Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

The Educational Benefits of Sustaining Cross-Racial Interaction among Undergraduates

Bibliographic Data

ID9018922
AuthorsMitchell J Chang (University of California, Los Angeles, corresponding author), Nida Denson (0000-0001-5543-0487, University of California, Los Angeles), Victor Saenz, Victor B Sáenz (0000-0002-6711-1712), Kimberly Misa (University of California, Los Angeles)
Year2006
Volume77
Issue3
Pages430-455
Publication date2006-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueThe Journal of Higher Education (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-1546 • E-ISSN: 1538-4640
PublisherTaylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/00221546.2006.11778933
OpenAlexW1540427797
LanguageEN
Citations received40
References cited21

This study examined whether or not students who either had higher levels of cross-racial interaction during college or had same-institution peers with higher average levels of this type of interaction tend to report significantly larger developmental gains than their counterparts. Unlike previous quantitative studies that tested cross-racial interaction using single-level linear models, this study more accurately models the structure of multilevel data by applying Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM). The general pattern of findings suggests that higher individual levels of cross-racial interaction have positive effects on students' openness to diversity, cognitive development, and self-confidence. The results also show that even though a student's own level of cross-racial interaction is a more direct and powerful way to realize developmental gains, simply being in an environment where other students are interacting frequently also contributes to students' self-reported development

Cross-cultural · Developmental psychology · Diversity (politics · Higher education · Institution · Multilevel model · Openness to experience · Political science · Social science · Sociology · Statistics · Higher Education Research Studies · Mathematics · Mentoring and Academic Development · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social Psychology

  • Integrated Schooling, Life Course Outcomes, and Social Cohesion in Multiethnic Democratic Societies

    Open Access•Roslyn Arlin Mickelson, Mokubung Nkomo•Review of Research in Education•2012

  • The Toll of Racial/Ethnic Discrimination on Adolescents' Adjustment

    Open Access•Aprile D Benner, Aprile Benner•Child Development Perspectives•2017

  • The Transformational STEM Consciousness Scale

    Open Access•Juan C Garibay, Lindsay B Wheeler•Science Education•2026

  • Explaining differences in Black and White students’ expected academic success

    Open Access•Ayarri Moore, Tammy L Sonnentag et al.•SN Social Sciences•2022

  • Modelos renovados, desigualdades persistentes. Socialización política diferenciada en la educación superior mexicana

    Open Access•Mariana Guadalupe Molina Fuentes•Trayectorias Humanas Trascontinenta…•2026

  • Rethinking Race, Ethnicity, and the Assessment of Intercultural Competence in Higher Education

    Open Access•Gemma Puntí, Molly J Dingel•Education Sciences•2021

  • “Both-And” Support for Black Students

    Ahmmad Brown, Ty-Juana L Flores•Journal of Student Affairs…•2025

  • Cross-Racial Interactions during College

    Open Access•William Byrd•Societies•2014

  • Interactional Diversity in Border Colleges

    Open Access•Eduardo Arellano, Mónica F Torres et al.•Journal of Hispanic Higher…•2008

  • Diversity’s twilight Zone

    Hoang Vu Tran•Race Ethnicity and Education•2017

  • So close, and yet so far

    Mónica F Torres, Mary Prentice et al.•International Journal of…•2013

  • The Classroom and the Yard

    Open Access•Meredith Sadin, Amy E Lerman et al.•Law & Social Inquiry•2025

  • Commentary

    Open Access•Elizabeth L Sweet, Harley F Etienne•Journal of Planning Education and…•2011

  • Social Work Students’ Attitudes Towards Indigenous People

    Shou‐Lu Lee, Shou-Lu Lee•Australian Social Work•2020

  • Perceived Receptivity of Sociology Faculty and Administration Toward Minorities of Race, Religion, and Sexual Orientations (2008 Mssa Presidential Address)

    Thomas C Calhoun•Sociological Spectrum•2010

  • Advancing Equality

    Open Access•Jody Heymann, Aleta Sprague et al.•Advancing Equality•2020

  • Intercultural learning and adolescents’ global competence

    Open Access•Qinhui Huang, Alan Cheung et al.•International Journal of…•2025

  • The Effects of Educational Diversity in a National Sample of Law Students

    Nisha C Gottfredson, Nisha Gottfredson O''Shea et al.•Multivariate Behavioral Research•2009

  • The impact of international classroom diversity on student performance

    Open Access•Carla Haelermans, Arnold Hendrikse et al.•Higher Education•2026

  • Activating Diversity

    Open Access•Richard N Pitt, Josh Packard•Sociological Quarterly•2012

  • Curricular, interactional, and structural diversity

    Jo–Ying Chu, Andy D Huang•Studies in Higher Education•2024

  • Enhancing Student Compositional Diversity in the Sociology Classroom

    Open Access•Kate Lyons, Katherine A Lyon et al.•Teaching Sociology•2016

  • A Multi-Level Examination of First-year Students’ Openness to Diversity and Challenge

