The role of motivation, responsibility, and integrative complexity in crisis escalation
Comparative studies of war and peace crises
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6201903 |
|---|---|
| Authors | David G Winter (0000-0002-6490-7467, University of Michigan, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2007 |
| Volume | 92 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 920-937 |
| Publication date | 2007-05-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.920 |
| PMID | 17484613 |
| OpenAlex | W2083111659 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 27 |
| References cited | 52 |
Drawing on D. G. Winter's (1993) comparison of 1914 and the Cuban Missile Crisis, the author identified 8 paired crises (1 escalating to war, 1 peacefully resolved). Documents (diplomatic messages, speeches, official media commentary) from each crisis were scored for power, affiliation, and achievement motivation; text measures of responsibility and activity inhibition; and integrative complexity. Aggregated effect-size results show that war crises had significantly higher levels of power motivation and responsibility, whereas peace crises showed trends toward higher integrative complexity and achievement motivation. Follow-up analyses suggested that these results are robust with respect to both sides in a crisis, type of material scored, and historical time. The power motive results extend previous findings, but the responsibility results suggest that responsibility plays a paradoxical role in war. Future research directions are sketched, and the role of psychological content analysis in monitoring the danger of war is discussed
Need for achievement · Political science · Power (physics) · Public relations · Social responsibility · Cultural Differences and Values · Psychological Testing and Assessment · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
Presidential Personality
Extreme parallels
Revolutions, coups, and clashes
Less power or powerless? Egocentric empathy gaps and the irony of having little versus no power in social decision making
Social Conflict
Automated Motive Scoring and International Crisis Behavior
Motivational Computing
Psychological concomitants and predictors of violence during political upheaval in Zimbabwe
Scoring motive imagery in documents from four Middle East opposition groups
The language of violence
Group-level integrative complexity
Religious Complexity and Intergroup Bias
People's Mental Models of War Initiation
Rape, War, and the Socialization of Masculinity
Man, I feel like a woman
The implicit power motive in intergroup dialogues about the history of slavery
The Cognitive Processing of Politics and Politicians
Are U.S. Presidents Becoming Less Rhetorically Complex? Evaluating the Integrative Complexity of Joe Biden and Donald Trump in Historical Context
Circulating Metaphors of Sexuality, Aggression, and Power
The Implicit Motives of Terrorist Groups
Measuring Implicit British Perceptions of German Intentions in 1938–1939
The Slow Creation of Humanity
Political Conservatism, Need for Cognitive Closure, and Intergroup Hostility
Two Years of Ups and Downs
Integrative Complexity Coding Raises Integratively Complex Issues
Themes of Self‐Regulation and Self‐Exploration in the Life Stories of Religious American Conservatives and Liberals
Organizing to rule
On the Origins of War
The Gulf conflict, 1990-1991
The power motive
The History of Violence in America
Dynamics of third party intervention
On the brink
Crisis Escalation War
Psychology and Deterrence
Conceptual/integrative complexity
A model of egoistical relative deprivation.
Leadership motive pattern and long-term success in management.
Revolution in Hungary, by Paul E. Zinner
Motivation and Personality
Crisis, Escalation, War . Ole R. Holsti
Case Studies and Theory Development
Categorical goal hierarchies and classification of human motives
Responsibility and the power motive in women and men
Things I've Learned About Personality From Studying Political Leaders at a Distance 1
The Parable of the Tribes
International Crisis
Avoiding War
John J. Crittenden
Prologue to Conflict
Changes in Integrative Complexity Among Middle East Leaders During the Persian Gulf Crisis
The power motive and reactivity to power stresses
The power motive, group conflict, and physiological arousal
Planning a Tragedy
Survey of International Affairs 1961
Survey of International Affairs 1956–1958
President Kennedy
Die Grosse Politik der Europaischen Kabinette, 1871-1914
Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States
The Diplomacy of Annexation
A Thousand Days. John F. Kennedy in the White House
An Exploratory Study of the Motives of Southern African Political Leaders Measured at a Distance
Changes in Integrative Complexity Prior to Surprise Attacks
Comparing Two Studies of Crisis Bargaining
Influence Strategies, Success, and War
Integrative Complexity of Communications in International Crises
War, Peace, and Integrative Complexity
Explaining Foreign Policy Behavior Using the Personal Characteristics of Political Leaders
Intimations of mortality
Power, affiliation, and war
A circumplex model for interpersonal personality traits
Identifying victims of groupthink from public statements of decision makers
Motives, situation, and interpersonal conflict within Prisoner's Dilemma
The motivational basis of concessions and compromise
II. The Comparable-Cases Strategy in Comparative Research
The Parable of the Tribes. The Problem of Power in Social Evolution
The effect of experimental arousal of the affiliation motive on thematic apperception
Asymmetrical Perceptions of Power in Crises
Documents on International Affairs, 1939-1946
| Unique citing works | 27 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,5 |
| Citation span | 2008 - 2026 (19) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 23 |