D Hammond
Biographic Data
| ID | 28411 |
|---|---|
| NAME | D Hammond |
| GIVEN NAMES | D |
| FAMILY NAME | Hammond |
| SIGNATURE | HAMMOND D |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Waterloo |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8197-6010 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 106 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 24 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 106 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Vaping and smoking trajectories among youth and adults in the United States across the period 2014–2022
Introduction: Multiple occurrences in the United States may have impacted trajectories (i.e., transitions over time) in the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and cigarette smoking in the population over time. We examine youths' trajectories in ENDS use and adults' trajectories in cigarette smoking across two periods: 2014-2016-2017; 2019-2021-2022. Methods: = 5,800). We evaluated trajectories in ENDS use among youth and trajector…
The Association Between Adolescent Mental Health Symptoms and Characteristics of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use
INTRODUCTION: While there is a bi-directional relationship between internalizing mental health (IMH) symptoms (i.e., symptoms of depression, symptoms of anxiety) and nicotine use, it is unclear how IMH relates to patterns of use. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively examine the relationship between IMH symptoms and indicators of nicotine dependence, quit intentions, and quit attempts among adolescents who use cigarettes and/or e-cigaret…
In-store beverage pricing and marketing before and after a sugar-sweetened beverage tax in Newfoundland and Labrador
Objective: Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) introduced Canada’s first excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) in 2022. Industry marketing practices in response to SSB taxation may affect public health impacts. We examined changes in posted beverage pricing and marketing of taxable and non-taxable beverages in NL before and after the SSB tax was implemented. Design: Pre-/post-observational study with in-store audits of beverage prices and mark…
Use of cannabis for mental health in the Canadian territories: A cross-sectional study
Background Population prevalence and patterns of cannabis use for mental health (CUMH) are underexplored. This is important to understand in the Canadian territories which has the highest prevalence of cannabis use in Canada. This study aimed to examine socio-demographic factors associated with CUMH in the territories and associations between CUMH and cannabis use outcomes.Methods This study is a cross-sectional analysis of survey data from the 2…
Self‐Reported Cannabis Prices and Expenditures From Legal and Illegal Sources Five Years After Legalisation of Non‐Medical Cannabis in Canada
E-cigarette consumption among youth who vape in Canada, England, New Zealand and the USA: Exploring methods to quantify consumption amounts and differences by product attributes using population-level…
The findings suggest substantial e-liquid consumption among youth who vape in all four countries
Transitions to legal cannabis markets: Legal market capture of cannabis expenditures in Canada following federal cannabis legalization
The findings provide evidence of substantial transition in expenditures from the illegal to the legal market in the five years since legalization of non-medical cannabis in Canada
Cannabis-related arrests and convictions in Canada: Differences by race/ethnicity, individual socioeconomic factors, and neighborhood deprivation
Racialized individuals were disproportionately impacted by cannabis prohibition in Canada; however, the role of socioeconomic factors and neighborhood deprivation are not well understood. The current study examined race/ethnicity, individual socioeconomic factors, and neighborhood deprivation in relation to arrests and convictions for cannabis-related offenses. Repeat cross-sectional data were analyzed from two waves of the International Cannabis…
Trends in food and nutrition behaviours, knowledge and attitudes among youth in six countries: Findings from the 2019–2021 International Food Policy Study Youth Surveys
Objective: This commentary highlights the release of findings now available in the report International Food Policy Study Youth Surveys: Summary of Findings 2019–2021. Design: The survey data described in this commentary consist of repeated cross-sectional surveys conducted annually beginning in 2019. Setting: Online surveys were conducted in 2019 to 2021 among respondents living in Australia, Canada, Chile, Mexico, the United Kingdom and the USA…
The equitable impact of sugary drink taxation structures on sugary drink consumption among Canadians: A modelling study using the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition
Objective: Estimate the impact of 20 % flat-rate and tiered sugary drink tax structures on the consumption of sugary drinks, sugar-sweetened beverages and 100 % juice by age, sex and socio-economic position. Design: We modelled the impact of price changes – for each tax structure – on the demand for sugary drinks by applying own- and cross-price elasticities to self-report sugary drink consumption measured using single-day 24-h dietary recalls fr…
Sociodemographic differences in nutrition labels effect on Chilean and Mexican youth
Objective. To examine sociodemographic differences in the awareness, understanding, use and effect of nutrition labels among Mexican and Chilean youth. Methods. Online surveys among youth (10-17 years) were obtained in 2019 (n=2631). Participants reported their awareness, understanding, and use of their country-specific nutrition facts tables (NFT) and front-of-pack labels (FOPL) (Chile: warning labels [WLs]; Mexico: guideline daily amounts [GDA]…
Youth and Young Adults’ Knowledge and Perceptions of Risks and Benefits Regarding Cannabis Products: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Over 1,700 Individuals
