Anand Krishnan
Biographic Data
| ID | 5944446 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Anand Krishnan |
| GIVEN NAMES | Anand |
| FAMILY NAME | Krishnan |
| SIGNATURE | KRISHNAN A |
| AFFILIATIONS | All India Institute of Medical Sciences |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9173-7811 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 8 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 34 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1965 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Disease burden due to respiratory syncytial virus infection among under-5 children of India for 2020
BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) among under-5 (U5) children. Generating evidence on disease burden is important to inform decisions regarding RSV preventive strategies. This systematic analysis estimated RSV-associated burden in U5 children for 2020 in India and identified data needs for decision-making regarding preventive strategies. METHODS: We conducted meta-anal…
Exploring potential barriers and facilitators to integrate tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, and tobacco control programmes in India
Background: Co-integrating tuberculosis (TB), diabetes mellitus (DM), and tobacco control (TC) programmes in India could help address the triple burden of these diseases. However, limited information exists regarding the feasibility and determining factors of such integration. We explored potential barriers and facilitators to integrating TB, DM, and TC programmes in Ambegaon Block of Pune District, Maharashtra, and Ballabgarh Block of Faridabad …
Rural-urban disparities in tobacco use among middle aged and elderly Indian adults
Tobacco use was found to be more prevalent in rural than urban areas and among the poorer wealth quintiles. Differences in the prevalence of various socio-economic and cultural factors were found to contribute to the rural-urban differences in tobacco consumption
A vicious cycle of frailty and acute lower respiratory infection among community-dwelling adults (≥ 60 years)
We studied the relationship of frailty and acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) among a multi-site cohort of community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years in India. During January 2019‒January 2020, participants completed the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) at baseline and every 3 months at four sites in India, with each participant completing a maximum of four surveys. Participants were categorized as non-frail (0–5 points), vulnerable (6–7 poin…
Construction and validation of a covariate-based model for district-level estimation of excess deaths due to Covid-19 in India
Background: Different statistical approaches for estimating excess deaths due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have led to varying estimates. In this study, we developed and validated a covariate-based model (CBM) with imputation for prediction of district-level excess deaths in India. Methods: We used data extracted from deaths registered under the Civil Registration System for 2015-19 for 684 of 713 districts in India to estimate…
Respiratory viruses associated with severe acute respiratory infection in children aged <5 years at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India during 2013–15
Background: With the increased availability of licensed vaccines for respiratory viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza virus, a better understanding of the viral aetiology of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) among children could help in optimising the use of these vaccines. We conducted a study among children aged <5 years hospitalised with SARI at a tertiary ca…
Healthier Food Purchase and Its Determinants in an Urban Resettlement Colony of Delhi
Dietary risk, one of the major risk factors for the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases, is influenced by household food choices and purchases. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 250 randomly selected households of an urban resettlement colony in Delhi to estimate the proportion of households purchasing different healthier food options during the last purchasing occasion and to identify its key determinants. Purch…
Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in children younger than 5 years in 2019
BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of acute lower respiratory infection in young children. We previously estimated that in 2015, 33·1 million episodes of RSV-associated acute lower respiratory infection occurred in children aged 0-60 months, resulting in a total of 118 200 deaths worldwide. Since then, several community surveillance studies have been done to obtain a more precise estimation of RSV associated co…
Respiratory syncytial virus among children hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infection in Kashmir, a temperate region in northern India
Background: Severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) are a leading cause of hospitalizations in children, especially due to viral pathogens. We studied the prevalence of respiratory viruses among children aged <5 years hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in Kashmir, India. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in two tertiary care hospitals from October 2013 to September 2014, systematically enrolling …
Mental health literacy among adolescents
BACKGROUND: Mental Health Literacy (MHL) is the ability to recognize mental disorders, along with knowledge of professional help available, effective self-help strategies, skills to give support to others, and knowledge of how to prevent mental disorders. Adequate MHL is linked to better health-seeking behavior and management of mental illness. AIM: To assess the MHL related to depression and anxiety among adolescents of age 15 to 19 years residi…
Incidence, risk factors, and viral etiology of community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infection among older adults in rural north India
