Lyn M Van Swol
Biographic Data
| ID | 177162 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Lyn M Van Swol |
| GIVEN NAMES | Lyn M |
| FAMILY NAME | Van Swol |
| SIGNATURE | VAN SWOL L M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Wisconsin–Madison |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2484-748X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 169 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Growing Up Polarized: Affective Polarization in Children and Adolescents
Threat and Efficacy in Persuasive Messages About PFAS in Public Drinking Water
Effective risk communication about per-and-polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is essential due to health risks and low public awareness. Guided by the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) and the Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change), this study examined how risk-based messages, which include threat and efficacy, influence behavioral intention, advice outcomes, and perceived importance. An experimental survey manipulating threat (high/low) a…
Research on interpersonal electronic surveillance in romantic relationships: Applying the theory of motivated information management
Through a questionnaire survey of 326 respondents in romantic relationships, we apply the theory of motivated information management (TMIM) in explaining the process of managing uncertainty through interpersonal electronic surveillance (IES) in romantic relationships. Our results indicate that: (1) In the interpretation phase of TMIM, the uncertainty discrepancy of romantic relationship is positively related to people's anxiety. (2) In the evalua…
The influence of secrecy on advice taking: A self-protection perspective
Emotional contagion in online groups as a function of valence and status
Innovative ideas desire earlier communication: Exploring reverse serial‐order effect and liberating cognitive constraint for organizational problem‐solving
The serial‐order effect wherein originality increases over time is one of the most robust findings in modern psychology. This effect, found in either individual or group sessions, is based on associative and spreading activation mechanisms: Mental association takes place in temporal sequential order from commonly (closely) to unusually (distantly) related semantic concepts stored in long‐term memory. Thus, data from previous studies might suggest…
Effects of Gain/Loss Frames on Telling Lies of Omission and Commission
An increased focus on fake news and misinformation is currently emerging. But what does it mean when information is designated as "fake?" Research on deception has focused on lies of commission, in which people disclose something false as true. However, people can also lie by omission, by withholding important yet true information. In this research, we investigate when people are more likely to tell a lie of omission. In three studies, with tests…
Fostering climate change consensus: The role of intimacy in group discussions
This study examined if creating intimacy in a group discussion is more effective toward reaching consensus about climate change than a focus on information. Participants were randomly assigned to either a group that spent the first part of an online discussion engaging in self-disclosure and focusing on shared values (intimacy condition) or discussing information from an article about climate change (information condition). Afterward, all groups …
The Effects of Expertise, Status Power, and Language Use on Perception of Task Partner
An experiment manipulated the relative expertise and status power of dyad task partners, examining how expertise and status power affect language use and if linguistic cues that emerged during the interaction influence a partner's assessment of the speaker's competence. One hundred twenty-eight dyads worked together on a problem-solving task without knowing who had received better quality information beforehand. One hundred twenty-four interactio…
Study on the Relationship between Nurses’ Mentoring Relationship and Organizational Commitment
The mentoring relationship affects the growth and development of new employees. For nurses, the uncertainty of the influence of the mentoring relationship may be magnified by the unique nature of hospitals as public departments, however it is unclear whether and how nurses' mentoring relationship influence the outcome. Protean career orientation defined as a tendency of individuals to achieve subjective career success through self-management of t…
Out with the Humans, in with the Machines: Investigating the Behavioral and Psychological Effects of Replacing Human Advisors with a Machine
This study investigates the effects of task demonstrability and replacing a human advisor with a machine advisor. Outcome measures include advice-utilization (trust), the perception of advisors, and decision-maker emotions. Participants were randomly assigned to make a series of forecasts dealing with either humanitarian planning (low demonstrability) or management (high demonstrability). Participants received advice from either a machine advisor…
Influence of self‐concept clarity on advice seeking and utilisation
Decision‐makers often fail to seek or utilise advice. This study examined how the extent to which individuals perceive that they know themselves influences advice seeking and taking. Drawing from uncertainty‐identification theory, the heuristic‐systematic model, and insights from the literature on advice, we asked participants ( n = 313) to rate their self‐concept clarity, and then 4 weeks later rate their confidence and completed decision scenar…
