D G Lewis
Biographic Data
| ID | 2745741 |
|---|---|
| NAME | D G Lewis |
| GIVEN NAMES | D G |
| FAMILY NAME | Lewis |
| SIGNATURE | LEWIS D G |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Exeter |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8655-6178 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 41 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 384 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 41 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1957 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
The Dark Carnival: Bakhtin and Ideology in Wartime Russia
In this article, I explain how ideology in Russia’s war against Ukraine has been formulated within specific genres and discourses that are reminiscent of the carnivalesque. Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept of carnival has often been used to conceptualise forms of democratic resistance to authoritarianism. Yet alternative readings have always questioned this notion of carnival as liberation, and instead present the Bakhtinian carnival as a potential spac…
Corruption and Revisionism: The Role of Illicit Finance in Russian Foreign Policy
Civilizationism and the Ideological Contestation of the Liberal International Order
Discourses and practices reproducing a world where a plurality of distinct civilizations clash or dialogue, rise or fall, color multiple facets of global politics today. How should we interpret this unexpected surge in civilizational politics, especially notable in the United States, Europe, the Middle East, China, and Russia? This paper argues that the growing turn to civilizations or, better, civilizationism should be understood as a counter-he…
Corruption, patronage and illiberal peace: Forging political settlement in post-conflict Kyrgyzstan
This article engages critically with recent literature on political settlements through a case study of inter-ethnic conflict in southern Kyrgyzstan. The case study traces how a new political settlement emerged in the aftermath of conflict, despite a rejection of international proposals on conflict resolution. Instead, local elites constructed an exclusionary form of social order, forged through dispossession and violence, maintained by informal …
Sri Lanka's Schmittian peace: Sovereignty, Enmity and Illiberal Order
The dominant discourses and practices of post-Cold War liberal peace-building are increasingly challenged by illiberal and authoritarian alternatives. This article adds to the emerging literature on ‘authoritarian conflict management’ and ‘illiberal peace’ using the work of the controversial German jurist Carl Schmitt, the foremost theoretician of anti-liberal thought in the twentieth-century. I use the case of Sri Lanka to illustrate how Schmitt…
Authoritarian Powers and Norm Contestation in the Liberal International Order: Theorizing the Power Politics of Ideas and Identity
Are rising authoritarian powers such as China and Russia converging towards or challenging the normative structures of the liberal international order? This article argues that scholarship on norm contestation provides a fruitful theoretical avenue for addressing this question. It finds, however, that this literature has problematically tended to either overlook or externalize power dynamics from norm contestation. The article therefore proposes …
Illiberal peace? Authoritarian modes of conflict management
In a contested international order, ideas of liberal peacebuilding are being supplanted by state-centric, authoritarian responses to internal armed conflicts. In this article we suggest that existing research has not yet sufficiently recognised this important shift in conflict management practice. Scholarship in peace and conflict studies has avoided hard cases of ‘illiberal peace’, or categorises them simply as military victories. Drawing on acc…
The myopic Foucauldian gaze: Discourse, knowledge and the authoritarian peace
The discourse of liberal peacebuilding has often been characterized by critics as a hegemonic discourse, in which power and knowledge are co-constitutive. Influenced by the work of Michel Foucault, an important strand of the literature has demonstrated how epistemic communities have produced knowledge that supports this discourse, while marginalizing other, contrary voices. A ‘local turn’ has sought to uncover what Foucault termed ‘subjugated kno…
The Ethics of Security Research: An Ethics Framework for Contemporary Security Studies
Offering a framework for ethical assessment, this article draws attention to the ethical issues accompanying empirical research on security. Speaking to the various subfields and schools of broadly conceived applied security studies, we classify the many ethical issues specific to empirical research on security, conflict, and political violence into researcher-related problems, subject-related problems, and result-related problems. We evaluate th…
Engagements with a Productively Unstable Category: Anthropologists and Nongovernmental Organizations
The category "NGO" (nongovernmental organization) is notoriously hard to fix. The term NGO-which defines these organizations in terms of what they are not-masks great diversity and assumes an unproblematic boundary. The use of the term persists, in no small part because several different types of actors involved in a range of fields depend on what we call the "productive instability" inherent to the NGO category. As a discipline, given our histor…
