Patrick M O’malley
Biographic Data
| ID | 4014869 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Patrick M O’malley |
| GIVEN NAMES | Patrick M |
| FAMILY NAME | O’malley |
| SIGNATURE | O’MALLEY P M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9000-2824 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 77 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1261 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 77 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1974 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 17 |
The great decline in adolescent cigarette smoking since 2000: Consequences for drug use among US adolescents
The results support the 'gateway' prediction that declines in cigarette smoking among adolescents pull downward their non-medical use of amphetamines, tranquillisers and opioids. Continuing to reduce adolescent smoking through policy and programmatic prevention efforts should have further positive spillover effects on adolescent drug use
Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2018: Overview, key findings on adolescent drug use
Annual marijuana prevalence rose by a nonsignificant 0.5 percentage points to 23.9% in 2018 based on data from the three grades combined. 2 This follows a significant increase in 2017. Annual prevalence stands at 11%, 28%, and 36% in grades 8, 10, and 12. Daily marijuana prevalence changed little this year, with rates at 1%, 3%, and 6%, respectively. Annual use of any illicit drug, which tends to be driven by marijuana-by far the most prevalent o…
Recent increases in depressive symptoms among US adolescents: Trends from 1991 to 2018
Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975-2017: Overview, key findings on adolescent drug use
i tracked adolescent drug use. Nicotine vaping prevalence rates in 2018 were 11%, 25%, and 30%, respectively.
Association of State Recreational Marijuana Laws With Adolescent Marijuana Use
Importance: Historical shifts are occurring in marijuana policy. The effect of legalizing marijuana for recreational use on rates of adolescent marijuana use is a topic of considerable debate. Objective: To examine the association between the legalization of recreational marijuana use in Washington and Colorado in 2012 and the subsequent perceived harmfulness and use of marijuana by adolescents. Design, Setting, and Participants: We used data of …
E-cigarette use as a predictor of cigarette smoking: Results from a 1-year follow-up of a national sample of 12th grade students
These results contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting vaping as a one-way bridge to cigarette smoking among youth. Vaping as a risk factor for future smoking is a strong, scientifically-based rationale for restricting youth access to e-cigarettes
The Influence of College Attendance on Risk for Marijuana Initiation in the United States: 1977 To 2015
Objectives. To examine a potential increase in marijuana initiation among US college students as compared with their age peers not in college before and after 2013, a watershed year for increasing tolerance of marijuana use in the United States. Methods. Data come from the Monitoring the Future study, which has followed longitudinal panels drawn from annual nationally representative, baseline samples of 12th-grade students starting with the class…
What are kids vaping? Results from a national survey of US adolescents
These results challenge the common assumption that all vaporiser users inhale nicotine. They (a) call into question the designation of vaporisers and e-cigarettes as ENDS ('Electronic Nicotine Delivery System'), (b) suggest that the recent rise in adolescent vaporiser use does not necessarily indicate a nicotine epidemic, and (c) indicate that vaporiser users can be candidates for primary prevention programmes. Finally, the results suggest the im…
High School Substance Use as a Predictor of College Attendance, Completion, and Dropout: A National Multicohort Longitudinal Study
National data from Monitoring the Future were used to examine patterns and predictors of college attendance. Samples of American 12th-grade students from 1977 to 2003 were followed for 7 years (modal ages 18-25; N = 10,020). College attendance and graduation patterns varied considerably over historical time and based on family background. Substance use during high school predicted a greater likelihood of never attending (for cigarettes, illegal d…
Sleep and Substance Use among US Adolescents, 1991-2014
Among US secondary students, 7+ sleep/substance use associations were largely explained by individual deviance, psychosocial, and general health characteristics. Awareness and exploitation of these shared associations may be useful in improving substance use prevention and/or treatment efforts
Trends in use of marijuana and attitudes toward marijuana among youth before and after decriminalization: The case of California 2007–2013
O’Malley and Johnston Respond
AffiliationsPatrick M. O’Malley and Lloyd D. Johnston are with the Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Driving After Drug or Alcohol Use by US High School Seniors, 2001–2011
Objectives. We examined prevalence, trends, and correlates of driving or riding after use of drugs or alcohol among US high school seniors from 2001 to 2011. Methods. Data come from Monitoring the Future, an annual survey of nationally representative samples of high school seniors. We used logistic regressions with data from more than 22 000 respondents to examine multivariate associations with demographic and lifestyle factors. Results. Large nu…