Language Use in Group Discourse and Its Relationship to Group Processes
The study examined the relationship between language use and perception of group processes. In an experiment, participants discussed their views about climate change in a group chat. Afterward, participants ( n = 239) filled out their perception of themselves and group processes. Participants who perceived more similarity among group members used less complex language (cognitive processes language) and more assenting language. As participants fel…
Proactive feedback seeking has a positive effect on career adaptability
We examined the impact of feedback seeking, including feedback inquiry and monitoring, on career adaptability via the mediator of supervisor feedback environment and the moderator of person–organization fit (P–O fit). Participants were 415 full-time employees in China, who completed the research measures in 3 waves each spaced 3 months apart. The results revealed that supervisor feedback environment mediated the relationship between feedback seek…
The Effects of Establishing Intimacy and Consubstantiality on Group Discussions About Climate Change Solutions
The many obstacles to productive climate change communication necessitate new approaches. Based on science communication strategies that promote engagement rather than knowledge transfer, we assigned participants ( N = 329) to randomized chat groups that discussed similarities between group members (intimacy condition) or information about climate change (information condition). This study combined Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and rhe…
Linguistic Influences on the Outcomes of Imposed Advice
This study examines how language used by advice recipients and whether the peer apologized before offering advice affected advice outcomes. Participants wrote about a problem and then shared the problem through online chat with a peer (who was actually an experimental confederate). Although the participant was expecting the peer to share a problem as well and stated they did not want advice, the peer gave advice. Use of future tense verbs by the …
Repairing Police Psychological Safety: The Role of Career Adaptability, Feedback Environment, and Goal-Self Concordance Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory
The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of career adaptability, feedback environment, and goal-self concordance in improving police psychological safety. Questionnaires with integral and regular answers were collected from 295 police officers from four provinces in China. The police officers completed a questionnaire that included items measuring goal-self concordance, supervisor feedback environment, psychological safety, and demogr…
The Effects of Discussion of Familiar or Non-Familiar Information on Opinions of Anthropogenic Climate Change
The study found that encountering new information in an online chat rather than information that participants already knew and were familiar with was more likely to reduce support for the view that climate change is due to anthropogenic causes, even though the majority of the presented information supported anthropogenic causes. Participants reported feeling more competent and knowledgeable about the topic and felt less ostracized from others in …
Language and Group Processes: An Integrative, Interdisciplinary Review
This article reviews research that examines the use of language in small interacting groups and teams. We propose a model of group inputs (e.g., status), processes and emergent states (e.g., cohesion, influence, and innovation), and outputs (e.g., group effectiveness and member well-being) to help structure our review. The model is integrated with how language is used by groups to both reflect group inputs but also to examine how language interac…
The Effects of Shared Opinions on Nonverbal Mimicry
People often mimic each other. Research has examined the positive social benefits of mimicry and factors that lead to increased mimicry. Two studies examine whether a participant is more likely to mimic nonverbal behavior of someone who shares the same opinion as the participant than someone who does not. The participant made a decision between two vacation destinations and discussed the choice in a three-person group. The two other group members…
Manipulating a synchronous or separatist group orientation to improve performance on a hidden profile task
Effective use of available information is a problem that plagues group decision-making tasks. Groups heavily favor shared information, or information that is known to all group members, which can lead to incorrect decisions and selection of inferior alternatives. However, groups may be less prone to overlooking unshared information if they are focused to value uniqueness and novel input from group members. The present research demonstrates that g…
The Language of Extremity: The Language of Extreme Members and How the Presence of Extremity Affects Group Discussion
Using the linguistic software Linguistic Inquiry Word Count, we analyzed transcripts of group discussions of whether the words "under God" should be in the Pledge of Allegiance. We hypothesized that members with an extreme opinion would use less complex language and more you pronouns than other members. Furthermore, extreme members would have less influence when they used you pronouns or more complex language consistent with the illusion of under…
His Lips Are Moving: Pinocchio Effect and Other Lexical Indicators of Political Deceptions
