Paul Sharp
Biographic Data
| ID | 271040 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paul Sharp |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paul |
| FAMILY NAME | Sharp |
| SIGNATURE | SHARP P |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Southern Denmark |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5616-3181 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 96 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 175 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 94 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1968 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Participant perceptions of HAT TRICKTM Cricket: A culturally-adapted intervention for men with South Asian backgrounds in Australia
Individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds frequently experience complex health barriers arising from migration related factors and cultural differences within their new communities. Men with South Asian backgrounds in Australia represent a group particularly affected by these intersecting factors in addition to gender-related influences. In response, HAT TRICKTM Cricket, a culturally adapted health promotion interv…
Of the bovine ilk: Quantifying the welfare of dairy cattle in history, 1750–1900
The costs, benefits, and ethical considerations regarding animal welfare are a central element in modern capitalist agriculture, yet systematic quantitative historical insights are lacking. To overcome this, we seek to understand animal welfare in the Danish dairy sector from 1750 to 1900, a period marked by significant agricultural development and industrialization. By applying contemporary animal welfare metrics to historical data, we uncover a…
Alcohol as social glue and gloom in men's mutual help for mental health
Peer support is increasingly advocated for promoting men's mental health. That said, men's peer connections are often socially intertwined with alcohol use, which can limit potential mental health gains. This article describes the gendered dimensions of alcohol use in men's peer mutual help for mental health. Drawing on photovoice interviews with 52 Canadian-based men, we inductively derived two themes: alcohol as social glue, and alcohol as soci…
Assessing the Educational Elite: Evaluating the Danish and Norwegian High School Yearbook Tradition
Data or Deception: Imposter Participants in Online Qualitative Research
Online recruitment and data collection in qualitative research grew significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing a host of benefits including cost and time savings for researchers and participants. However, significant risks and limitations exist when recruiting and interviewing participants online. ‘Imposter participants’ have emerged, seemingly incentivized by study honoraria. These imposter participants invoke significant administrati…
Ireland in a Danish mirror: A microlevel comparison of the productivity of Danish and Irish creameries before the First World War
The relative success of the Danish and failure of the Irish dairy industries before the First World War is often contrasted given their competition for the lucrative British butter market. The traditional narrative implicitly assumes that Ireland failed because it was unsuccessful at adopting the cooperative institution, and that Irish cooperatives were not as efficient as their Danish counterparts, despite having been explicitly modelled on them…
Designing Gender-Responsive Health Promotion Programs for Men: A Scoping Review
Over the past decade, there has been an increased emphasis on tailoring men’s health promotion programs. To optimize outcomes, participatory action research that involves and elicits feedback from end-users has been highlighted as important to creating gender-responsive interventions. In this scoping review, we examine (a) how participatory action research has been used to design health promotion interventions for men and (b) what constitutes a g…
Picture this: Men building intimate partner relationships
Objectives: The quality of intimate partner relationships strongly influences men’s mental health, yet little research attention has been given to these relationships from a strengths-based critical masculinities perspective. Addressing this knowledge gap, this photovoice study provides insights into young men’s experiences of, and perspectives about, building intimate partner relationships. Design: Photovoice methodology. Setting: This study was…
Working with men – perspectives on men’s health education and behaviour
Helping men build better intimate partner relationships: Canadian provider perspectives
Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the strategies used by Canadian healthcare providers to assist men in strengthening their intimate partner relationships. Design: Qualitative research study. Method: Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews. Using interpretive descriptive methods, secondary analysis inductively identified the strategies used by 10 Canadian-based healthcare providers. Participants comprised …
