The impact of self-affirmation interventions on well-being
A meta-analysis
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8720826 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Yunian Zhang, Yulu Zhang (0009-0004-4194-8209, corresponding author), Boyin Chen (0000-0001-5499-6606), Xinyang Hu (0000-0002-8861-2567), Minhong Wang (0000-0002-1084-6814) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Publication date | 2025-10-27 |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Psychologist (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0003-066X • E-ISSN: 1935-990X |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1037/amp0001591 |
| PMID | 41143765 |
| OpenAlex | W4415587346 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
Previous research on self-affirmation has mainly focused on outcomes related to academic achievement and health-related behavior changes, suggesting that self-affirmation could facilitate adaptive responses to psychological threats. This has attracted increasing attention in the field of well-being research. However, the findings on the relationship between self-affirmation and well-being have not been synthesized. This meta-analysis aimed to fill this gap by summarizing the impact of self-affirmation interventions on well-being in nonclinical, general populations. It identified and coded 129 independent tests derived from 67 published articles. Effect sizes (ESs) were calculated for four types of well-being outcomes and synthesized using a random-effects model. The analysis revealed different ways of implementing self-affirmation interventions. The synthesized results showed that self-affirmation had small but significant positive effects on self-perception (ES = .32), general well-being (ES = 0.29), social well-being (ES = 0.26), and reduction of psychological barriers (ES = -.22). Notably, the benefits associated with all outcomes were not only immediate but also long-lasting, with delayed effect being significantly larger than immediate effect in reducing psychological barriers. Additionally, mature participants benefited more than adolescents in terms of increased self-perception. The continent where the study was conducted also influenced the effects on self-perception and general well-being. Overall results suggest that self-affirmation can significantly improve various aspects of well-being, with both immediate and lasting effects. Findings highlight the potential of self-affirmation as a valuable component that can be incorporated into well-being programs. Findings also suggest the need for a theoretical reconceptualization of self-affirmation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved)
Field (mathematics · MEDLINE · Psychological intervention · Social influence · Social support · Identity, Memory, and Therapy · Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
| Citations per year | 1 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2026 - 2026 (1) |
| Highly cited | No |