Using the software program LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count), this study used political statements classified as truths and lies by website Politifact.com and examined lexical differences between statement type (lie or truth) and the setting (interactive or scripted) in which the statement was given. In interactive settings (where statements given are prompted by questioning), politicians used shorter sentences, simpler words, and fewer ca…
Channel Choice, Justification of Deception, and Detection: Channel Choice and Deception Detection
Using Truth Default Theory, we assess whether senders choose to communicate through anonymous text chat or face-to-face when they deceive, and differences in receiver ability to detect deception in the 2 channels. Participants were randomly assigned as distributor or receiver in an ultimatum game. Distributors received $8 to divide between self and receiver. Receivers did not know the amount distributors had received, so distributors could deceiv…
Investigating Variation in Replicability: A “Many Labs” Replication Project
Although replication is a central tenet of science, direct replications are rare in psychology. This research tested variation in the replicability of 13 classic and contemporary effects across 36 independent samples totaling 6,344 participants. In the aggregate, 10 effects replicated consistently. One effect – imagined contact reducing prejudice – showed weak support for replicability. And two effects – flag priming influencing conservatism and …
Investigating Variation in Replicability: A “Many Labs” Replication Project
Although replication is a central tenet of science, direct replications are rare in psychology. This research tested variation in the replicability of 13 classic and contemporary effects across 36 independent samples totaling 6,344 participants. In the aggregate, 10 effects replicated consistently. One effect – imagined contact reducing prejudice – showed weak support for replicability. And two effects – flag priming influencing conservatism and …
Commentaries and Rejoinder on
While direct replications such as the “Many Labs” project are extremely valuable in testing the reliability of published findings across laboratories, they reflect the common reliance in psychology on single vignettes or stimuli, which limits the scope of the conclusions that can be reached. New experimental tools and statistical techniques make it easier to routinely sample stimuli, and to appropriately treat them as random factors. We encourage…
Factors that May Affect the Difficulty of Uncovering Hidden Profiles
Three experiments examined three factors that may impede the discovery of hidden profiles: commitment to initial decision, reiteration effect, and ownership bias. Experiment 1 examined whether groups in which members are not asked to make an initial decision before group discussion are more likely to uncover hidden profiles than groups in which members are asked to make an initial decision. Experiment 2 examined this commitment to an initial deci…
Evidence for the Pinocchio Effect: Linguistic Differences Between Lies, Deception by Omissions, and Truths
The study used Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count and Coh-Metrix software to examine linguistic differences with deception in an ultimatum game. In the game, the Allocator was given an amount of money to divide with the Receiver. The Receiver did not know the precise amount the Allocator had to divide, and the Allocator could use deception. Allocators either lied, deceived through omission, or were truthful with the Receiver with their allocation …
Language and Group Processes: An Integrative, Interdisciplinary Review
This article reviews research that examines the use of language in small interacting groups and teams. We propose a model of group inputs (e.g., status), processes and emergent states (e.g., cohesion, influence, and innovation), and outputs (e.g., group effectiveness and member well-being) to help structure our review. The model is integrated with how language is used by groups to both reflect group inputs but also to examine how language interac…
The Effects of Establishing Intimacy and Consubstantiality on Group Discussions About Climate Change Solutions
The many obstacles to productive climate change communication necessitate new approaches. Based on science communication strategies that promote engagement rather than knowledge transfer, we assigned participants ( N = 329) to randomized chat groups that discussed similarities between group members (intimacy condition) or information about climate change (information condition). This study combined Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and rhe…
His Lips Are Moving: Pinocchio Effect and Other Lexical Indicators of Political Deceptions
Using the software program LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count), this study used political statements classified as truths and lies by website Politifact.com and examined lexical differences between statement type (lie or truth) and the setting (interactive or scripted) in which the statement was given. In interactive settings (where statements given are prompted by questioning), politicians used shorter sentences, simpler words, and fewer ca…
Perceived Importance of Information: The Effects of Mentioning Information, Shared Information Bias, Ownership Bias, Reiteration, and Confirmation Bias