Holy cows and spilled milk: The impact of religious missions on firm-level productivity
Did religious missions influence firm-level productivity? This study examines the impact of the Inner Mission (IM) movement on productivity in early twentieth-century Denmark, a predominantly Protestant and homogeneous society undergoing rapid industrialization. Using data on 964 creameries and employing an instrumental variables approach, we provide evidence that IM intensity reduced productivity in butter production, measured by the Milk-to-But…
Sexual minority men’s experiences of, and strategies for emotional intimacy in intimate partner relationships
Emotional intimacy is key to intimate partner relationship quality and satisfaction. For sexual minority men, queer and feminist theorists consistently link emotional intimacy to diverse sexual practices and partnership dynamics formulated within the relationship. This Photovoice study adds to those insights by drawing on individual photovoice interviews with 16 sexual minority men to describe participant's experiences of, and strategies for emot…
The Gendered Barriers to Men's Mental Health Peer Support: A Photovoice Study
While men's mental health help-seeking has received increased clinical and research attention, little information exists regarding men's perspectives and experiences of peer support and mutual help for mental health challenges. Drawing on qualitative photovoice interviews with 65 men living in Canada ( M = 37; SD = 15.5 years), thematic analyses were conducted to explore the gendered barriers to men's mental health peer support. Two inductively d…
Men’s peer support for mental health challenges: Future directions for research and practice
Peer support has a long history of helping people navigate mental health challenges and is increasingly utilized within men’s mental health promotion initiatives. Despite considerable research conceptualizing and evaluating peer support in various contexts, little is known about the gendered dimensions of men’s peer support and mutual help for mental health. This article provides an empirically informed commentary on men’s peer support and inform…
The Commercial Determinants of Men’s Health Promotion: A Case Study of Gambling, Nonnies, and Athleisurewear
Although the social determinants of health have guided equity work with the tailoring of men’s health promotion programs, the role of, and potential for, the commercial determinants of health in those interventions is rarely addressed and poorly understood. While four commercial products, tobacco, alcohol, ultra-processed food, and fossil fuels, account for more than a third of global deaths, there is a need to recognize that consumer goods indus…
Masculinity, Meat, and Veg*nism: A Scoping Review
Men historically consume more meat than women, show fewer intentions to reduce meat consumption, and are underrepresented among vegans and vegetarians. Eating meat strongly aligns with normative masculinities, decisively affirming that “real men” eat meat and subordinating men who choose to be veg* n (vegan or vegetarian). The emergence of meat alternatives and increasing environmental concerns may contest these long-standing masculine norms and …
Relational gendered dimensions of emotions in heterosexual cisgender Men’s intimate partnerships
Illuminating relational gendered dimensions of emotions in heterosexual cisgender men’s intimate partnerships, this study addresses a significant knowledge gap in masculinities, emotionality and health work. Thematic analyses of individual photovoice interviews with 92 men from diverse locales and ethnocultural backgrounds revealed a trilogy of men’s practices regarding emotions. Emotional restraint was embodied by men withholding rather than fre…
Australian men's help-seeking pathways for anxiety
Globally, there has been a substantial increase in the number of men being diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Despite this, men's mental health research often focusses on uncovering why men don't, rather than why they do, seek help. Within this context, men's help-seeking pathways for anxiety are poorly understood. This study mapped the help-seeking pathways of 419 Australian-based men for anxiety. Respondents 16 to 77 years-old (M = 40.92 years, …
Men’s Preferences for Language and Communication in Mental Health Promotion: A Qualitative Study
Tailored language and communication strategies underpin men's engagement with public health initiatives. The aim of this study was to explore men's preferences for language and communication in mental health promotion and provide recommendations for current and future programs. A sequential mixed-methods design was used including five focus groups and 21 individual interviews with 64 men. Interpretive description was used to inductively derive th…
Globalization and Empire: Market Integration and International Trade among Canada, the US, and Britain, 1750–1870