BACKGROUND: There are limited data on incidence, risk factors and etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) among older adults in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: We established a cohort of community dwelling older adults ≥60 years and conducted weekly follow-up for acute respiratory infections (ARI) during 2015-2017. Nurses assessed ARI cases for LRTI, collecting combined nasal/throat swabs from all LRTI cases and an e…
Mortality in India established through verbal autopsies (MinerVA)
BACKGROUND: Following data access and storage concerns, Government of India transferred the management of its Sample Registration System (SRS) based mortality surveillance (formerly known as the Million Death Study) to an Indian agency. This paper introduces the new system, challenges it faced and its vision for future. METHODS: The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, the new nodal agency, established the "Mortality in Ind…
Burden of influenza-associated respiratory and circulatory mortality in India, 2010-2013
BACKGROUND: Influenza causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, however, reliable burden estimates from developing countries are limited, including India. We aimed to quantify influenza-associated mortality for India utilizing 2010-2013 nationally representative data sources for influenza virus circulation and deaths. METHODS: Virological data were obtained from the influenza surveillance network of 10 laboratories led by National Ins…
Epidemiology of viral acute lower respiratory infections in a community-based cohort of rural north Indian children
BACKGROUND: In India, community-based acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) burden studies are limited, hampering development of prevention and control strategies. METHODS: We surveyed children <10 years old at home weekly from August 2012-August 2014, for cough, sore throat, rhinorrhoea, ear discharge, and shortness of breath. Symptomatic children were assessed for ALRI using World Health Organization definitions. Nasal and throat swabs were…
Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to dietary salt intake among adults in North India
Objective To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to salt consumption among adults in rural and urban North India. Design Data for the study were obtained from a community-based cross-sectional survey using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and 24 h urine samples. Setting Data collection was conducted during March–October 2012 in rural Haryana and urban Delhi in North India. Participants Adults ( n 1635) aged ≥20 years (7…
Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality
Nations within a nation
BACKGROUND: 18% of the world's population lives in India, and many states of India have populations similar to those of large countries. Action to effectively improve population health in India requires availability of reliable and comprehensive state-level estimates of disease burden and risk factors over time. Such comprehensive estimates have not been available so far for all major diseases and risk factors. Thus, we aimed to estimate the dise…
Labelling completeness and sodium content of packaged foods in India
Objective To estimate the proportion of products meeting Indian government labelling regulations and to examine the Na levels in packaged foods sold in India. Design Nutritional composition data were collected from the labels of all packaged food products sold at Indian supermarkets in between 2012 and 2014. Proportions of products compliant with the Food Safety Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) regulations and labelled with Na content, and me…
Evaluation of case definitions for estimation of respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations among children in a rural community of northern India
BACKGROUND: The burden estimation studies for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have been based on varied case definitions, including case-definitions designed for influenza surveillance systems. We used all medical admissions among children aged 0-59 months to study the effect of case definitions on estimation of RSV-associated hospitalizations rates. METHODS: The hospital-based daily surveillance enrolled children aged 0-59 months admitted with…
The cost of acute respiratory infections in Northern India
The cost of hospitalized ARI episodes in India is high relative to median per capita income. Data from this study can inform evaluations of the cost effectiveness of proven ARI prevention strategies such as vaccination
Disease burden due to biomass cooking-fuel-related household air pollution among women in India
BACKGROUND: Household air pollution (HAP) due to biomass cooking fuel use is an important risk factor for a range of diseases, especially among adult women who are primary cooks, in India. About 80% of rural households in India use biomass fuel for cooking. The aim of this study is to estimate the attributable cases (AC) for four major diseases/conditions associated with biomass cooking fuel use among adult Indian women. METHODS: We used the popu…
No one says ‘No’ to money” – a mixed methods approach for evaluating conditional cash transfer schemes to improve girl children’s status in Haryana, India
The apparent lack of impact on the societal mindset calls for a revision in the current approach of addressing a social issue by a purely conditional cash transfer program
A cluster-randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of a simplified cardiovascular management program in Tibet, China and Haryana, India
The trial was registered in the clinicaltrials.gov database on 30 December, 2011 and the registration number is NCT01503814
Revising the WHO verbal autopsy instrument to facilitate routine cause-of-death monitoring
OBJECTIVE: Verbal autopsy (VA) is a systematic approach for determining causes of death (CoD) in populations without routine medical certification. It has mainly been used in research contexts and involved relatively lengthy interviews. Our objective here is to describe the process used to shorten, simplify, and standardise the VA process to make it feasible for application on a larger scale such as in routine civil registration and vital statist…
Socioeconomic development and girl child survival in rural North India