Blogging Zhanaozen: Hegemonic discourse and authoritarian resilience in Kazakhstan
Post-Soviet authoritarian regimes – particularly in Central Asia – have proved highly resilient since independence. Existing explanations for regime longevity should be augmented by consideration of non-material, discursive sources of political legitimacy. A robust authoritarian regime requires the production and circulation of a hegemonic discourse that is internalized by influential social groups. This type of dominant discourse has emerged in …
Nuevo Trabajo para una Teoría de los Universales
Nota del traductor: El texto que se presenta aquí es la primera parte de la traducción,correspondiente a la introducción y las dos primeras secciones del artículo original. En el siguiente número de la revista se publicará la segunda parte, correspondiente a las secciones restantes. Originalmente publicado en: Australasian Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 61, No. 4, Dec. 1983, pp. 343-377. Agradezco a dicha revista y a la señora Stephanie Lewis por su…
Nuevo trabajo para una teoría de los universales [segunda parte]
El texto que se presenta aquí es la segunda parte de la traducción de New Theory of Universalsy se corresponde con las últimas secciones del artículo original. En el anterior número de Ideas y Valores (157 de abril de 2015) se publicó la primera parte, que corresponde a la introducción y las dos primeras secciones del original
Illiberal Spaces: Uzbekistan's extraterritorial security practices and the spatial politics of contemporary authoritarianism
Research on comparative authoritarianism has tended to neglect spatial approaches to the politics of non-democratic states. This article argues that spatial theory offers a useful framework for exploring extraterritorial security practices designed to counter political opposition among migrant and exile communities. A case study of Uzbekistan explores how the state responded to the perceived security threats posed by rapidly growing communities o…
Crime, terror and the state in Central Asia
In the case of Central Asia, linkages between crime and terrorism are too complex to be explained through the framework of a 'crime-terror nexus'. This article distinguishes locally embedded militant networks from transnational movements and demonstrates their different linkages to organised crime. Groups categorised as international terrorist actors have limited linkages to organised crime, while locally embedded groups actively seek to control …
Civil Society and the Authoritarian State: Cooperation, Contestation and Discourse
Contemporary authoritarian regimes frequently coexist with a range of non-governmental associations, while resisting any trajectory towards democratization. This article reviews three major explanations for such political interactions, before proposing an alternative explanatory framework, using Young's dualistic approach to civil society. This approach stresses that the discursive role of civil society needs to be understood in order to explain …
Who’s Socialising Whom? Regional Organisations and Contested Norms in Central Asia
The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) represent competing sets of international norms in Central Asia. The contestation between these sets of norms has not led to a complete polarisation between members of the two organisations, however. Instead, the OSCE has used a range of discursive tactics to reduce political contestation, downplaying some contested issues and seeking sh…
The failure of a liberal peace: Sri Lanka's counter-insurgency in global perspective
The victory by the Sri Lankan government over the LTTE in 2009 apparently ended over 25 years of civil war. However, the ramifications of the government's counter-insurgency go far beyond Sri Lanka's domestic politics. The military campaign against the LTTE poses a significant challenge to many of the liberal norms that inform contemporary models of international peace-building—the so-called ‘liberal peace’. This article suggests that Sri Lanka's…
The dynamics of regime change: Domestic and international factors in the ‘Tulip Revolution’
This contribution argues that analysis of the overthrow of President Askar Akaev in Kyrgyzstan in 2005 has tended to overemphasize external factors in the revolution, while underplaying local dynamics, which were complex, difficult to understand, and did not fit with a much simpler narrative of democratic change, inspired by external encouragement. In reality, popular discontent, mobilized by local elites in their support during a highly competit…
Civil Society in African Contexts: Reflections on the Usefulness of a Concept
This article considers the usefulness of the concept of civil society - both as an analytical construct and as a policy tool - in non-Western contexts, drawing on a selected review of literature on Africa from anthropology and development studies. Rejecting arguments that the concept has little meaning outside its Western origins, but critical of the sometimes crude export of the concept by Western development donors seeking to build 'good govern…