Canada legalized the use of non-medical cannabis in 2018. This study examines youth and young adults' knowledge and perceptions of harms, benefits, and education around cannabis use since legalization. An online survey was completed by a convenience sample of 1,759 individuals aged 12-25 years living in Manitoba, Canada. Most participants ( n = 1,525, 86.7%) reported receiving education on the potential effects/harms related to cannabis; the most…
Early‐onset smoking and vaping of cannabis: Prevalence, correlates and trends in New Zealand 14–15‐year‐olds
Patterns of problematic cannabis use in Canada pre‐ and post‐legalisation: Differences by neighbourhood deprivation, individual socioeconomic factors and race/ethnicity
Self‐reported THC content and associations with perceptions of feeling high among cannabis consumers
Public Support for Nutrition-Related Actions by Food Companies in Australia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Findings from the 2020 International Food Policy Study
Unhealthy food environments contribute to unhealthy population diets. In Australia, the government currently relies on voluntary food company actions (e.g., related to front-of-pack labelling, restricting promotion of unhealthy foods, and product formulation) as part of their efforts to improve population diets, despite evidence that such voluntary approaches are less effective than mandatory policies. This study aimed to understand public percep…
Co-Use, Simultaneous Use, and Mixing of Cannabis and Tobacco: A Cross-National Comparison of Canada and the US by Cannabis Administration Type
The proportion of cannabis consumers who used tobacco was lower in legal jurisdictions despite higher prevalence of cannabis use. Edible use was inversely associated with co-use, suggesting that edible use does not appear to be associated with increased tobacco use
Marketing claims on the websites of leading e-cigarette brands in England
Among 10 top EC brand websites in England, marketing elements that might appeal to youth were commonly identified and CAP code compliance was low
Trends in vaping and nicotine product use among youth in Canada, England and the USA between 2017 and 2022: Evidence to inform policy
Patterns of nicotine use among youth have rapidly evolved in recent years due to the proliferation of nicotine products, the COVID-19 pandemic and the emerging impact of policy measures
A multi-country comparison of jurisdictions with and without mandatory nutrition labelling policies in restaurants: Analysis of behaviours associated with menu labelling in the 2019 International Food…
Objective: To examine differences in noticing and use of nutrition information comparing jurisdictions with and without mandatory menu labelling policies and examine differences among sociodemographic groups. Design: Cross-sectional data from the International Food Policy Study (IFPS) online survey. Setting: IFPS participants from Australia, Canada, Mexico, United Kingdom and USA in 2019. Participants: Adults aged 18–99; n 19 393. Results: Partic…
Effects of front-of-package caffeine and sweetener disclaimers in Mexico: Cross-sectional results from the 2020 International Food Policy Study
Objective: Front-of-package warning labels introduced in Mexico in 2020 included disclaimers that caution against allowing children to consume products with non-sugary sweeteners and caffeine. We examined the awareness and use of the disclaimers among Mexican adults and youth 1 month after the regulation was implemented. We also investigated their impact on the perceived healthfulness of industrialised beverages designed for children. Design: Dat…
A five-country study of front- and back-of-package nutrition label awareness and use: Patterns and correlates from the 2018 International Food Policy Study
Objective: This study aimed to identify correlates of nutrition label awareness and use, particularly subgroup differences among consumers. Two label types were assessed: (1) nutrition facts tables (NFt) in Australia, Canada, Mexico, UK, and USA and (2) front-of-package (FOP) labels, including mandatory Guideline Daily Amounts (Mexico), voluntary Health Star Ratings (Australia) and voluntary Traffic Lights (UK). Design: Respondents were recruited…
Minimum legal age laws and perceived access to cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and other substances among youth in Canada, England, and the United States: 2017-2021
Do Mandatory Health Warning Labels on Consumer Products Increase Recall of the Health Risks of Cannabis
Introduction Warning labels are an important source of health information. This study examined awareness of health warnings on cannabis packages over time in Canada—where large rotating messages are mandated—versus US states with legal adult-use cannabis, which have less comprehensive regulations.Methods Repeat cross-sectional data were collected from the International Cannabis Policy Study online surveys among past 12-month cannabis consumers in…
Cannabis and Mental Health: Adverse Outcomes and Self-Reported Impact of Cannabis Use by Mental Health Status
Background: Cannabis can induce negative outcomes among consumers with mental health conditions. This study examined medical help-seeking behavior, patterns of adverse effects, and perceived impacts of cannabis among consumers with and without mental health conditions. Methods: Data came from the International Cannabis Policy Study, via online surveys conducted in 2018. Respondents included 6,413 past 12-month cannabis consumers aged 16-65, recru…
Retail availability and marketing of electronic cigarettes in Canada
Socio-economic Status and Smoking in Canada, 1999–2006: Has There Been Any Progress on Disparities in Tobacco Use
Efficacy of calorie labelling for alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages on restaurant menus on noticing information, calorie knowledge, and perceived and actual influence on hypothetical beverage orde…
Exploring the main and moderating effects of individual-level characteristics on consumer responses to sugar taxes and front-of-pack nutrition labels in an experimental marketplace
Use of caffeinated energy drinks among secondary school students in Ontario: Prevalence and correlates of using energy drinks and mixing with alcohol