Adolescent work intensity, school performance, and substance use: Links vary by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status
High school students who spend long hours in paid employment during the school year are at increased risk of lower grades and higher substance use, although questions remain about whether these linkages reflect causation or prior differences (selection effects). Questions also remain about whether such associations vary by socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ethnicity. This study examines those questions using nationally representative data from …
Effects of tobacco-related media campaigns on smoking among 20–30-year-old adults: Longitudinal data from the USA
Continued support for sustained, public health-based well-funded anti-tobacco media campaigns may help reduce tobacco use among young adults
Twelfth-grade student work intensity linked to later educational attainment and substance use: New longitudinal evidence
Long hours of paid employment during high school have been linked to a variety of problem behaviors, but questions remain about whether and to what extent work intensity makes any causal contribution. This study addresses those questions by focusing on how 12th-grade work intensity is associated with substance use and educational attainment in the years following high school. It uses 2 nationally representative longitudinal data sets from the Mon…
Adolescent Self-esteem: Differences by Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Age
Large-scale representative surveys of 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students in the United States show high self-esteem scores for all groups. African-American students score highest, Whites score slightly higher than Hispanics, and Asian Americans score lowest. Males score slightly higher than females. Multivariate controls for grades and college plans actually heighten these race/ethnic/gender differences. A truncated scoring method, designed to …
Social disparities in BMI trajectories across adulthood by gender, race/ethnicity and lifetime socio-economic position: 1986–2004
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity and overweight is rapidly increasing in industrialized countries, with long-term health and social consequences. There is also a strong social patterning of obesity and overweight, with a higher prevalence among women, racial/ethnic minorities and those from a lower socio-economic position (SEP). Most of the existing work in this area, however, is based on cross-sectional data or single cohort studies. No nat…
Are girls really becoming more delinquent? Testing the gender convergence hypothesis by race and ethnicity, 1976–2005
Differential Trends in Weight-Related Health Behaviors Among American Young Adults by Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status: 1984–2006
Objectives. We investigated temporal patterns from 1984 to 2006 in 6 weight-related health behaviors by using longitudinal data for multiple cohorts of young adults (aged 19–26 years) from the nationally representative Monitoring the Future Study. Methods. We used growth curve models to examine historical trends in 6 health behaviors: frequency of eating breakfast, eating green vegetables, eating fruit, exercising, watching television, and sleepi…
Long-Term Trends in Adolescent and Young Adult Smoking in the United States: Metapatterns and Implications
Objectives. We sought to describe long-term adolescent and young adult smoking trends and patterns. Methods. We analyzed adolescent data from Monitoring the Future, 1976 to 2005, and young adult (aged 18–24 years) data from the National Health Interview Survey, 1974 to 2005, overall and in subpopulations to identify trends in current cigarette smoking prevalence. Results. Five metapatterns emerged: we found (1) a large increase and subsequent dec…
Associations Between Access to Food Stores and Adolescent Body Mass Index
Health-related behaviors and overweight: A study of Latino adolescents in the United States of America
Time spent exercising and time spent watching television are two potentially modifiable risk factors that, if targeted, may result in important reductions in overweight. The findings indicate the need to identify gender- and culturally-appropriate interventions that can increase physical activity and reduce sedentary activities among Latino adolescents, particularly in families of low socioeconomic status
State Anti-Tobacco Advertising and Smoking Outcomes by Gender and Race/Ethnicity
The results from these analyses indicate that state anti-tobacco advertising significantly relates to beneficial outcomes -- especially regarding current smoking behaviour -- among US youth as a whole
Religiosity and Adolescent Substance Use: The Role of Individual and Contextual Influences
For more than three decades scholars have debated about if, when, and under what circumstances religiosity deters delinquency. The present study uses multilevel modeling data analytic techniques (i.e., hierarchical linear model [HLM]) and large nationally representative samples of American public high schools (N = 227) and high school seniors (N = 16,595) to examine various unresolved issues in the ongoing debate, with a specific focus on the rel…