Redefining 'Intrinsic
Come Back to the Text, Shirley. A Response to ‘Bears don't need phonics: An examination of the role of drama in laying the foundations for critical thinking in reading’ (Ride, 4.1)
L'auteur revient sur l'article de David Montgomerie paru dans Research in drama education, n°1, vol.4, 1999. Si la demonstration de l'auteur quant a l'utilite du theâtre pour le developpement de la comprehension en lecture lui parait incontestable, l'argumentation quant a l'acces au developpement de la pensee critique a l'aide des oeuvres dramatiques citees lui semble moins evident alors qu'il s'agissait la de l'objectif de l'article comme l'indi…
Counterurbanization in Europe: Discussion
Industrial relations legislation: One of capital's defences
This paper focuses on the struggles of wage earners — both black and white — in various epochs of South Africa's history. More specifically, it concentrates on the legal framework governing industrial conflict. It attempts to pinpoint the double‐edged nature of the concessions offered by the state to the working class, and to illustrate how these concessions inevitably contain within them safeguards designed to maintain the exploitative relations…
Assessment in Education
Illiberal peace? Authoritarian modes of conflict management
In a contested international order, ideas of liberal peacebuilding are being supplanted by state-centric, authoritarian responses to internal armed conflicts. In this article we suggest that existing research has not yet sufficiently recognised this important shift in conflict management practice. Scholarship in peace and conflict studies has avoided hard cases of ‘illiberal peace’, or categorises them simply as military victories. Drawing on acc…
Civil Society in African Contexts: Reflections on the Usefulness of a Concept
This article considers the usefulness of the concept of civil society - both as an analytical construct and as a policy tool - in non-Western contexts, drawing on a selected review of literature on Africa from anthropology and development studies. Rejecting arguments that the concept has little meaning outside its Western origins, but critical of the sometimes crude export of the concept by Western development donors seeking to build 'good govern…
Civil Society and the Authoritarian State: Cooperation, Contestation and Discourse
Contemporary authoritarian regimes frequently coexist with a range of non-governmental associations, while resisting any trajectory towards democratization. This article reviews three major explanations for such political interactions, before proposing an alternative explanatory framework, using Young's dualistic approach to civil society. This approach stresses that the discursive role of civil society needs to be understood in order to explain …
Illiberal Spaces: Uzbekistan's extraterritorial security practices and the spatial politics of contemporary authoritarianism
Research on comparative authoritarianism has tended to neglect spatial approaches to the politics of non-democratic states. This article argues that spatial theory offers a useful framework for exploring extraterritorial security practices designed to counter political opposition among migrant and exile communities. A case study of Uzbekistan explores how the state responded to the perceived security threats posed by rapidly growing communities o…
Authoritarian Powers and Norm Contestation in the Liberal International Order: Theorizing the Power Politics of Ideas and Identity
Are rising authoritarian powers such as China and Russia converging towards or challenging the normative structures of the liberal international order? This article argues that scholarship on norm contestation provides a fruitful theoretical avenue for addressing this question. It finds, however, that this literature has problematically tended to either overlook or externalize power dynamics from norm contestation. The article therefore proposes …
Engagements with a Productively Unstable Category: Anthropologists and Nongovernmental Organizations
The category "NGO" (nongovernmental organization) is notoriously hard to fix. The term NGO-which defines these organizations in terms of what they are not-masks great diversity and assumes an unproblematic boundary. The use of the term persists, in no small part because several different types of actors involved in a range of fields depend on what we call the "productive instability" inherent to the NGO category. As a discipline, given our histor…
Blogging Zhanaozen: Hegemonic discourse and authoritarian resilience in Kazakhstan
Post-Soviet authoritarian regimes – particularly in Central Asia – have proved highly resilient since independence. Existing explanations for regime longevity should be augmented by consideration of non-material, discursive sources of political legitimacy. A robust authoritarian regime requires the production and circulation of a hegemonic discourse that is internalized by influential social groups. This type of dominant discourse has emerged in …
The myopic Foucauldian gaze: Discourse, knowledge and the authoritarian peace
