Sequencing Disadvantage
Barriers to Employment Facing Young Black and White Men with Criminal Records
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 9770246 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Devah Pager (Office of Population Research at Princeton University, corresponding author), B Western (0000-0001-8615-6767, Harvard University), Naomi F Sugie (0000-0002-2346-4786, Princeton University), Naomi Sugie (Princeton University) |
| Year | 2009 |
| Volume | 623 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 195-213 |
| Publication date | 2009-05-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0002-7162 • E-ISSN: 1552-3349 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/0002716208330793 |
| PMID | 23459367 |
| PMCID | PMC3583356 |
| OpenAlex | W2107577675 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 190 |
| References cited | 15 |
In this article, the authors report the results of a large-scale field experiment conducted in New York City investigating the effects of race and a prison record on employment. Teams of black and white men were matched and sent to apply for low-wage jobs throughout the city, presenting equivalent resumés and differing only in their race and criminal background. The authors find a significant negative effect of a criminal record on employment outcomes that appears substantially larger for African Americans. The sequence of interactions preceding hiring decisions suggests that black applicants are less often invited to interview, thereby providing fewer opportunities to establish rapport with the employer. Furthermore, employers' general reluctance to discuss the criminal record of an applicant appears especially harmful for black ex-offenders. Overall, these results point to the importance of rapport-building for finding work, something that the stigmatizing characteristics of minority and criminal status make more difficult to achieve
Criminal history · Criminal justice · Criminal record · Criminology · Disadvantage · Political science · Prison · Race (biology · Sociology · White (mutation · Crime Patterns and Interventions · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis · Gender Studies · Law · Policing Practices and Perceptions · Psychology
The process of offender reintegration
Trabajo y mujeres privadas de la libertad
Children's antisocial behavior, mental health, drug use, and educational performance after parental incarceration
Employment After Prison
A Vicious Cycle
An Introduction to Audit Studies in the Social Sciences
Social vulnerabilities for substance use
Racial disparities in school-based disciplinary actions are associated with county-level rates of racial bias
A conceptual model for understanding post-release opioid-related overdose risk
Discrimination based on criminal record and healthcare utilization among men recently released from prison
Zwart werk na vrijlating
Weer vrij om aan de slag te gaan
School Reentry
Onset and trajectory of alcohol and other drug use among Aboriginal men entering a prison treatment program
Assessing legal socialisation in a youth sample
The Network of Neighborhoods and Geographic Space
Estimating effects of short-term imprisonment on crime using random judge assignments
Multiple Disadvantage and Social Networks
Experiencing Burnout
Employment Perceptions of Parolees
Citizenship on probation
Do firms redline workers
Age and Chronic and Temporary Criminality
Negotiating Survival and Dignity
Employer Perceptions of Hiring Juveniles With Criminal Records
Informational Properties of Liability Regimes
Designing the Divide Authentic Perspectives From the Justice-Impacted Population on STEM Exclusion as a Driver of the School-to-Prison Pipeline
‘Would You Prefer Jail or Probation?’ Differences in Sanctioning Preferences among White, Black, and Latinx Adults
Undergraduate students’ perspectives on the impact of a prison health course
The Impact of a Multiple Conviction Record on Hiring Outcomes
The Benefits of Hindsight and Modern Risk Assessment Tools
Pathways to second chances
“Nothing but a rope to hang yourself
The role of substance use treatment in reducing stigma after release from incarceration
A multi-level intervention to reduce the stigma of substance use and criminal involvement
“You can’t incarcerate yourself out of the drug problem in America
New York State’s Bail Elimination Act of 2019
Still Paying for the Past
Race Brokers
Maternal and paternal imprisonment in the stress process
The interaction of serious mental disorder and race on time to reincarceration