Why public health matters today and tomorrow: The role of applied public health research
Public health is critical to a healthy, fair, and sustainable society. Realizing this vision requires imagining a public health community that can maintain its foundational core while adapting and responding to contemporary imperatives such as entrenched inequities and ecological degradation. In this commentary, we reflect on what tomorrow's public health might look like, from the point of view of our collective experiences as researchers in Cana…
Methods to Assess Cannabis Consumption in Population Surveys: Results of Cognitive Interviewing
The Cannabis Act legalized the possession and sale of nonmedical cannabis in Canada on October 17, 2018. Evaluating the impact of cannabis legalization requires a more thorough understanding than is provided by most existing measures of cannabis use. The aim of this study was to pretest a range of cannabis consumption measures used in a population-based survey and to share insights gained in the process. Cognitive interviewing was conducted among…
Food insecurity among Canadian youth and young adults: Insights from the Canada Food Study
The Happy Meal® Effect: The Impact of Toy Premiums on Healthy Eating Among Children in Ontario, Canada
Linking Trajectories of Illness and Dying
Despite the large number of theories regarding illness and dying, there is an absence of theoretical work that follows the trajectory from the onset of illness to death. This qualitative study expanded the illness constellation model to include the experience of dying. Following unstructured interviews with 41 individuals (15 ill individuals receiving palliative care, 13 family members of individuals receiving palliative care, and 13 palliative c…
Impact of the graphic Canadian warning labels on adult smoking behaviour
Graphic cigarette warning labels serve as an effective population based smoking cessation intervention. The findings add to the growing literature on health warnings and provide strong support for the effectiveness of Canada's tobacco labelling policy
Smoking behaviour among young adults: Beyond youth prevention
Dramatic increases in the proportion and intensity of smoking occurs after the age of 18 years. Smoking behaviour among young adults is distinct from both youth and older adults, and warrants immediate attention from the public health community
Tobacco on campus: Industry marketing and tobacco control policy among post-secondary institutions in Canada
Post-secondary institutions in Canada remain tobacco friendly environments. Without increased direction and support from the public health community, post-secondary institutions will continue to lag behind, rather than lead current policy standards
The conceptual framework of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Policy Evaluation Project
This paper describes the conceptual model that underlies the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project (ITC Project), whose mission is to measure the psychosocial and behavioural impact of key policies of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) among adult smokers, and in some countries, among adult non-smokers and among youth. The evaluation framework utilises multiple country controls, a longitudinal design, and a pre-s…
Methods of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey
This paper outlines the design features, data collection methods and analytic strategies of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey, a prospective study of more than 2000 longitudinal respondents per country with yearly replenishments. This survey possesses unique features that sets it apart among surveys on tobacco use and cessation. One of these features is the use of theory-driven conceptual models. In this paper, however, …
Prevalence and attributes of roll-your-own smokers in the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey
Patterns of RYO use vary considerably across Australia, Canada, the USA, and the UK. RYO smokers are a heterogeneous group; however, the factors associated with RYO use appear to be the same across the four countries studied
Effectiveness of cigarette warning labels in informing smokers about the risks of smoking: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey
Smokers are not fully informed about the risks of smoking. Warnings that are graphic, larger, and more comprehensive in content are more effective in communicating the health risks of smoking
Socioeconomic and country variations in knowledge of health risks of tobacco smoking and toxic constituents of smoke: Results from the 2002 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey
Lower socioeconomic status was associated with lower awareness of the harms of smoking and misunderstanding around nicotine. There is a need to improve knowledge of the dangers of smoking among the disadvantaged segments of the population
Reductions in tobacco smoke pollution and increases in support for smoke-free public places following the implementation of comprehensive smoke-free workplace legislation in the Republic of Ireland: F…
The Ireland smoke-free law stands as a positive example of how a population-level policy intervention can achieve its public health goals while achieving a high level of acceptance among smokers. These findings support initiatives in many countries toward implementing smoke-free legislation, particularly those who have ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which calls for legislation to reduce tobacco smoke pollution
Smokers’ reactions to reduced ignition propensity cigarettes
A significant minority of smokers in NY reported noticing changes in the performance of their cigarettes following the RIP law, as would be expected. However, the RIP law appears to have had no impact on the smoking habits of New Yorkers, countering arguments made by cigarette manufacturers that the law would impact consumer acceptability
Constituents in tobacco and smoke emissions from Canadian cigarettes