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic development has been considered as a solution to the problem of sex differentials at birth and under-five mortality. This paper analyses longitudinal data from the Ballabgarh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) site in north India to check its veracity. METHODS: A cohort of children born between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2011 at Ballabgarh HDSS were followed till death, emigration, 3 years of age or en…
An Analysis of Matrimonial Advertisements
Socioeconomic development and girl child survival in rural North India
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic development has been considered as a solution to the problem of sex differentials at birth and under-five mortality. This paper analyses longitudinal data from the Ballabgarh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) site in north India to check its veracity. METHODS: A cohort of children born between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2011 at Ballabgarh HDSS were followed till death, emigration, 3 years of age or en…
Adult mortality surveillance by routine health workers using a short verbal autopsy tool in rural north India
BACKGROUND: Most of the standard verbal autopsy tools are long and are used in a research setting. This study aims to compare a short verbal autopsy (VA) tool developed at Ballabgarh, India to be used by health workers for routine mortality surveillance with a standard tool. METHODS: A short VA tool was developed which was used by health workers during their routine house visits while a standard International Network of Field Sites with continuou…
An Analysis of Matrimonial Advertisements
A role for INDEPTH Asian sites in translating research to action for non-communicable disease prevention and control
BACKGROUND: The International Network of field sites with continuous Demographic Evaluation of Populations and Their Health (INDEPTH) has 34 Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in 17 different low and middle-income countries. Of these, 23 sites are in Africa, 10 sites are in Asia, and one in Oceania. The INDEPTH HDSS sites in Asia identified chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) as a neglected area of attention. As a first step, …
Evaluation of community-based interventions for non-communicable diseases
This paper reports the results of formative and outcome evaluation of two ongoing community-based intervention programmes for integrated non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention and control in urban low-income settings of Ballabgarh near New Delhi, India, and in Depok, West Java Province of Indonesia. At both sites, a coalition of community members facilitated by academic institution and the World Health Organization, planned and implemented the…
SP1-83 Alcohol consumption and urbanisation in North India
Introduction Indian is in a state of epidemiological transition with changes in urbanisation and risk factor profiles. In this context, our objective was to study the epidemiology of alcohol use among urban and rural populations. Methods The study was conducted in Ballabgarh block, India, during January–October 2006 using the WHO-STEPs approach. Participants were selected using multi-stage sampling for rural and urban stratum (sub-divided across …
SP5-28 Cost of domiciliary treatment of drinking water in selected slums in north India
Introduction Treatment of drinking water at home is commonly advocated for prevention of diarrhoea by health personnel. The methods of disinfection include chlorination, boiling or use of filters. Among others, the cost of water treatment is a known barrier to its practice. Methods A total of 96 households treating water at home, by boiling (n=15), filtration (n=6) or sodium hypochlorite solution (Safewat® n=75) in urban slums of Haridwar and Deh…
P1-203 Social and gender differentials in childhood mortality in rural North India
Introduction Achieving Millennium Development Goals on childhood mortality in developing countries requires that inequities be addressed. This study examined changing gender differentials as social and economic improvement occurred in a rural north Indian community. Methods A dynamic cohort of children aged <5 years old in 10 villages under Ballabgarh HDSS were followed from 1 st January 2008 to death, age 5 or data censoring on 31 st December 20…
Strengthening standardised interpretation of verbal autopsy data
BACKGROUND: Verbal autopsy (VA) is the only available approach for determining the cause of many deaths, where routine certification is not in place. Therefore, it is important to use standards and methods for VA that maximise efficiency, consistency and comparability. The World Health Organization (WHO) has led the development of the 2012 WHO VA instrument as a new standard, intended both as a research tool and for routine registration of deaths…
Temporal trends and gender differentials in causes of childhood deaths at Ballabgarh, India - Need for revisiting child survival strategies
The findings of the study point out to the need to move away from disease-specific to a comprehensive approach and to address gender inequity in child survival through socio-behavioural approaches
Adult mortality surveillance by routine health workers using a short verbal autopsy tool in rural north India
BACKGROUND: Most of the standard verbal autopsy tools are long and are used in a research setting. This study aims to compare a short verbal autopsy (VA) tool developed at Ballabgarh, India to be used by health workers for routine mortality surveillance with a standard tool. METHODS: A short VA tool was developed which was used by health workers during their routine house visits while a standard International Network of Field Sites with continuou…
Revising the WHO verbal autopsy instrument to facilitate routine cause-of-death monitoring
OBJECTIVE: Verbal autopsy (VA) is a systematic approach for determining causes of death (CoD) in populations without routine medical certification. It has mainly been used in research contexts and involved relatively lengthy interviews. Our objective here is to describe the process used to shorten, simplify, and standardise the VA process to make it feasible for application on a larger scale such as in routine civil registration and vital statist…