Wheat market integration between the US and the UK before the “first era of globalization” (in the second half of the nineteenth century) was frequently interrupted by policy and “exogenous” events such as wars. This paper adds Canada to this story by looking at trade and price data, as well as contemporary debates. This allows us to triangulate the role of policy and wars, since Canada as a small open economy was part of the British Empire. We f…
The sleeping giant who left for America: Danish land inequality and emigration during the age of mass migration
Participatory Action Research and Knowledge Dissemination in Virtual Photovoice: Methodological Insights
Despite the methodological spread of virtual photovoice, alignments to and potential advances for the participatory action research (PAR) and knowledge dissemination (KD) components of in-person photovoice are poorly understood. Detailing the PAR and KD processes, practices, and products drawn from a virtual photovoice study examining men's experiences of and perspectives about equitable intimate partner relationships, the current article offers …
Engaging Men in Intimate Partner Relationship Programs: Service Provider and Stakeholder Perspectives
Men’s intimate partner relationship services have focused on correcting the behaviors of male perpetrators of intimate partner (IPV) and/or domestic violence (DV). There is a need to advance IPV and DV prevention efforts by better equipping men with relationship skills. This study explores service providers’ and stakeholders’ perspectives about the challenges and strategies for assisting men to build better intimate partner relationships. Intervi…
“Hey Amir, How Are You Really Doing?”: Participant Perspectives of a Peer-Based Suicide Prevention Campaign for Men
Suicide is a major public health concern and leading cause of death among men in Canada. This study reports the feasibility and acceptability of Buddy Up, a peer-based suicide prevention campaign for men. A mixed-methods approach was used to analyze respondent survey questionnaires ( n = 48) and individual participant interviews ( n = 19) collected from campaign users. Survey respondents reported that they enjoyed their involvement in the campaig…
‘Propitious contrast’: Romanian borrowing in a Balkan mirror, 1878–1913
How was Romania able to borrow cheaply on the international capital markets before World War I? We explore this within the context of its three southeast European neighbours, Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia, using a novel dataset of monthly bond prices from the Berlin and London stock exchanges. A comparison of country characteristics and panel data analysis suggests that Romania was able to borrow under more favourable conditions due to its abundant…
For Diplomacy: Representation and the Study of InternationalRelations
People engaged in international relations/international studies (IR/IS) should study more diplomacy, especially since diplomacy is reviving in the aftermath of the Cold War. In methodological and theoretical terms, diplomacy has fallen afoul of the old arguments between diplomatic historians and IR/IS theorists. In prescriptive terms, it has fallen foul of critical perspectives on states, their practices, and their rationales. Advocates of diplom…
Pre‐Reformation Roots of the Protestant Ethic
We hypothesize that cultural appreciation of hard work and thrift, the Protestant ethic according \nto Max Weber, had a pre-Reformation origin. The proximate source of these values was, according to \nthe proposed theory, the Catholic Order of Cistercians. In support, we first document an impact from \nthe Order on growth within the epicenter of the industrial revolution; English counties that were more \nexposed to Cistercian monasteries experie…
Who Needs Diplomats: The Problem of Diplomatic Representation
What or who does the post-cold war diplomat represent? Two trends are evident: increasing institutionalized multilateralism aimed at a stronger international order, either by improving co-operation between states or transcending the need for it; and the tendency to see diplomats in terms of the skills they possess and the jobs they do, rather than whom they represent. Because both developments seem to move diplomats further away from the sovereig…
Law and Peace: Contracts and the Success of the Danish Dairy Cooperatives
We consider the successful early emergence of cooperative creameries in Denmark in the late nineteenth century within the framework of the "new institutional economics" presented by Oliver Williamson. Previous work focused on the social cohesion of the Danes, but we demonstrate that this was not sufficient for their success. The Danish legal system, which we compare to that of other countries, was also of crucial importance, along with the way in…
Globalization revisited: Market integration and the wheat trade between North America and Britain from the eighteenth century
Winners and losers from agrarian reform: Evidence from Danish land inequality 1682–1895
Pro-market and pro-farmer agrarian reforms enacted in eighteenth century Denmark laid the basis for rural development but we demonstrate that they also resulted in increased inequality. We investigate this using a novel parish-level database spanning more than two centuries. We identify the impact of land quality on inequality following the reforms by instrumenting with soil type and find increases in areas with more productive land. We propose a…