The Growth of Incarceration in the United States
Salience and context of incarceration history disclosure in sexual and reproductive health service delivery
Past year and prior incarceration and HIV transmission risk among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in the US
Job Market Signaling through Occupational Licensing
The Role of Religious Belief and Sentencing Decisions in a UK Sample
Paternal Incarceration and Child Support
The Racialized Consequences of Jail Incarceration on Local Labor Markets
Stigma or Separation? Understanding the Incarceration-Divorce Relationship
Racialized Re-entry
Sticky Stigma
Criminal Labels, Racial Inequities, and the Lifelong Impact of Early Arrests on Employment
How Race and Unemployment Shape Labor Market Opportunities
Neighborhood isolation in Chicago
Examining the Role of Meaningful Work for Desistance Among Justice-Involved Emerging Adults
Juvenile Records Negatively Impact Mock‐Hiring Decisions
“It’s two separate systems that … keep you under a thumb”
Exploring the Influence of Coping Strategies on Depression Scores Among Black Men in Maryland
Predicting support for fine penalty replacing imprisonment
Sexual misconduct and evaluation of candidate appropriateness for employment within a nonpublic-facing role
The Downstream Well-Being Effect of Encounters with the U.S. Criminal Justice System
How Racial Tasking Leads to Inequitable Financial Remuneration Among Power-5 College Football Coaches
Is it a self-fulfilling prophecy
Does time heal all? Evaluating the effect of time since conviction on employability
Premature Death Risk from Young Adulthood Incarceration
The causes and consequences of stigma among individuals involved in the criminal legal system
State Violence, Black Lives, and Environmental Justice
When She Says Daddy”
Competing priorities that rival health in adults on probation in Rhode Island
Incarceration, Maternal Hardship, and Perinatal Health Behaviors
Message framing to reduce stigma and increase support for policies to improve the wellbeing of people with prior drug convictions
Structural and healthcare predictors of substance use-related death following release from incarceration
Level of Criminal Justice Contact and Early Adult Wage Inequality
Exclusion and Extraction
Providing After Prison
Faculty attitudes toward college students with criminal records
Employer attitudes towards hiring people with a criminal record
Finding employment in the stigma machine
Workforce diversity in Cambodia
Assisting ex-offenders in employment
Parental incarceration and child outcomes
Paternal incarceration and the family
Fighting labor market discrimination with ban the box (BTB)
Romantic (In)Justice
Race, Law, and Inequality, 50 Years After the Civil Rights Era
Who Benefits from Mass Incarceration? A Stratification Economics Approach to the “Collateral Consequences” of Punishment
Criminal Record Questions, Statistical Discrimination, and Equity in a “Ban the Box” Era
Electronic Monitoring
Policy Implications About Properties of Arrest Risk Across Populations of Provisional Employees With and Without a Criminal Record
Fair Chance Act failures? Employers’ hiring of people with criminal records
Devolving the carceral state
The effects of language on the stigmatization and exclusion of returning citizens
James B Jacobs, The Eternal Criminal Record
Association between Recent Criminal Justice Involvement and Transactional Sex among African American Men Who Have Sex with Men in Baltimore
Barriers to Reintegration
Applying the Theory of Social Good to Mass Incarceration and Civil Rights
Implicit and Explicit Measurement Approaches to Research on Policy Implementation
Working around the Law
Work Your Story”
Before and After Ban the Box
What employers want
Crime in the making
Stories Employers Tell
A Continuum of Impression Formation, from Category-Based to Individuating Processes
Race and the Invisible Hand
When prisoners come home
Recidivism of Prisoners Released in 1994
"Getting Paid"
Looking for truth in all the wrong places? Asymmetric search of individuating information about stereotyped group members
The nonverbal mediation of self-fulfilling prophecies in interracial interaction
Work as a Turning Point in the Life Course of Criminals
Incarceration and the Formation and Stability of Marital Unions
The Mark of a Criminal Record
| Unique citing works | 190 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 11,18 |
| Citation span | 2009 - 2026 (18) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 187 |