Routine Activities and Individual Deviant Behavior
We extend the routine activity perspective's situational analysis of crime to individual offending and to a broad range of deviant behaviors. In this view, unstructured socializing with peers in the absence of authority figures presents opportunities for deviance: In the presence of peers, deviant acts will be easier and more rewarding; the absence of authority figures reduces the potential for social control responses to deviance; and the lack o…
The Generality of Deviance in Late Adolescence and Early Adulthood
Because a wide variety of deviant behaviors are positively correlated with one another, some researchers conclude that all are manifestations of a single general tendency. The present analysis incorporated three waves of self-reports about heavy alcohol use, marijuana use, use of other illicit drugs, dangerous driving, and other criminal behavior for a nationally representative sample of high school seniors. A relatively stable general involvemen…
Yea-Saying, Nay-Saying, and Going to Extremes: Black-White Differences in Response Styles
Journal Article Yea-Saying, Nay-Saying, and Going to Extremes: Black-White Differences in Response Styles Get access JERALD G. BACHMAN, JERALD G. BACHMAN Jerald G. Bachman is Program Director and Patrick M. O'Malley is Senior Study Director at the Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan. The authors thank Pamela R. E. Kittel for her assistance in the preparation of this report. Search for other work…
Racial/Ethnic differences in smoking, drinking, and illicit drug use among American high school seniors, 1976-89
BACKGROUND. This paper reports racial/ethnic differences in the use of licit and illicit drugs by high school seniors in the United States. METHODS. The study uses questionnaire data from annual, nationally representative surveys of seniors from 1976 through 1989. Combined sample sizes were 57,620 for 1976-79; 75,772 for 1980-84; and 73,527 for 1985-89. RESULTS. Native American had the highest prevalence rates for cigarettes, alcohol, and most il…
Self-esteem in young men: A longitudinal analysis of the impact of educational and occupational attainment
This paper analyzes relationships among self-esteem, educational attainment, and occupational status. Data from a nationwide longitudinal study of more than 1600 young men show a substantial increase in self-esteem between 19TT (when respondents were beginning tenth grade) and 1974. Reliability and construct validity data for the self-esteem measure are reported. As expected, both educational attainment and occupational status are correlated with…
Self-esteem: Change and stability between ages 13 and 23
How Academic Achievement, Attitudes, and Behaviors Relate to the Course of Substance Use During Adolescence: A 6‐Year, Multiwave National Longitudinal Study
Self‐report data regarding alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use were collected biennially from ages 14 to 20 in a nationally representative panel sample of adolescents ( N =1,897) from the Monitoring the Future study. Growth curve analyses were performed using hierarchical linear modeling to consider psychosocial background, motivation and school attitudes, and parental and peer influences at age 14 as predictors of concurrent substance use and …
Adolescent risk factors for binge drinking during the transition to young adulthood: Variable- and pattern-centered approaches to change
Religiosity and Adolescent Substance Use: The Role of Individual and Contextual Influences
For more than three decades scholars have debated about if, when, and under what circumstances religiosity deters delinquency. The present study uses multilevel modeling data analytic techniques (i.e., hierarchical linear model [HLM]) and large nationally representative samples of American public high schools (N = 227) and high school seniors (N = 16,595) to examine various unresolved issues in the ongoing debate, with a specific focus on the rel…
Smoking, drinking, and drug use among American high school students: Correlates and trends, 1975-1979
This paper uses findings from five nationally representative surveys of high school seniors from 1975 through 1979 to examine the correlates of licit and illicit drug use, and to consider whether recent changes in youthful drug use are linked to any changes in the correlates. Males still exceed females in use of alcohol and marijuana, but no longer in cigarette smoking. Black seniors now report less drug use than Whites. Other dimensions of famil…
Substance Use Among Adults 35 Years of Age: Prevalence, Adulthood Predictors, and Impact of Adolescent Substance Use
Objectives. We examined the prevalence of substance use among American adults aged 35 years, and we considered adulthood predictors and the impact of adolescent substance use. Methods. National panel data were drawn from the Monitoring the Future study. Logistic regressions were conducted to assess the impact of demographics, life experiences, and adolescent substance use on smoking, heavy drinking, prescription drug misuse, marijuana use, and co…
High School Educational Success and Subsequent Substance Use: A Panel Analysis Following Adolescents into Young Adulthood