    Woo-Jeong Shim, Rosemary J Pérez•The Journal of Higher Education•2018

  • Some Complexities in the Effects of Diversity Experiences on Orientation toward Social/Political Activism and Political Views in the First Year of College

    Ernest T Pascarella, Mark H Salisbury et al.•The Journal of Higher Education•2012

  • Developing Pluralistic Skills and Dispositions in College

    Mark E Engberg, Sylvia Hurtado•The Journal of Higher Education•2011

  • Dynamic Relationships

    Nida Denson, Mitchell J Chang•The Journal of Higher Education•2015

  • Horizontal and Vertical Racial Segregation in Higher Education

    Rachel Baker, Sabrina Solanki et al.•The Journal of Higher Education•2022

  • Diversity and Moral Reasoning

    Matthew J Mayhew, Mark E Engberg•The Journal of Higher Education•2010

  • Strategies of Resistance among Racially Minoritized Students at a Hispanic-Serving Institution

    Eddie Comeaux, Sara E Grummert et al.•The Journal of Higher Education•2020

  • Legitimating Prestige through Diversity

    Megan M Holland, Karly S Ford•The Journal of Higher Education•2020

  • Interracial Contact on College Campuses

    Nicholas A Bowman, Julie J Park•The Journal of Higher Education•2014

  • Diversity Experiences and Attitudes toward Literacy

    Chad N Loes, Mark H Salisbury et al.•The Journal of Higher Education•2013

  • Campus Conditions and College Experiences that Facilitate Friendship Across Worldview Differences

    Tara D Hudson, Alyssa N Rockenbach et al.•The Journal of Higher Education•2022

  • Predictors of Long-Term Enrollment and Degree Outcomes for Community College Students

    Sameano F Porchea, Jeff Allen et al.•The Journal of Higher Education•2010

  • International Faculty

    Dongbin Kim, Lisa Wolf-Wendel et al.•The Journal of Higher Education•2011

  • Effects of Diversity Experiences on Critical Thinking Skills

    Chad N Loes, Chad Loes et al.•The Journal of Higher Education•2012

  • The Effect of Loans on Time to Doctorate Degree

    Dongbin Kim, Cindy Otts•The Journal of Higher Education•2010

  • Racial Diversity Matters

    Open Access•Nida Denson, Mitchell J Chang•American Educational Research…•2009

  • The Importance of Identity Development, Principled Moral Reasoning, and Empathy as Predictors of Openness to Diversity in Emerging Adults

    Open Access•Marylie W Gerson, Leanne Neilson•SAGE Open•2014

  • A tale of two people

    William Hatungimana, Haruka Nagao•Ethnic and Racial Studies•2025

  • What matters in college?

    Alexander W Astin•What matters in college?•1993

  • The Shape of the River

    William G Bowen, Glenn C Loury et al.•Shape of the River•1998

  • Diversity and the Influence of Friendship Groups in College

    Anthony Lising Antonio•Review of higher education/ The…•2001

  • Diversity and Higher Education

    Patricia Gurin, Eric L Dey et al.•Harvard Educational Review•2002

  • Cross-Racial Interaction Among Undergraduates

    Open Access•Mitchell J Chang, Alexander W Astin et al.•Research in Higher Education•2004

  • Enhancing Campus Climates for Racial/Ethnic Diversity

    Sylvia Hurtado, Jeffrey F Milem et al.•Review of higher education/ The…•1998

  • Hierarchical linear models

    Anthony S Bryk, Stephen W Raudenbush•Hierarchical linear models•2002

  • How college affects students

    Ernest T Pascarella, Patrick T Terenzini•How college affects students•1991

  • College Students’ Perceptions of Prejudice and Discrimination and Their Feelings of Alienation

    Alberto F Cabrera, Amaury Nora•The Review of Education Pedagogy…•1994

  • Influences on Students' Openness to Diversity and Challenge in the First Year of College

    Ernest T Pascarella, Marcia Edison et al.•The Journal of Higher Education•1996

  • The Other Curriculum

    George D Kuh•The Journal of Higher Education•1995

  • Adapting to Diversity

    Richard C Richardson, Elizabth Fisk Skinner•The Journal of Higher Education•1990

  • Student Perceptions of Campus Cultural Climate by Race

    Open Access•Julie R Ancis, William E Sedlacek et al.•Journal of Counseling & Development•2000

  • Intergroup Contact Theory

    T F Pettigrew•Annual Review of Psychology•1998

  • A Hierarchical Model for Studying School Effects

    Stephen W Raudenbush, Stephen Raudenbush et al.•Sociology of Education•1986

Unique citing works40
Citations per year2,22
Citation span2008 - 2026 (19)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 40

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae