David Banks
Biographic Data
| ID | 222103 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David Banks |
| GIVEN NAMES | David |
| FAMILY NAME | Banks |
| SIGNATURE | BANKS D |
| AFFILIATIONS | Université de Bretagne Occidentale |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2376-0710 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 47 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 68 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 47 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1984 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
The Use of Finite Verbs in the Physical Sciences Research Article in the Late Twentieth Century
This study fits into a project whose object is to chart the development of the physical sciences research article in the course of the twentieth century. It is based on a sample of six articles for the year 1960 and eight for each of the years 1970, 1980 1990 and 2000. Using Systemic Functional Linguistics as a theoretical base, it is found that the commonest process type throughout the period is relational; this is followed by material and menta…
A New Century, a New Periodical, a New Competitor
The first issue of the Trévoux journal appeared in 1701. Produced by the Jesuits, it provided a competitor for the Journal des Sçavans. Both journals relied heavily on book notices, and Religion was the most common subject dealt with. Analysis of the process types of finite verbs and of nominalized processes, and of the types of theme, shows that the Journal des Sçavans uses more material processes and less mental processes than the Trévoux journ…
To Translate or Not to Translate
The Philosophical Transactions was founded in 1665, two months after the Journal des Sçavans. It was edited by Henry Oldenburg from that date until his death in 1677. During that time he regularly printed translations of items from the Journal des Sçavans, 17 in total over that period. Grew, who took over the editorship after Oldenburg's death, continued the tradition printing four translations in the two years that he edited the journal. The Phi…
Notes on the Use of Nominalized Processes in the Physical Sciences Research Article (1970–2000)
Les procès nominalisés constituent un trait important de l’écriture scientifique. Cette étude, qui fait partie d’un projet qui vise à étudier l’évolution de l’écriture scientifique au cours du vingtième siècle, concerne l’usage des procès nominalisés dans l’article de recherche en sciences physiques ; elle s’appuie sur un petit corpus d’articles tirés de Physical Review. Le cadre théorique de l’étude est la linguistique systémique fonctionnelle. …
Rhematic Structure, a Squib
International audience
The text of the Bayeux Tapestry
The Bayeux Tapestry, which strictly speaking is not a tapestry at all but a piece of embroidery, was produced in the late 11th century, probably commissioned by Odo, bishop of Bayeux, William the Conqueror’s half-brother. Its objective is to support William’s invasion and conquest of England. It can thus be seen as a piece of 11th century propaganda. It tells the story of Harold’s oath to support William’s claims to the English crown, his subsequ…
What a difference a mandate makes! Pronoun use by french president Emmanuel Macron
Lost in Translation in 1666. A Translation Dispute Between the Philosophical Transactions and the Journal des Sçavans
International audience
Some linguistic features of the physical sciences research article before, during and after the First World War
Previous studies suggest that in times of great turbulence scientific writing becomes more conservative. In order to see whether this is true of the period of the First World War, a sample of research articles in the field of the physical sciences for the years 1900, 1910, 1920 and 1930 was studied. Features relating to process types, passives, first person pronouns, themes and nominalisation were considered. This showed that while there was litt…
Conceptual Modelling of Two Large-Scale Mine Water Geothermal Energy Schemes
A conceptual model is presented of two MW-scale low enthalpy mine water geothermal heat pump schemes that are being developed in Tyneside, UK. The Abbotsford Road scheme (54.955° N 1.556° W) is operating (as of May 2021) at 20-30 L/s, abstracting groundwater (and heat) from an unmined Coal Measures Upper Aquifer System (UAS) and reinjecting to the deeper High Main Aquifer System (HMAS), associated with the High Main (E) coal workings and the over…
Un projet de justice et de progrès social”
President Macron’s New Year message on 31 December 2019 was given against a background of social unrest due to his proposed Pension reforms. He defended his policy reiterating the phrase “un projet de justice et de progress social”, but passing responsibility for resolving the crisis to his Prime Minister. The general analytical framework is that of Systemic Functional Linguistics. Macron uses first person singular ( je ) and plural ( nous ) subj…
Turbulent periods and the development of the scientific research article, 1735–1835
The results of a previous study ( Banks 2018 ) suggest that the development of scientific writing is more conservative in times of great turbulence. In an attempt to verify this, samples were taken from the Mémoires de l’Académie des Sciences and the Philosophical Transactions for the years 1735, 1785 and 1835. The development over the years 1735 to 1785 was compared to that between 1785 and 1835. Analysis of the grammatical functions and semanti…
Reprint
Translating the English academic article for a French readership in 1686
Previous studies of translations from the Philosophical Transactions to the Journal des Sçavans in 1665 and 1675 showed that the translators adopted a strategy of selective translation. The present study looks at five examples published in 1686. Selective translation is again in evidence. Analyses of thematic structure and process types, however, show only slight differences, but with biases towards constant progression and material processes in …
Translating the academic article in the late 17th century
A Systemic Functional Grammar of English
Providing a simple – but not simplistic – introduction to the Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) of English, this book serves as a launching pad for the beginning student and a review for the more seasoned linguist. With an introduction to SFG through lexicogrammar and the concept of rankshift, this book is the first introduction to SFG (including Appraisal) with examples exclusively sourced from twenty-first century texts. Written for those learn…
Systemic Functional Grammar of English
Representing the world
L’écriture de l’article scientifique et ses premières traductions
Je pense que prendre en considération le développement historique du langage peut nous aider à comprendre son fonctionnement actuel. Par conséquent je vais étudier un échantillon des premiers exemples de la traduction d’articles savants entre deux langues vernaculaires. Le premier périodique savant est le Journal des Sçavans, paru à Paris le 5 janvier 1665. Deux mois plus tard, le 6 mars 1665, les Philosophical Transactions parurent à Londres. Le…
Bayesian dynamic modeling and monitoring of network flows
In the context of a motivating study of dynamic network flow data on a large-scale e-commerce website, we develop Bayesian models for online/sequential analysis for monitoring and adapting to changes reflected in node–node traffic. For large-scale networks, we customize core Bayesian time series analysis methods using dynamic generalized linear models (DGLMs). These are integrated into the context of multivariate networks using the concept of dec…
Protolocalization in the late seventeenth century
The standard definition of localization restricts the phenomenon to digital documents, but adaptation of texts for different readerships began long before the digital era. This paper looks at two examples from the late seventeenth century; they are both translations from the Philosophical Transactions to the Journal des Sçavans in 1675. They display a strategy of selective translation, combined in the second case with reorganization of the text. …
Introduction
The extent to which the passive voice is used in the scientific journal article, 1985–2015
Some recent research has suggested that use of the passive voice in scientific writing has declined over the last few years. This study attempts to see to what extent that is true. The corpus consists of 32 scientific articles with 8 taken from the publications of the Royal Society of London for each of the years 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2015. Half of the articles are from Series A (physical sciences) publications and half from Series B (biological s…
Agent Based Modeling, Statistics of
Thematic Structure and Progression in Some Late Seventeenth-Century French Texts
Eliminating Tobacco-Related Health Disparities
Certain groups in the United States remain at high risk and suffer disproportionately from tobacco-related illness and death despite progress made in reducing tobacco use. To address gaps in research on tobacco-related disparities and develop a comprehensive agenda aimed at reducing such disparities, representatives from funding agencies, community-based organizations, and academic institutions convened at the National Conference on Tobacco and H…
The Analysis of Human Rights Data over Time
The last two decades have seen an upsurge in the documentation of human rights abuses. Amnesty International, Freedom House, the United States Government's State Department, the Yale Political Data Program, and many other organizations and private citizens have collected data on the status of freedom around the world. Now it is coming time to analyze these data. Governments have begun to incorporate such information into their policy making; fund…
Social Network Methodology in the Study of Disasters
Models for network evolution
This paper describes mathematical models for network evolution when ties (edges) are directed and the node set is xed. Each of these models implies a speci c type of departure from the standard null binomial model. We provide statistical tests that, in keeping with these models, are sensitive to particular types of departures from the null. Each model (and associated test) discussed follows directly from one or more socio-cognitive theories about…
After a Disaster
L’écriture de l’article scientifique et ses premières traductions
Je pense que prendre en considération le développement historique du langage peut nous aider à comprendre son fonctionnement actuel. Par conséquent je vais étudier un échantillon des premiers exemples de la traduction d’articles savants entre deux langues vernaculaires. Le premier périodique savant est le Journal des Sçavans, paru à Paris le 5 janvier 1665. Deux mois plus tard, le 6 mars 1665, les Philosophical Transactions parurent à Londres. Le…
Protolocalization in the late seventeenth century
The standard definition of localization restricts the phenomenon to digital documents, but adaptation of texts for different readerships began long before the digital era. This paper looks at two examples from the late seventeenth century; they are both translations from the Philosophical Transactions to the Journal des Sçavans in 1675. They display a strategy of selective translation, combined in the second case with reorganization of the text. …
Introduction
The position of ideology in a systemic functional model
The SFL model has traditionally been presented as a series of levels one within the other in Russian doll style. This is usually represented visually as concentric circles or triangles. The outer layer of this model is that of Ideology, within which are found those of Context (culture and/or situation). Comparison of appropriate texts suggests that the relationship of Ideology to the rest of the model may be somewhat different. Texts may have vir…
Translating the English academic article for a French readership in 1686
Previous studies of translations from the Philosophical Transactions to the Journal des Sçavans in 1665 and 1675 showed that the translators adopted a strategy of selective translation. The present study looks at five examples published in 1686. Selective translation is again in evidence. Analyses of thematic structure and process types, however, show only slight differences, but with biases towards constant progression and material processes in …
Translating the academic article in the late 17th century
Starting science in the vernacular. Notes on some early issues of the Philosophical Transactions and the Journal des Sçavans, 1665-1700
Le Journal des Sçavans et les Philosophical Transactions ont été fondés tous les deux en 1665, et sont devenus des revues majeures qui continuent d'exister de nos jours. Les deux ont également connu des difficultés dans les premières années de leur existence. Cette étude prend comme base un mini-corpus couvrant la période 1665-1695. Elle suggère que pendant cette période le Journal des Sçavans a peu évolué ; les comptes rendus de livres constitua…
Philosophy, Science, Ideology and the establishment of science as a profession
Cet article a pour cadre le contexte des origines de l’anglais scientifique. Une étude des entrées de l’OED révèle que Newton se serait considéré comme un philosophe. L’article compare deux traits linguistiques présentés dans l’Opticks de Newton, écrit entre 1675 et 1687, et le Traité de la lumière de Huygens, publié en 1690 : les pronoms personnels sujets et les procès nominalisés. Newton utilise I comme sujet, tandis que Huygens emploie je, nou…
A note on modality in French
This paper deals with certain lexicogrammatical, rather than the more commonly treated semantic, aspects of modality in French. The realization of modal meaning in French covers more or less the same range of resources as English, with the exception that where English has an auxiliary + verb construction, French does not, and uses rather a verb + infinitive construction. French grammars usually call the finite verb in this construction a “semi-au…
Shorter Reviews
The Analysis of Human Rights Data over Time
The last two decades have seen an upsurge in the documentation of human rights abuses. Amnesty International, Freedom House, the United States Government's State Department, the Yale Political Data Program, and many other organizations and private citizens have collected data on the status of freedom around the world. Now it is coming time to analyze these data. Governments have begun to incorporate such information into their policy making; fund…
Some observations concerning transitivity and modality in scientific writing
Nonparametric inference for network data
Various theoretical concerns often require researchers to answer questions of the form does co‐membership in a group predict other ties between those individuals. Data appropriate for answering such a question often is referred to as network data. Network data exhibits row‐column dependencies that often invalidate traditional statistical methods for doing group comparisons such as analysis of variance and the Kruskal‐Wallis Procedure. Because of …
Models for evolving fixed node networks
Models for network evolution
This paper describes mathematical models for network evolution when ties (edges) are directed and the node set is xed. Each of these models implies a speci c type of departure from the standard null binomial model. We provide statistical tests that, in keeping with these models, are sensitive to particular types of departures from the null. Each model (and associated test) discussed follows directly from one or more socio-cognitive theories about…
The things we make
A note on modality in French
This paper deals with certain lexicogrammatical, rather than the more commonly treated semantic, aspects of modality in French. The realization of modal meaning in French covers more or less the same range of resources as English, with the exception that where English has an auxiliary + verb construction, French does not, and uses rather a verb + infinitive construction. French grammars usually call the finite verb in this construction a “semi-au…
Anglophone systemicists and French enunciativists
Eliminating Tobacco-Related Health Disparities
Certain groups in the United States remain at high risk and suffer disproportionately from tobacco-related illness and death despite progress made in reducing tobacco use. To address gaps in research on tobacco-related disparities and develop a comprehensive agenda aimed at reducing such disparities, representatives from funding agencies, community-based organizations, and academic institutions convened at the National Conference on Tobacco and H…
Philosophy, Science, Ideology and the establishment of science as a profession
Cet article a pour cadre le contexte des origines de l’anglais scientifique. Une étude des entrées de l’OED révèle que Newton se serait considéré comme un philosophe. L’article compare deux traits linguistiques présentés dans l’Opticks de Newton, écrit entre 1675 et 1687, et le Traité de la lumière de Huygens, publié en 1690 : les pronoms personnels sujets et les procès nominalisés. Newton utilise I comme sujet, tandis que Huygens emploie je, nou…
Emerging scientific discourse in the late seventeenth century
This study concerns two scientific texts of the late seventeenth century. One is Newton’s Opticks , written in English; the other, written in French, is Traité de la lumière by Huygens. It is argued that the two writers have different ideologies, in the sense that Newton is working in an empirical framework, whereas Huygens is a Cartesian. This has an effect on the semantics and lexicogrammar of the two texts. The percentage of Material process p…
Social Network Methodology in the Study of Disasters
After a Disaster
Starting science in the vernacular. Notes on some early issues of the Philosophical Transactions and the Journal des Sçavans, 1665-1700
Le Journal des Sçavans et les Philosophical Transactions ont été fondés tous les deux en 1665, et sont devenus des revues majeures qui continuent d'exister de nos jours. Les deux ont également connu des difficultés dans les premières années de leur existence. Cette étude prend comme base un mini-corpus couvrant la période 1665-1695. Elle suggère que pendant cette période le Journal des Sçavans a peu évolué ; les comptes rendus de livres constitua…
The position of ideology in a systemic functional model
The SFL model has traditionally been presented as a series of levels one within the other in Russian doll style. This is usually represented visually as concentric circles or triangles. The outer layer of this model is that of Ideology, within which are found those of Context (culture and/or situation). Comparison of appropriate texts suggests that the relationship of Ideology to the rest of the model may be somewhat different. Texts may have vir…
Sensitivity to long-term climate change of subpermafrost groundwater systems in Svalbard
Deep subpermafrost aquifers are highly climate-dependent, with the permafrost as an aquitard preventing groundwater recharge and discharge. A study from the high-arctic island of Spitsbergen, Svalbard, shows that during a glacial to interglacial phase, both the permafrost and the glacier regime will respond to climatic changes, and a glacier-fed groundwater flow system will vary accordingly. A full glaciation results in the melting of permafrost,…
The interpersonal metafunction in French from a Systemic Functional perspective
Reproducible Research
This editorial explores statistical methods to improve reproducibility and provide a more reliable foundation for trust in scientific research
Synthetic Priors that Merge Opinion from Multiple Experts
Public policy relies strongly upon expert opinion, especially in risk assessment for rare events. But expert opinion is often inconsistent, both within and between experts. We therefore develop a statistical model for the elicited opinions, and use that to borrow strength across the responses through an exchangeable prior. Several versions of that prior are considered; the most advanced uses covariate information on the experts to characterize th…
Agent Based Modeling, Statistics of
Thematic Structure and Progression in Some Late Seventeenth-Century French Texts
Domains of study and genres in late seventeenth-century science
The
Approaching the Journal des Sçavans , 1665–1695
The Journal des Sçavans was the first academic journal to appear. The first issue was published in Paris in January 1665. It was edited by Denis de Sallo at the instigation of Louis XIV’s first minister, Colbert, whose objective was the state control of new knowledge. This study is based on a sample of texts from the Journal des Sçavans for the period 1665–1696 totalling approximately 66,000 words. These texts are available on Internet, but only …
The extent to which the passive voice is used in the scientific journal article, 1985–2015
Some recent research has suggested that use of the passive voice in scientific writing has declined over the last few years. This study attempts to see to what extent that is true. The corpus consists of 32 scientific articles with 8 taken from the publications of the Royal Society of London for each of the years 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2015. Half of the articles are from Series A (physical sciences) publications and half from Series B (biological s…
Philosophy (27 works) · Linguistics (21 works) · Computer Science (20 works) · Sociology (18 works) · Philosophy (16 works) · Historical and Literary Studies (13 works) · Linguistics and Discourse Analysis (13 works) · History (12 works) · Mathematics (12 works) · Political science (12 works)