The discourse of liberal peacebuilding has often been characterized by critics as a hegemonic discourse, in which power and knowledge are co-constitutive. Influenced by the work of Michel Foucault, an important strand of the literature has demonstrated how epistemic communities have produced knowledge that supports this discourse, while marginalizing other, contrary voices. A ‘local turn’ has sought to uncover what Foucault termed ‘subjugated kno…
Who’s Socialising Whom? Regional Organisations and Contested Norms in Central Asia
The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) represent competing sets of international norms in Central Asia. The contestation between these sets of norms has not led to a complete polarisation between members of the two organisations, however. Instead, the OSCE has used a range of discursive tactics to reduce political contestation, downplaying some contested issues and seeking sh…
Civilizationism and the Ideological Contestation of the Liberal International Order
Discourses and practices reproducing a world where a plurality of distinct civilizations clash or dialogue, rise or fall, color multiple facets of global politics today. How should we interpret this unexpected surge in civilizational politics, especially notable in the United States, Europe, the Middle East, China, and Russia? This paper argues that the growing turn to civilizations or, better, civilizationism should be understood as a counter-he…
Corruption, patronage and illiberal peace: Forging political settlement in post-conflict Kyrgyzstan
This article engages critically with recent literature on political settlements through a case study of inter-ethnic conflict in southern Kyrgyzstan. The case study traces how a new political settlement emerged in the aftermath of conflict, despite a rejection of international proposals on conflict resolution. Instead, local elites constructed an exclusionary form of social order, forged through dispossession and violence, maintained by informal …
The Ethics of Security Research: An Ethics Framework for Contemporary Security Studies
Offering a framework for ethical assessment, this article draws attention to the ethical issues accompanying empirical research on security. Speaking to the various subfields and schools of broadly conceived applied security studies, we classify the many ethical issues specific to empirical research on security, conflict, and political violence into researcher-related problems, subject-related problems, and result-related problems. We evaluate th…
Crime, terror and the state in Central Asia
In the case of Central Asia, linkages between crime and terrorism are too complex to be explained through the framework of a 'crime-terror nexus'. This article distinguishes locally embedded militant networks from transnational movements and demonstrates their different linkages to organised crime. Groups categorised as international terrorist actors have limited linkages to organised crime, while locally embedded groups actively seek to control …
The failure of a liberal peace: Sri Lanka's counter-insurgency in global perspective
The victory by the Sri Lankan government over the LTTE in 2009 apparently ended over 25 years of civil war. However, the ramifications of the government's counter-insurgency go far beyond Sri Lanka's domestic politics. The military campaign against the LTTE poses a significant challenge to many of the liberal norms that inform contemporary models of international peace-building—the so-called ‘liberal peace’. This article suggests that Sri Lanka's…
Sri Lanka's Schmittian peace: Sovereignty, Enmity and Illiberal Order
The dominant discourses and practices of post-Cold War liberal peace-building are increasingly challenged by illiberal and authoritarian alternatives. This article adds to the emerging literature on ‘authoritarian conflict management’ and ‘illiberal peace’ using the work of the controversial German jurist Carl Schmitt, the foremost theoretician of anti-liberal thought in the twentieth-century. I use the case of Sri Lanka to illustrate how Schmitt…
The dynamics of regime change: Domestic and international factors in the ‘Tulip Revolution’
This contribution argues that analysis of the overthrow of President Askar Akaev in Kyrgyzstan in 2005 has tended to overemphasize external factors in the revolution, while underplaying local dynamics, which were complex, difficult to understand, and did not fit with a much simpler narrative of democratic change, inspired by external encouragement. In reality, popular discontent, mobilized by local elites in their support during a highly competit…
Counterurbanization in Europe: Discussion
Corruption and Revisionism: The Role of Illicit Finance in Russian Foreign Policy
Industrial relations legislation: One of capital's defences
This paper focuses on the struggles of wage earners — both black and white — in various epochs of South Africa's history. More specifically, it concentrates on the legal framework governing industrial conflict. It attempts to pinpoint the double‐edged nature of the concessions offered by the state to the working class, and to illustrate how these concessions inevitably contain within them safeguards designed to maintain the exploitative relations…
Bilingualism and Non‐verbal Intelligence: A Further Study of Test Results