Who Needs Diplomats? The Problems of Diplomatic Representation
The D anish agricultural revolution in an energy perspective: A case of development with few domestic energy sources
This article examines the case of D enmark—a country which historically had next to no domestic energy resources—for which new historical energy accounts are presented for the years 1800–1913. It demonstrates that D enmark's take‐off at the end of the nineteenth century was relatively energy dependent. This is related to Denmark's well‐known agricultural transformation and development through the dairy industry, and thus the article complements t…
The strange birth of liberal Denmark: Danish trade protection and the growth of the dairy industry since the mid-nineteenth century1
The usual story of the 'first era of globalization' at the end of the nineteenth century sees Denmark as something of an outlier: a country which, like the UK, resisted the globalization backlash in the wake of the inflow of cheap grain from the New World, but where agriculture, rather than going into decline, in fact flourished. Key to the success of Danish agriculture was an early diversification towards dairy production. This article challenge…
Herbert Butterfield, the English School and the Civilizing Virtues of Diplomacy
Journal Article Herbert Butterfield, the English School and the Civilizing Virtues of Diplomacy Get access Paul Sharp Paul Sharp 1University of Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 79, Issue 4, July 2003, Pages 855–878, https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.00340 Published: 18 November 2003
Making Sense of Citizen Diplomats: The People of Duluth, Minnesota, as International Actors
What is citizen diplomacy and how do we assess its significance? These are important questions because of the recent upsurge in international activity of this kind, and because how we answer them says a great deal about how we “do IR.” By examining citizen diplomacy in Duluth, Minnesota, this paper offers a typology of citizen diplomats organized around the ideas of who or what they are representing and to whom. Assessing the significance of citi…
Between the Blocs: Problems and Prospects for Europe's Neutral and Nonaligned States
Monopsony Power and Wages: Evidence from the Introduction of Serfdom in Denmark
We exploit a large historical shock to the Danish labour market to provide evidence of how restrictions on labour mobility increase monopsony power and thereby reduce wages. By severely limiting the possibility of the rural population to work beyond their place of birth, the reintroduction of serfdom in 1733 aimed to increase monopsony power and secure cheaper labour in the countryside. Using a unique data source based on the archives of estates …
Does Welfare Spending Crowd out Charitable Activity? Evidence from Historical England under the Poor Laws
This study examines the relationship between government spending and charitable activity. We present a novel way of testing the ‘crowding out hypothesis’, making use of the fact that welfare provision under the Old Poor Laws was decided at the parish level, thus giving heterogeneity within a single country. Using data on poor relief spending combined with data on charitable incomes by county before and after 1800, we find a positive relationship:…
The determinants of income in a Malthusian equilibrium
The sleeping giant who left for America: Danish land inequality and emigration during the age of mass migration
Malthus in preindustrial Northern Italy
Competition between organisational forms in Danish and Irish dairying around the turn of the twentieth century
By 1914, Danish butter had captured a sizeable share of the British market, largely at the expense of Irish suppliers. This is usually attributed to a more successful adoption of the cooperative organisational form, where cultural and legal issues put the Irish at a disadvantage. We argue that there were also significant differences in the private sector in the two countries, where large incumbent proprietary creameries in Ireland were in a stron…
A Firm Level Database of Irish Creameries, 1897–1921
We present a microlevel database of Irish cooperative creameries covering the period 1897–1921. The data were hand collected from the annual reports of the Irish Agricultural Organisation Society (IAOS) and contain information from 531 creameries and covering 49 variables. We perform some initial analysis of the data, finding considerable heterogeneity in the productivity of creameries as measured by the milk/butter ratio. We focus on differences…
Arresting the Sword of Damocles: The transition to the post-Malthusian era in Denmark
The Malthusian model is the subject of a fierce debate within economic history. Although the positive causal relationship postulated from living standards to population growth is relatively uncontroversial for preindustrial societies, this cannot be said for the other key relationship, diminishing returns due to fixed supplies of land. We argue that Denmark, which was characterized by extreme resource and environmental constraints until the final…