Participants were given information for and against the decriminalization of marijuana and discussed the issue in groups. Factors affecting rated importance of information after the group discussion were examined. Participants did not rate information that was mentioned during the discussion as more important than information not mentioned, and participants did not rate shared information they mentioned as more important than unshared information…
The Language of Extremity: The Language of Extreme Members and How the Presence of Extremity Affects Group Discussion
Using the linguistic software Linguistic Inquiry Word Count, we analyzed transcripts of group discussions of whether the words "under God" should be in the Pledge of Allegiance. We hypothesized that members with an extreme opinion would use less complex language and more you pronouns than other members. Furthermore, extreme members would have less influence when they used you pronouns or more complex language consistent with the illusion of under…
Questioning the Assumptions of Deception Research
This article responds to Truth Default Theory (TDT) and Information Manipulation Theory II (IMT2). First, I discuss assumptions made by previous research on deception that TDT or IMT2 question. For example, TDT questions the assumption that nonverbal behaviors are important for detecting deception, and IMT2 questions the assumption that deception requires additional cognitive effort. Given TDT's emphasis on context, I note that additional researc…
Discussion and Perception of Information in Groups and Judge-Advisor Systems
Participants were given information about three different vacation destinations to read before discussing them in a group. Some information was given to all three group members before the discussion (shared) and some information was only given to one participant (unshared). Participants were randomly assigned to discuss the issue in either unstructured groups or Judge-Advisor Systems (JASs). A JAS is a group in which one member has the role of de…
Repairing Police Psychological Safety: The Role of Career Adaptability, Feedback Environment, and Goal-Self Concordance Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory
The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of career adaptability, feedback environment, and goal-self concordance in improving police psychological safety. Questionnaires with integral and regular answers were collected from 295 police officers from four provinces in China. The police officers completed a questionnaire that included items measuring goal-self concordance, supervisor feedback environment, psychological safety, and demogr…
Differences Between Minority, Majority, and Unanimous Group Members in the Communication of Information
This article integrates research on minority influence and information sampling in groups. The traditional information-sampling paradigm implies that the discussion bias for common over unique information affects all types of groups universally. We proposed an alternative in which information sampling depends on the composition of opinions. We proposed that groups with a minority opinion may focus more on unique information and that a minority op…
Factors that May Affect the Difficulty of Uncovering Hidden Profiles
Three experiments examined three factors that may impede the discovery of hidden profiles: commitment to initial decision, reiteration effect, and ownership bias. Experiment 1 examined whether groups in which members are not asked to make an initial decision before group discussion are more likely to uncover hidden profiles than groups in which members are asked to make an initial decision. Experiment 2 examined this commitment to an initial deci…
Differences Between Minority, Majority, and Unanimous Group Members in the Communication of Information
This article integrates research on minority influence and information sampling in groups. The traditional information-sampling paradigm implies that the discussion bias for common over unique information affects all types of groups universally. We proposed an alternative in which information sampling depends on the composition of opinions. We proposed that groups with a minority opinion may focus more on unique information and that a minority op…
Perceived Importance of Information: The Effects of Mentioning Information, Shared Information Bias, Ownership Bias, Reiteration, and Confirmation Bias
Participants were given information for and against the decriminalization of marijuana and discussed the issue in groups. Factors affecting rated importance of information after the group discussion were examined. Participants did not rate information that was mentioned during the discussion as more important than information not mentioned, and participants did not rate shared information they mentioned as more important than unshared information…
Discussion and Perception of Information in Groups and Judge-Advisor Systems
Participants were given information about three different vacation destinations to read before discussing them in a group. Some information was given to all three group members before the discussion (shared) and some information was only given to one participant (unshared). Participants were randomly assigned to discuss the issue in either unstructured groups or Judge-Advisor Systems (JASs). A JAS is a group in which one member has the role of de…
Evidence for the Pinocchio Effect: Linguistic Differences Between Lies, Deception by Omissions, and Truths
The study used Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count and Coh-Metrix software to examine linguistic differences with deception in an ultimatum game. In the game, the Allocator was given an amount of money to divide with the Receiver. The Receiver did not know the precise amount the Allocator had to divide, and the Allocator could use deception. Allocators either lied, deceived through omission, or were truthful with the Receiver with their allocation …