S ummary . Previous investigations of the effect of (English‐Welsh) bilingualism on performance in non‐verbal tests of intelligence have not yielded a consistent pattern of results. In the present study a non‐verbal test was given to ten‐year‐old pupils from primary schools in Wales. Linguistic background was assessed by means of a language questionnaire, the assessment being compared with teachers' ratings. Care was taken to select a homogeneous…
Normal Distribution of Intelligence: A Critique
The dependence of distribution of test scores on facility and discriminatory values of component items is discussed with special reference to (approximately) normal distribution of quotients from Binet Scale. A discussion follows as to how this should affect our interpretation of ‘normal distribution of intelligence’
Normal Distribution of Intelligence: A Critique
The dependence of distribution of test scores on facility and discriminatory values of component items is discussed with special reference to (approximately) normal distribution of quotients from Binet Scale. A discussion follows as to how this should affect our interpretation of ‘normal distribution of intelligence’
The Effect of National Service on Academic Performance at University
S ummary . The effect of national service on academic success at university was investigated by comparing the performance of groups of ex‐national‐service and ‘schoolboy’ undergraduates at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. The groups were equated on the basis of their attainments in the Higher School Certificate. For both Arts and Science students the percentage of ex‐national servicemen attaining an honours degree was less than that …
Bilingualism and Non‐verbal Intelligence: A Further Study of Test Results
S ummary . Previous investigations of the effect of (English‐Welsh) bilingualism on performance in non‐verbal tests of intelligence have not yielded a consistent pattern of results. In the present study a non‐verbal test was given to ten‐year‐old pupils from primary schools in Wales. Linguistic background was assessed by means of a language questionnaire, the assessment being compared with teachers' ratings. Care was taken to select a homogeneous…
Differences in Attainment Between Primary‐schools in Mixed‐language Areas: Their Dependence on Intelligence and Linguistic Background
S ummary . Differences in attainment in English and arithmetic between primary schools in mixed‐language areas of Wales are studied with respect to differences in both intelligence and linguistic background. School attainments tended to increase with intelligence, though not regularly; and the school differences in intelligence did not account fully for the differences in attainment. Generally, the attainment of schools with pupils of a strongly …
Reply To: A Critical Study of Bilingualism and Non‐verbal Intelligence (B Y W. R. Jones)
Group Factors of Attainment in Grammar School Subjects
S ummary . Previous factorial studies of attainment have been largely confined to a restricted range of subjects, and have not revealed a clear pattern of results. In the present study an analysis is made of the attainments of 173 boys in a balanced range of eleven subjects (English, French, Latin, history, geography, arithmetic, algebra, geometry, physics, chemistry and biology) after a three‐year grammar school course. In a centroid analysis th…
The Factorial Nature of Attainment in Elementary Science
S ummary . Objective tests of attainment in physics, chemistry, and biology were administered to over three‐hundred grammar‐school pupils, together with a battery of verbal, number and spatial tests. A factorial analysis yielded the following results: The tests of physics, chemistry, and biology formed a group factor over and above a general factor. Verbal, spatial and numerical group factors were also found. Attainment in science, as measured by…
Commentary on ‘The Genetic Determination of Differences in Intelligence: A Study of Monozygotic Twins Reared Together and Apart‘ by Cyril Burt
Ability in Science at Ordinary Level of the General Certificate of Education
S ummary . Objective tests of ability in physics, chemistry and biology were constructed, each test being structured into the three broad categories of (i) basic knowledge, (ii) comprehension and application, and (iii) evaluation, along the lines of the Bloom Taxonomy. The tests were administered together with tests of verbal, numerical and spatial ability to all the boys who had completed the Ordinary Level science syllabuses of the Joint Matric…
Variations in Performance in a University Entrance Test in English
S ummary . The performance of candidates in a university entrance test in English was analysed in terms of arts‐science choice in G.C.E. Advanced level subjects, type of school and size of sixth form. Generally, arts candidates did better than science candidates, and girls did better than boys. A significant second‐order interaction between school type, sixth‐form size and sex was revealed
The Performance of Sixth‐formers in General Studies
S ummary . The performance of groups of candidates on questions selected from the General Studies Advanced Level examination of the Joint Matriculation Board was compared. Four groups defined by the candidates' other Advanced Level subjects were selected: (i) a language‐literature group, (ii) a social studies group, (iii) a mathematics‐science group and (iv) a science (but non‐mathematics) group. In an analysis of performance on a balanced set of…