Just add milk: A productivity analysis of the revolutionary changes in nineteenth-centuryDanish dairying
The late nineteenth-centuryDanish agricultural revolution saw the modernization and growth of the dairy industry.Denmark rapidly caught up with the leading economies, andDanish dairying led the world in terms of productivity. Uniquely in a world perspective, high quality micro-level data exist documenting this episode. These allow the use of the tool of modern agricultural economists, stochastic frontier analysis, to estimate production functions…
Greasing the wheels of rural transformation? Margarine and the competition for theBritish butter market
This article considers an example of the impact of a new good on producers of close substitutes: the invention of margarine and its rapid introduction into the British market from the mid-1870s. This presented a challenge to the traditional suppliers of that market, butter producers from different European countries. We argue that the capacity to react quickly to the appearance of this cheap substitute by improving quality and establishing produc…
The cost of railroad regulation: The disintegration of American agricultural markets in the interwar period
This article investigates the costs of transport regulation using the example of agricultural markets in theUS. Using a large database of prices by state of agricultural commodities, we find that dispersion fell for many commodities until theFirstWorldWar. We demonstrate that this reflected changes in transport costs which in turn in the long run depended on productivity growth in railroads. The year 1920 marked a change in this relationship, how…
Academics, Practitioners, and Diplomacy: An ISP Symposium on the Theory and Practice of Diplomacy
Academics, Practitioners, and Diplomacy: An ISP Symposium on the Theory and Practice of Diplomacy Get access Paul Sharp, Paul Sharp University of Minnesota–Duluth, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John Hemery, John Hemery Centre for Political and Diplomatic Studies, Oxford, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Pamela Aall, Pamela Aall U.S. Institute of Peace, Search for o…
The death of Soviet diplomacy
The Entry of County Councils Into English Educational Administration, 1889
Whiskey Money’ and the Development of Technical and Secondary Education in the 1890s
The Place of the European Community in the Foreign Policy of British Governments, 1961-1971
Canada as a principal power: A study in foreign policy and international relations
Journal Article Canada as a principal power: a study in foreign policy and international relations Get access Canada as a principal power: a study in foreign policy and international relations. By D. B. Dewittand J. J. Kirton. Toronto: Wiley. 1983. 478pp. Paul Sharp Paul Sharp 1Queen's University of Kingston, Ontario Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 60, Issue 4, Autumn 1984, Pa…
Small State Foreign Policy and International Regimes: The Case of Ireland and the European Monetary System and the Common Fisheries Policy
Victorian Values and the Private Funding of Education — the Case of the Schools of Art in the 1860s
External challenges and domestic legitimacy: Ireland's foreign policy, 1983–87
In this paper the impact of EC membership on the foreign policy of the coalition government led by Garret FitzGerald between 1982 and 1987 is examined. It is argued that while the EC presented a number of major challenges to the government, notably on the milk super levy and some aspects of the Single European Act, it generally remained true to its communautaire self‐image, reassuring its fellow members of the Community and minimising the scale o…
Between the Blocs: Problems and Prospects for Europe's Neutral and Nonaligned States
The great test: Soviet diplomacy and the Gulf War
(1992). The great test: Soviet diplomacy and the Gulf War. Diplomacy & Statecraft: Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 272-302
Adieu to the Superpowers
For over thirty years, international politics has been dominated by the image of a bipolar international system structured around the rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union. These two countries were regarded as superpowers because they were much larger and stronger than the rest, and in the course of their competition with one another, they marshalled alliances which included most of the other wealthy and developed states in the i…
Education and the Social Order, 1940-1990
The Origins of Technical Education for the Printing Industry
The death of Soviet diplomacy
Who Needs Diplomats? The Problems of Diplomatic Representation
Who Needs Diplomats: The Problem of Diplomatic Representation
What or who does the post-cold war diplomat represent? Two trends are evident: increasing institutionalized multilateralism aimed at a stronger international order, either by improving co-operation between states or transcending the need for it; and the tendency to see diplomats in terms of the skills they possess and the jobs they do, rather than whom they represent. Because both developments seem to move diplomats further away from the sovereig…
