ape hand phalanges
Scapula form and biomechanics in gorillas
New Sivapithecus postcranial specimens from the Siwaliks of Pakistan
Locomotor and postural development of wild chimpanzees
Practice makes perfect
Trabecular architecture of the capitate and third metacarpal through ontogeny in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and gorillas (Gorilla gorilla)
Odd-nosed monkey scapular morphology converges on that of arm-swinging apes
Trabecular bone patterning across the human hand
Knuckle-walking in Sahelanthropus? Locomotor inferences from the ulnae of fossil hominins and other hominoids
Knuckle-walking in Sivapithecus? The combined effects of homology and homoplasy with possible implications for pongine dispersals
Behavioral and phylogenetic correlates of limb length proportions in extant apes and monkeys
Reduced limb integration characterizes primate clades with diverse locomotor adaptations
Rotator cuff muscle size and the interpretation of scapular shape in primates
Great ape thorax and shoulder configuration-An adaptation for arboreality or knuckle-walking
Phylogenetic comparative analysis of suspensory adaptations in primates
Scapular shape of extant hominoids and the African ape/modern human last common ancestor
The cervical spine of Australopithecus sediba
Strength properties of extant hominoid hallucal and pollical metapodials
The pectoral girdle of StW 573 ('Little Foot') and its implications for shoulder evolution in the Hominina
Climbing, brachiation, and terrestrial quadrupedalism
Interlimb coordination, gait, and neural control of quadrupedalism in chimpanzees
Positional behavior and vertebral morphology in atelines and cebines
Cercopithecid locomotion, support use, and support availability in the Tai Forest, Ivory Coast
The Locomotor Behavior of Pan paniscus in the Lomako Forest
Feeding Ecology of the Pygmy Chimpanzees (Pan paniscus) of Wamba
Quantitative and functional studies on the hands of the anthropoidea. I. The Hominoidea
Pads and Claws in Arboreal Locomotion
Functional Adaptations in the Primate Shoulder Girdle
Body Size and Skeletal Allometry in African Apes
The Analysis of Primate Evolution With Particular Reference to the Origin of Man
Body Size and Scaling of Limb Proportions in Primates
The musculature of the primate shoulder
A Mechanical Interpretation of Terminal Branch Feeding
EMG of scapulohumeral muscles in the chimpanzee during reaching and “arboreal” locomotion
Knuckle-Walking and the Problem of Human Origins
Characters Common to Higher Primates and Characters Specific for Man
Hunterian Lectures on Man's Posture
The Riddle of Man's Ancestry
Primate Adaptation and Evolution
Positional behavior of female bornean orangutans ( Pongo pygmaeus )
Ancestors
Positional behavior in the Hominoidea
Anatomy of the hominoid wrist joint
Preliminary electromyographical analysis of brachiation in gibbon and spider monkey
Evolution of the human foot
Morphometric analysis of the distal humerus of some cenozoic catarrhines
Effects of sexual dimorphism in body size on feeding postural behavior of Sumatran orangutans ( Pongo pygmaeus )
Electromyography of pongid shoulder muscles. III. Quadrupedal positional behavior
The lorisiform wrist joint and the evolution of “brachiating” adaptations in the hominoidea
An electromyographic study of serratus anterior in atelines and Alouatta
Osteological features characterizing the wrists of monkeys and apes, with a reconsideration of this region in Dryopithecus (Proconsul) africanus
Electromyography of knuckle‐walking
Locomotor behavior of Pan paniscus in Zaire
An electromyographic study of the pectoralis major in Atelines and Hylobates , with special reference to the Evolution of a pars clavicularis
Evolution of the pectoral girdle and fore limb in the Primates
Electromyography of pongid shoulder muscles. II. Deltoid, rhomboid and “rotator cuff”
The functional morphology of the primate shoulder as revealed by comparative anatomical, osteometric and discriminant function techniques
Brachiating adaptations of chimpanzee upper limb musculature
The hominoid wrist joint
Comparative and functional morphology of hominoid fingers
Telemetered electromyography of flexor digitorum profundus and flexor digitorum superficialis in Pan troglodytes and implications for interpretation of the O. H. 7 hand
Electromyography of brachial muscles in Pan gorilla and hominoid evolution
Electromyography of brachial muscles in Pan troglodytes and Pongo pygmaeus
Form of hand and foot in primates
Morphometric affinities of the human shoulder
EMG of serratus anterior and trapezius in the chimpanzee
Positional behavior of Pan troglodytes in the Mahale Mountains and Gombe Stream National Parks, Tanzania
The posture of the great ape hand in locomotion, and its phylogenetic implications
The relative thickness of the long bones and the vertebrae in primates
Darwin's Apes, Dental Apes, and the Descent of Man
The hominoid os capitatum, with special reference to the fossil bones from Sterkfontein and Olduvai Gorge
Dryopithecus (Proconsul) africanus
Changing Perspectives on Man
Brachiation
| Unique citing works | 83 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,37 |
| Citation span | 1991 - 2026 (36) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 74 |