In this investigation, two indicators of high school educational success (grade point average and college plans) were examined to determine their influence on cigarette, alcohol, and illicit drug use during the transition to young adulthood. Panel data were obtained from the 1978-81 Monitoring the Future nationally representative samples of high school seniors. The sample for this analysis included 3,399 White respondents (weighted cases) followe…
Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in homosexual men
To clarify risk factors for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) we selected at random 785 homosexual men who had participated in studies of hepatitis B in San Francisco in 1978-80 for a follow-up study of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Although most had not been contacted in over five years, 492 (63 per cent) were located and enrolled. The 240 (67 per cent) who had developed antibodies to HIV, as measured by an enzyme-l…
Period, age, and cohort effects on substance use among American youth, 1976-82
Period, age, and cohort effects on substance use are differentiated for American youth 18 to 24 years old during the period from 1976 to 1982. The data are provided by the Monitoring the Future project, an ongoing study which employs a cohort-sequential design. Weighted least squares regression is used to find plausible and parsimonious models to account for the observed variation in 12 different classes of drugs, both licit and illicit. The poin…
Explaining recent increases in students' marijuana use: Impacts of perceived risks and disapproval, 1976 through 1996
OBJECTIVES: Marijuana use among high school seniors increased during most of the 1970s, decreased throughout the 1980s, and has been increasing again during the 1990s. Earlier analyses of the classes of 1976 through 1986 attributed the historic trends during that period to specific changes in views about marijuana. This study examined whether recent increases in marijuana use among seniors and among students in earlier grades reflect similar proc…
Explaining the Recent Decline in Cocaine Use among Young Adults: Further Evidence That Perceived Risks and Disapproval Lead to Reduced Drug Use
Jerald G. Bachman, Lloyd D. Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Explaining the Recent Decline in Cocaine Use among Young Adults: Further Evidence That Perceived Risks and Disapproval Lead to Reduced Drug Use, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 31, No. 2 (Jun., 1990), pp. 173-184
Drug use among young adults: The impacts of role status and social environment
In this article we report findings from panel analyses in which we examined drug use during the first three years following high school, a period during which many young people make important transitions in social environments, primary activity, and marital status. Post-high-school drug use is highly predictable from senior year drug use; however, usage rates for alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drugs (but not cigarettes) seem also to be inf…
The Epidemiology of Alcohol, Marijuana, and Cocaine Use Among Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban American, and Other Latin American Eighth-Grade Students in the United States: 1991–2002
Objectives. We compared trends in and correlates of marijuana use, cocaine use, and heavy alcohol use for adolescents of Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban, and other Latin American heritage in the United States. Methods. We used/examined data from nationally representative samples of eighth-grade Hispanic students who participated in the Monitoring the Future study during the years 1991–2002 (n=24235). Results. Drug use was significantly high…
Distinctive Military Attitudes among U.S. Enlistees, 1976-1997: Self-Selection versus Socialization
Recent reports have again raised questions about military culture and civil-military differences. This article examines panel data from the Monitoring the Future project's nationally representative samples of young men from the high school classes of 1976-1995. The study compares military recruits with their high school classmates who entered college or full-time employment, using "before-and-after" measures obtained during the senior year of hig…
Self-concepts, self-esteem, and educational experiences: The frog pond revisited (again)
Explaining the Recent Decline in Marijuana Use: Differentiating the Effects of Perceived Risks, Disapproval, and General Lifestyle Factors
Jerald G. Bachman, Lloyd D. Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Ronald H. Humphrey, Explaining the Recent Decline in Marijuana Use: Differentiating the Effects of Perceived Risks, Disapproval, and General Lifestyle Factors, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 29, No. 1 (Mar., 1988), pp. 92-112
State Tobacco Control Spending and Youth Smoking
Objective. We examined the relationship between state-level tobacco control expenditures and youth smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption. Methods. We estimated a 2-part model of cigarette demand using data from the 1991 through 2000 nationally representative surveys of 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students as part of the Monitoring the Future project. Results. We found that real per capita expenditures on tobacco control had a negative and …