Channel Choice, Justification of Deception, and Detection: Channel Choice and Deception Detection
Using Truth Default Theory, we assess whether senders choose to communicate through anonymous text chat or face-to-face when they deceive, and differences in receiver ability to detect deception in the 2 channels. Participants were randomly assigned as distributor or receiver in an ultimatum game. Distributors received $8 to divide between self and receiver. Receivers did not know the amount distributors had received, so distributors could deceiv…
Investigating Variation in Replicability: A “Many Labs” Replication Project
Although replication is a central tenet of science, direct replications are rare in psychology. This research tested variation in the replicability of 13 classic and contemporary effects across 36 independent samples totaling 6,344 participants. In the aggregate, 10 effects replicated consistently. One effect – imagined contact reducing prejudice – showed weak support for replicability. And two effects – flag priming influencing conservatism and …
Commentaries and Rejoinder on
While direct replications such as the “Many Labs” project are extremely valuable in testing the reliability of published findings across laboratories, they reflect the common reliance in psychology on single vignettes or stimuli, which limits the scope of the conclusions that can be reached. New experimental tools and statistical techniques make it easier to routinely sample stimuli, and to appropriately treat them as random factors. We encourage…
Questioning the Assumptions of Deception Research
This article responds to Truth Default Theory (TDT) and Information Manipulation Theory II (IMT2). First, I discuss assumptions made by previous research on deception that TDT or IMT2 question. For example, TDT questions the assumption that nonverbal behaviors are important for detecting deception, and IMT2 questions the assumption that deception requires additional cognitive effort. Given TDT's emphasis on context, I note that additional researc…
His Lips Are Moving: Pinocchio Effect and Other Lexical Indicators of Political Deceptions
Using the software program LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count), this study used political statements classified as truths and lies by website Politifact.com and examined lexical differences between statement type (lie or truth) and the setting (interactive or scripted) in which the statement was given. In interactive settings (where statements given are prompted by questioning), politicians used shorter sentences, simpler words, and fewer ca…
Manipulating a synchronous or separatist group orientation to improve performance on a hidden profile task
Effective use of available information is a problem that plagues group decision-making tasks. Groups heavily favor shared information, or information that is known to all group members, which can lead to incorrect decisions and selection of inferior alternatives. However, groups may be less prone to overlooking unshared information if they are focused to value uniqueness and novel input from group members. The present research demonstrates that g…
The Language of Extremity: The Language of Extreme Members and How the Presence of Extremity Affects Group Discussion
Using the linguistic software Linguistic Inquiry Word Count, we analyzed transcripts of group discussions of whether the words "under God" should be in the Pledge of Allegiance. We hypothesized that members with an extreme opinion would use less complex language and more you pronouns than other members. Furthermore, extreme members would have less influence when they used you pronouns or more complex language consistent with the illusion of under…
The Effects of Shared Opinions on Nonverbal Mimicry
People often mimic each other. Research has examined the positive social benefits of mimicry and factors that lead to increased mimicry. Two studies examine whether a participant is more likely to mimic nonverbal behavior of someone who shares the same opinion as the participant than someone who does not. The participant made a decision between two vacation destinations and discussed the choice in a three-person group. The two other group members…
Language and Group Processes: An Integrative, Interdisciplinary Review
This article reviews research that examines the use of language in small interacting groups and teams. We propose a model of group inputs (e.g., status), processes and emergent states (e.g., cohesion, influence, and innovation), and outputs (e.g., group effectiveness and member well-being) to help structure our review. The model is integrated with how language is used by groups to both reflect group inputs but also to examine how language interac…
The Effects of Discussion of Familiar or Non-Familiar Information on Opinions of Anthropogenic Climate Change
The study found that encountering new information in an online chat rather than information that participants already knew and were familiar with was more likely to reduce support for the view that climate change is due to anthropogenic causes, even though the majority of the presented information supported anthropogenic causes. Participants reported feeling more competent and knowledgeable about the topic and felt less ostracized from others in …
Proactive feedback seeking has a positive effect on career adaptability