Experimental Design in Education
Problemas de población
La posición general de Malthus sobre la población y su crecimiento, fue que aquélla está inevitablemente limitada por los medios de subsistencia y que donde éstos aumentan, invariablemente crece la población, a menos que ciertos frenos (restricción moral, vicio y miseria) la mantengan a nivel con sus medios de subsistencia. Los autores encontraron en Malthus una fuerte motivación para estudiar más profundamente los problemas demográficos y con ju…
Anselm and Actuality
Philosophy abounds in troublesome modal arguments-endlessly debated, perennially plausible, perennially suspect. The standards of validity for modal reasoning have long been unclear; they become clear only when we provide a semantic analysis of modal logic by reference to possible worlds and to possible things therein.2 Thus insofar as we understand modal reasoning at all, we understand it as disguised reasoning about possible beings. But if thes…
Statistical Methods in Education
Personality and Performance in Elementary Mathematics With Special Reference to Item Type
S ummary . A stratified sample of 160 fourth and fifth‐year secondary school pupils, all of whom had completed a mathematics course leading to the Certificate of Secondary Education, were given a series of mathematics tests. These tests were structured into four sections according to item type, multiple‐choice, data sufficiency, multi‐facet and traditional, each section being divided into two broad content areas, number and space. A six‐way analy…
Assessment in Education
Industrial relations legislation: One of capital's defences
This paper focuses on the struggles of wage earners — both black and white — in various epochs of South Africa's history. More specifically, it concentrates on the legal framework governing industrial conflict. It attempts to pinpoint the double‐edged nature of the concessions offered by the state to the working class, and to illustrate how these concessions inevitably contain within them safeguards designed to maintain the exploitative relations…
Counterurbanization in Europe: Discussion
Come Back to the Text, Shirley. A Response to ‘Bears don't need phonics: An examination of the role of drama in laying the foundations for critical thinking in reading’ (Ride, 4.1)
L'auteur revient sur l'article de David Montgomerie paru dans Research in drama education, n°1, vol.4, 1999. Si la demonstration de l'auteur quant a l'utilite du theâtre pour le developpement de la comprehension en lecture lui parait incontestable, l'argumentation quant a l'acces au developpement de la pensee critique a l'aide des oeuvres dramatiques citees lui semble moins evident alors qu'il s'agissait la de l'objectif de l'article comme l'indi…
Redefining 'Intrinsic
Civil Society in African Contexts: Reflections on the Usefulness of a Concept
This article considers the usefulness of the concept of civil society - both as an analytical construct and as a policy tool - in non-Western contexts, drawing on a selected review of literature on Africa from anthropology and development studies. Rejecting arguments that the concept has little meaning outside its Western origins, but critical of the sometimes crude export of the concept by Western development donors seeking to build 'good govern…
The dynamics of regime change: Domestic and international factors in the ‘Tulip Revolution’
This contribution argues that analysis of the overthrow of President Askar Akaev in Kyrgyzstan in 2005 has tended to overemphasize external factors in the revolution, while underplaying local dynamics, which were complex, difficult to understand, and did not fit with a much simpler narrative of democratic change, inspired by external encouragement. In reality, popular discontent, mobilized by local elites in their support during a highly competit…
The failure of a liberal peace: Sri Lanka's counter-insurgency in global perspective
The victory by the Sri Lankan government over the LTTE in 2009 apparently ended over 25 years of civil war. However, the ramifications of the government's counter-insurgency go far beyond Sri Lanka's domestic politics. The military campaign against the LTTE poses a significant challenge to many of the liberal norms that inform contemporary models of international peace-building—the so-called ‘liberal peace’. This article suggests that Sri Lanka's…
Who’s Socialising Whom? Regional Organisations and Contested Norms in Central Asia
The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) represent competing sets of international norms in Central Asia. The contestation between these sets of norms has not led to a complete polarisation between members of the two organisations, however. Instead, the OSCE has used a range of discursive tactics to reduce political contestation, downplaying some contested issues and seeking sh…
Political science (19 works) · Sociology (19 works) · Psychology (17 works) · Law (16 works) · Politics (15 works) · Law (13 works) · Political economy (13 works) · Democracy (10 works) · Political Conflict and Governance (10 works) · Authoritarianism (9 works)