Twelfth-grade student work intensity linked to later educational attainment and substance use: New longitudinal evidence
Long hours of paid employment during high school have been linked to a variety of problem behaviors, but questions remain about whether and to what extent work intensity makes any causal contribution. This study addresses those questions by focusing on how 12th-grade work intensity is associated with substance use and educational attainment in the years following high school. It uses 2 nationally representative longitudinal data sets from the Mon…
Propensity to Serve in the U.S. Military: Temporal Trends and Subgroup Differences
Data from the Monitoring the Future project, a study of high school seniors (and since 1991, eighth and tenth graders) are used to define six recruitment periods in America's all-volunteer military force, characterized by variations in entry-level pay, recruiting resources, educational benefit programs available, the recruiting environment, and recruit quality. Propensity to enlist is shown to drop between the eighth and the twelfth grades, and b…
When Four Months Equal a Year: Inconsistencies in Student Reports of Drug Use
In this analysis of the high school senior classes of 1976 through 1979, reports of frequency of drug use during the past month are roughly three times larger than would be estimated based on reports of use during the past year; this phenomenon appears fairly consistently for alcohol, marijuana, arid 10 other categories of illicitly used drugs. The underreporting of events that are more distant in time has been observed in a wide range of surveys…
Urban Migration and Selective Acculturation: The Case of the Maori
The New Zealand Maori represent an important case study in the processes of urbanization and acculturation of an indigenous people. Whereas prior to World War II very few Maoris lived in cities, despite the existence of urban areas since the mid-nineteenth century, the postwar period has witnessed the most rapid urbanization of an indigenous people. By 1966, over one-half of the Maori population resided in cities and urban boroughs. The reasons f…
Longitudinal Evidence for the Validity of the Quick Test
Data are provided on the concurrent and long-term predictive validity of the Amnions and Amnions Quick Test. The test, along with the General Aptitude Test Battery, Part J, and the Gates Reading Comprehension Test, was administered to a national sample of 2,213 male high school sophomores in 1960. The Quick Test correlated .66 with Part J of the General Aptitude Battery, and .63 with the Gates Test, and—for a subsample—.59 with the Scholastic Apt…
Self-esteem in young men: A longitudinal analysis of the impact of educational and occupational attainment
This paper analyzes relationships among self-esteem, educational attainment, and occupational status. Data from a nationwide longitudinal study of more than 1600 young men show a substantial increase in self-esteem between 19TT (when respondents were beginning tenth grade) and 1974. Reliability and construct validity data for the self-esteem measure are reported. As expected, both educational attainment and occupational status are correlated with…
Drug Use and Military Plans of High School Seniors
Adolescence to Adulthood: Change and Stability in the Lives of Young Men
Self-esteem and education: Sex and cohort comparisons among high school seniors
Adolescence to Adulthood
Pot Smoking and Illegal Conduct: Understanding the Social World of University Students
Smoking, drinking, and drug use among American high school students: Correlates and trends, 1975-1979
This paper uses findings from five nationally representative surveys of high school seniors from 1975 through 1979 to examine the correlates of licit and illicit drug use, and to consider whether recent changes in youthful drug use are linked to any changes in the correlates. Males still exceed females in use of alcohol and marijuana, but no longer in cigarette smoking. Black seniors now report less drug use than Whites. Other dimensions of famil…
Self-esteem and delinquency revisited
When Four Months Equal a Year: Inconsistencies in Student Reports of Drug Use
In this analysis of the high school senior classes of 1976 through 1979, reports of frequency of drug use during the past month are roughly three times larger than would be estimated based on reports of use during the past year; this phenomenon appears fairly consistently for alcohol, marijuana, arid 10 other categories of illicitly used drugs. The underreporting of events that are more distant in time has been observed in a wide range of surveys…
Eight Volumes of Date in Search of Interpretation
Response to Blair's Comment
Journal Article Response to Blair's Comment Get access JERALD G. BACHMAN, JERALD G. BACHMAN Institute for Social Research The University of Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar PATRICK M. O'MALLEY PATRICK M. O'MALLEY Institute for Social Research The University of Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 46, Issue 2, SUMMER 1982,…
Reliability and Consistency in Self-Reports of Drug Use
The reliability and stability of self-reports of licit and illicit drug use are estimated using longitudinal data, and found to be rather high. An apparent inconsistency in reporting (less use over a 12-month period than would be expected based on use reported over a 30-day period) is examined (1) for association with personal characteristics and (2) for individual consistency over time. Neither individual consistency nor significant associations…