Diplomacy and Diplomatic Studies
I read with great interest the responses of Brian Hocking and Andrew Cooper (winter 1997-8) to my article on diplomatic representation. It was an honour to draw the attention (and fire) of two scholars whose expertise in the field is self-evident. They make two charges: that my defence of diplomacy plays into the hands of its detractors (Hocking) and that the state-centric approach on which my argument is based closes down discussion of diplomacy…
Coping with Decline: Recent Books on British Diplomatic and Political History
p laul Kennedy has identified a pattern in the histories of the great powers: nations which rise inevitably fall. It is counter-intuitive, but a nations strength (primarily economic and military) is the cause of its eventual demise. As nations ascend they extend their commitments and resources. At a critical moment commitment turns into over-commitment and resources become over-stretched. The political result is
Thatcher's Diplomacy: The Revival of British Foreign Policy
For Diplomacy: Representation and the Study of InternationalRelations
People engaged in international relations/international studies (IR/IS) should study more diplomacy, especially since diplomacy is reviving in the aftermath of the Cold War. In methodological and theoretical terms, diplomacy has fallen afoul of the old arguments between diplomatic historians and IR/IS theorists. In prescriptive terms, it has fallen foul of critical perspectives on states, their practices, and their rationales. Advocates of diplom…
Using the past to understand the present: Consideration of the cases for and against a Jewish secondary school in Leeds
Cet article montre dans le cas precis l'etablissement d'une ecole secondaire juive a Leeds, les liens entre le passe, le present et le futur restent etroits; les contraintes heritees du passe affectaient et affecteront toujours la situation presente et future. Les evidences concernant l'etablissement possible et futur d'un lycee juif a Leeds sont considerees et les positions des parties concernees sont analysees selon le contexte historique local
Time for America to Join the Commonwealth
IT IS TIME FOR THE UNITED STATES to join the Commonwealth. Membership in the Commonwealth would facilitate the kind of globalization that is in the American national interest, and it would serve as a hedge against the emergence of a less benign international order based on civilizational power politics. In return, United States membership would offer the Commonwealth a much-needed shot in the arm in terms of resources and ideas that could transfo…
Making Sense of Citizen Diplomats: The People of Duluth, Minnesota, as International Actors
What is citizen diplomacy and how do we assess its significance? These are important questions because of the recent upsurge in international activity of this kind, and because how we answer them says a great deal about how we “do IR.” By examining citizen diplomacy in Duluth, Minnesota, this paper offers a typology of citizen diplomats organized around the ideas of who or what they are representing and to whom. Assessing the significance of citi…
Academics, Practitioners, and Diplomacy: An ISP Symposium on the Theory and Practice of Diplomacy
Academics, Practitioners, and Diplomacy: An ISP Symposium on the Theory and Practice of Diplomacy Get access Paul Sharp, Paul Sharp University of Minnesota–Duluth, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John Hemery, John Hemery Centre for Political and Diplomatic Studies, Oxford, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Pamela Aall, Pamela Aall U.S. Institute of Peace, Search for o…
Managing improvement in the 16‐19 curriculum through student monitoring and target setting: A critical evaluation
Cet article presente une evaluation critique de l'action menee par les etablissement du secondaire deuxieme cycle dans l'implementation d'une politique d'intervention positive visant a ameliorer le niveau de la performance des eleves de 16 a 19 ans a travers un suivi du progres de l'eleve et la mise en place d'objectifs pedagogiques. Les auteurs s'appuient sur une etude recente realisee dans le Nord et l'Ouest du Yorkshire
Mullah Zaeef and Taliban diplomacy: An English School approach
The recent revival of interest in the English School has emphasised the historical and, hence, impermanent and incomplete character of international societies. Its focus has been upon the circumstances in which specific societies come into being, flourish and fade, with a view to making better sense of what is happening in and to the contemporary international society of states. Recent commentary, however, has noted both the insistence of the fir…
Political science (58 works) · Economics (42 works) · Sociology (35 works) · Law (33 works) · Law (27 works) · Politics (27 works) · Psychology (20 works) · Diplomacy (18 works) · Historical Economic and Social Studies (16 works) · Economic history (14 works)