The findings illustrate important differences between domestically manufactured Virginia flue-cured cigarettes and imported US blended cigarettes. Although the findings suggest that domestic cigarettes had lower levels of constituents such as ammonia, which are associated with increased "additives", Canadian cigarettes were by no means "additive-free." Overall, these findings provide important benchmarks for making historical and international co…
What happened to smokers’ beliefs about light cigarettes when “light/mild” brand descriptors were banned in the UK? Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey
The findings reveal that high levels of misperceptions about light cigarettes existed among smokers in all four countries before and after the EU ban took effect. We cannot conclude that the policy of removing some aspects of misleading labels has been effective in changing beliefs about light cigarettes. Efforts to correct decades of consumer misperceptions about light cigarettes must extend beyond simply removing "light" and "mild" brand descri…
Levels and correlates of awareness of tobacco promotional activities among adult smokers in Malaysia and Thailand: Findings from the International Tobacco Control Southeast Asia (ITC-SEA) Survey
These findings demonstrate that comprehensive tobacco advertising legislation when well implemented can lead to dramatic decline in awareness of tobacco promotion, thus supporting strong implementation of Article 13 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
Impact of graphic and text warnings on cigarette packs: Findings from four countries over five years
Australia's new health warnings increased reactions that are prospectively predictive of cessation activity. Warning size increases warning effectiveness and graphic warnings may be superior to text-based warnings. While there is partial wear-out in the initial impact associated with all warnings, stronger warnings tend to sustain their effects for longer. These findings support arguments for governments to exceed minimum FCTC requirements on war…
Malaysian and Thai smokers' beliefs about the harmfulness of ‘light’ and menthol cigarettes
The experience of smoother smoke is likely to produce some level of belief in reduced harm, regardless of how brands are labelled and whether or not Federal Trade Commission FTC/International Organisation for Standardisation tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide yield figures are used
Perceptions of tobacco health warnings in China compared with picture and text-only health warnings from other countries: An experimental study
(1) Picture warnings are rated as much more effective than the same warnings without pictures. (2) The revised health warnings in China, introduced in October 2008, are only marginally more effective than the previous warning and far less effective than even text warnings from other countries. These results, coupled with population-based evaluation studies, suggest that pictorial warnings would significantly increase the impact of health warnings…
Health knowledge and perception of risks among Chinese smokers and non-smokers: Findings from the Wave 1 ITC China Survey
These findings highlight the need to increase awareness about the health effects of smoking in China, particularly among current smokers to increase quitting
Beliefs about the relative harm of “light” and “low tar” cigarettes: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) China Survey
Misperceptions about "light" and/or "low tar" cigarettes were strongly related to the belief that these cigarettes are smoother on the respiratory system. Future tobacco control policies should go beyond eliminating labelling and marketing that promotes "light" and "low tar" cigarettes by regulation of product characteristics (for example, additives, filter vents) that reinforce perceptions that "light" and "low tar" cigarettes are smoother on th…
Socio-economic Status and Smoking in Canada, 1999–2006: Has There Been Any Progress on Disparities in Tobacco Use
Nutrition labels on pre-packaged foods: A systematic review
Objective To review research on consumer use and understanding of nutrition labels, as well as the impact of labelling on dietary habits. Design A systematic review was conducted by searching electronic databases. Relevant articles were screened by two reviewers and included if they met inclusion criteria, including eight methodological criteria. A total of 120 articles were included in the review, including cross-sectional surveys ( n 96), exper…
Consumer Understanding of Calorie Amounts and Serving Size: Implications for Nutritional Labelling
The Happy Meal® Effect: The Impact of Toy Premiums on Healthy Eating Among Children in Ontario, Canada
The impact of adding front-of-package sodium content labels to grocery products: An experimental study
Objective Canadians consume approximately twice the daily Adequate Intake of sodium. The present study examined the efficacy of four types of front-of-package (FOP) sodium labels at influencing consumers’ selection of products low v . high in sodium. Design Participants were randomly assigned to one of five experimental conditions: (i) control condition with no FOP label; (ii) basic numeric FOP label; (iii) numeric FOP label with ‘high’ and ‘low’…
Mouth-Level Intake of Benzo[a]pyrene from Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes
Cigarette smoke is a known source of exposure to carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), especially benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). Exposure to BaP in cigarette smoke is influenced by how a person smokes and factors, such as tobacco blend. To determine whether sustained use of reduced-nicotine cigarettes is associated with changes in exposure to nicotine and BaP, levels of BaP in spent cigarette filter butts were correlated with levels of BaP…
Medicine (93 works) · Environmental health (78 works) · Psychology (55 works) · Business (51 works) · Smoking Behavior and Cessation (46 works) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (39 works) · Psychiatry (38 works) · Advertising (36 works) · Demography (33 works) · Demography (30 works)