Self-esteem: Change and stability between ages 13 and 23
Period, age, and cohort effects on substance use among American youth, 1976-82
Period, age, and cohort effects on substance use are differentiated for American youth 18 to 24 years old during the period from 1976 to 1982. The data are provided by the Monitoring the Future project, an ongoing study which employs a cohort-sequential design. Weighted least squares regression is used to find plausible and parsimonious models to account for the observed variation in 12 different classes of drugs, both licit and illicit. The poin…
Black-White Differences in Self-Esteem: Are They Affected by Response Styles
Blacks are more likely than whites to use the extreme response categories in Likert-type questionnaire items. This general tendency has important implications for black-white comparisons along self-esteem dimensions. Analyses of several large-scale nationally representative surveys of high school students reveal that (1) blacks score significantly higher than whites when the full-scale range is used in computing self-esteem scores, but (2) the bl…
Yea-Saying, Nay-Saying, and Going to Extremes: Black-White Differences in Response Styles
Journal Article Yea-Saying, Nay-Saying, and Going to Extremes: Black-White Differences in Response Styles Get access JERALD G. BACHMAN, JERALD G. BACHMAN Jerald G. Bachman is Program Director and Patrick M. O'Malley is Senior Study Director at the Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan. The authors thank Pamela R. E. Kittel for her assistance in the preparation of this report. Search for other work…
Drug use among young adults: The impacts of role status and social environment
In this article we report findings from panel analyses in which we examined drug use during the first three years following high school, a period during which many young people make important transitions in social environments, primary activity, and marital status. Post-high-school drug use is highly predictable from senior year drug use; however, usage rates for alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drugs (but not cigarettes) seem also to be inf…
Self-concepts, self-esteem, and educational experiences: The frog pond revisited (again)
Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in homosexual men
To clarify risk factors for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) we selected at random 785 homosexual men who had participated in studies of hepatitis B in San Francisco in 1978-80 for a follow-up study of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Although most had not been contacted in over five years, 492 (63 per cent) were located and enrolled. The 240 (67 per cent) who had developed antibodies to HIV, as measured by an enzyme-l…
Bases of Power, Facilitation Effects, and Attitudes and Behavior: Direct, Indirect, and Interactive Determinants of Drug Use
Within the attitude-behavior literature, considerable disagreement exists as to when groups and institutions will influence attitudes, when they will influence behavior independently of attitudes, and when they will influence behavior by interacting with attitudes. By drawing on research on the bases of power, this paper attempts to specify the conditions that create each type of effect. Traditional classifications of the bases of power, however,…
Period, age, and cohort effects on substance use among young Americans: A decade of change, 1976-86
In an earlier article in this Journal, we reported analyses that differentiated among period, age, and cohort effects on substance use among American youth 18 to 24 years old, from the high school classes of 1976 to 1982 during the period of 1976 to 1982. The present analyses extend the classes and years to 1986, and the age range to 18-28. A cohort-sequential design is employed, based on annual surveys of nationally representative samples of hig…
The Generality of Deviance in Late Adolescence and Early Adulthood
Because a wide variety of deviant behaviors are positively correlated with one another, some researchers conclude that all are manifestations of a single general tendency. The present analysis incorporated three waves of self-reports about heavy alcohol use, marijuana use, use of other illicit drugs, dangerous driving, and other criminal behavior for a nationally representative sample of high school seniors. A relatively stable general involvemen…
Explaining the Recent Decline in Marijuana Use: Differentiating the Effects of Perceived Risks, Disapproval, and General Lifestyle Factors
Jerald G. Bachman, Lloyd D. Johnston, Patrick M. O'Malley, Ronald H. Humphrey, Explaining the Recent Decline in Marijuana Use: Differentiating the Effects of Perceived Risks, Disapproval, and General Lifestyle Factors, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 29, No. 1 (Mar., 1988), pp. 92-112
Psychology (57 works) · Medicine (53 works) · Demography (46 works) · Environmental health (32 works) · Sociology (31 works) · Psychiatry (30 works) · Substance abuse (28 works) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (27 works) · Monitoring the Future (24 works) · Developmental psychology (21 works)