We examined the impact of feedback seeking, including feedback inquiry and monitoring, on career adaptability via the mediator of supervisor feedback environment and the moderator of person–organization fit (P–O fit). Participants were 415 full-time employees in China, who completed the research measures in 3 waves each spaced 3 months apart. The results revealed that supervisor feedback environment mediated the relationship between feedback seek…
The Effects of Establishing Intimacy and Consubstantiality on Group Discussions About Climate Change Solutions
The many obstacles to productive climate change communication necessitate new approaches. Based on science communication strategies that promote engagement rather than knowledge transfer, we assigned participants ( N = 329) to randomized chat groups that discussed similarities between group members (intimacy condition) or information about climate change (information condition). This study combined Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and rhe…
Linguistic Influences on the Outcomes of Imposed Advice
This study examines how language used by advice recipients and whether the peer apologized before offering advice affected advice outcomes. Participants wrote about a problem and then shared the problem through online chat with a peer (who was actually an experimental confederate). Although the participant was expecting the peer to share a problem as well and stated they did not want advice, the peer gave advice. Use of future tense verbs by the …
Repairing Police Psychological Safety: The Role of Career Adaptability, Feedback Environment, and Goal-Self Concordance Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory
The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of career adaptability, feedback environment, and goal-self concordance in improving police psychological safety. Questionnaires with integral and regular answers were collected from 295 police officers from four provinces in China. The police officers completed a questionnaire that included items measuring goal-self concordance, supervisor feedback environment, psychological safety, and demogr…
Out with the Humans, in with the Machines: Investigating the Behavioral and Psychological Effects of Replacing Human Advisors with a Machine
This study investigates the effects of task demonstrability and replacing a human advisor with a machine advisor. Outcome measures include advice-utilization (trust), the perception of advisors, and decision-maker emotions. Participants were randomly assigned to make a series of forecasts dealing with either humanitarian planning (low demonstrability) or management (high demonstrability). Participants received advice from either a machine advisor…
Influence of self‐concept clarity on advice seeking and utilisation
Decision‐makers often fail to seek or utilise advice. This study examined how the extent to which individuals perceive that they know themselves influences advice seeking and taking. Drawing from uncertainty‐identification theory, the heuristic‐systematic model, and insights from the literature on advice, we asked participants ( n = 313) to rate their self‐concept clarity, and then 4 weeks later rate their confidence and completed decision scenar…
Language Use in Group Discourse and Its Relationship to Group Processes
The study examined the relationship between language use and perception of group processes. In an experiment, participants discussed their views about climate change in a group chat. Afterward, participants ( n = 239) filled out their perception of themselves and group processes. Participants who perceived more similarity among group members used less complex language (cognitive processes language) and more assenting language. As participants fel…
Effects of Gain/Loss Frames on Telling Lies of Omission and Commission
An increased focus on fake news and misinformation is currently emerging. But what does it mean when information is designated as "fake?" Research on deception has focused on lies of commission, in which people disclose something false as true. However, people can also lie by omission, by withholding important yet true information. In this research, we investigate when people are more likely to tell a lie of omission. In three studies, with tests…
Fostering climate change consensus: The role of intimacy in group discussions
This study examined if creating intimacy in a group discussion is more effective toward reaching consensus about climate change than a focus on information. Participants were randomly assigned to either a group that spent the first part of an online discussion engaging in self-disclosure and focusing on shared values (intimacy condition) or discussing information from an article about climate change (information condition). Afterward, all groups …
The Effects of Expertise, Status Power, and Language Use on Perception of Task Partner
An experiment manipulated the relative expertise and status power of dyad task partners, examining how expertise and status power affect language use and if linguistic cues that emerged during the interaction influence a partner's assessment of the speaker's competence. One hundred twenty-eight dyads worked together on a problem-solving task without knowing who had received better quality information beforehand. One hundred twenty-four interactio…
Psychology (29 works) · Social Psychology (28 works) · Computer Science (14 works) · Social Psychology (14 works) · Cognitive psychology (10 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (10 works) · Team Dynamics and Performance (9 works) · Political science (7 works) · Linguistics (6 works) · Applied Psychology (5 works)