Socioeconomic development and girl child survival in rural North India
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic development has been considered as a solution to the problem of sex differentials at birth and under-five mortality. This paper analyses longitudinal data from the Ballabgarh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) site in north India to check its veracity. METHODS: A cohort of children born between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2011 at Ballabgarh HDSS were followed till death, emigration, 3 years of age or en…
Disease burden due to biomass cooking-fuel-related household air pollution among women in India
BACKGROUND: Household air pollution (HAP) due to biomass cooking fuel use is an important risk factor for a range of diseases, especially among adult women who are primary cooks, in India. About 80% of rural households in India use biomass fuel for cooking. The aim of this study is to estimate the attributable cases (AC) for four major diseases/conditions associated with biomass cooking fuel use among adult Indian women. METHODS: We used the popu…
No one says ‘No’ to money” – a mixed methods approach for evaluating conditional cash transfer schemes to improve girl children’s status in Haryana, India
The apparent lack of impact on the societal mindset calls for a revision in the current approach of addressing a social issue by a purely conditional cash transfer program
A cluster-randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of a simplified cardiovascular management program in Tibet, China and Haryana, India
The trial was registered in the clinicaltrials.gov database on 30 December, 2011 and the registration number is NCT01503814
Evaluation of case definitions for estimation of respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations among children in a rural community of northern India
BACKGROUND: The burden estimation studies for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have been based on varied case definitions, including case-definitions designed for influenza surveillance systems. We used all medical admissions among children aged 0-59 months to study the effect of case definitions on estimation of RSV-associated hospitalizations rates. METHODS: The hospital-based daily surveillance enrolled children aged 0-59 months admitted with…
The cost of acute respiratory infections in Northern India
The cost of hospitalized ARI episodes in India is high relative to median per capita income. Data from this study can inform evaluations of the cost effectiveness of proven ARI prevention strategies such as vaccination
Nations within a nation
BACKGROUND: 18% of the world's population lives in India, and many states of India have populations similar to those of large countries. Action to effectively improve population health in India requires availability of reliable and comprehensive state-level estimates of disease burden and risk factors over time. Such comprehensive estimates have not been available so far for all major diseases and risk factors. Thus, we aimed to estimate the dise…
Labelling completeness and sodium content of packaged foods in India
Objective To estimate the proportion of products meeting Indian government labelling regulations and to examine the Na levels in packaged foods sold in India. Design Nutritional composition data were collected from the labels of all packaged food products sold at Indian supermarkets in between 2012 and 2014. Proportions of products compliant with the Food Safety Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) regulations and labelled with Na content, and me…
Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality
Epidemiology of viral acute lower respiratory infections in a community-based cohort of rural north Indian children
BACKGROUND: In India, community-based acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) burden studies are limited, hampering development of prevention and control strategies. METHODS: We surveyed children <10 years old at home weekly from August 2012-August 2014, for cough, sore throat, rhinorrhoea, ear discharge, and shortness of breath. Symptomatic children were assessed for ALRI using World Health Organization definitions. Nasal and throat swabs were…
Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to dietary salt intake among adults in North India
Objective To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to salt consumption among adults in rural and urban North India. Design Data for the study were obtained from a community-based cross-sectional survey using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and 24 h urine samples. Setting Data collection was conducted during March–October 2012 in rural Haryana and urban Delhi in North India. Participants Adults ( n 1635) aged ≥20 years (7…
Mortality in India established through verbal autopsies (MinerVA)
BACKGROUND: Following data access and storage concerns, Government of India transferred the management of its Sample Registration System (SRS) based mortality surveillance (formerly known as the Million Death Study) to an Indian agency. This paper introduces the new system, challenges it faced and its vision for future. METHODS: The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, the new nodal agency, established the "Mortality in Ind…
Burden of influenza-associated respiratory and circulatory mortality in India, 2010-2013
BACKGROUND: Influenza causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, however, reliable burden estimates from developing countries are limited, including India. We aimed to quantify influenza-associated mortality for India utilizing 2010-2013 nationally representative data sources for influenza virus circulation and deaths. METHODS: Virological data were obtained from the influenza surveillance network of 10 laboratories led by National Ins…
Incidence, risk factors, and viral etiology of community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infection among older adults in rural north India
BACKGROUND: There are limited data on incidence, risk factors and etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) among older adults in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: We established a cohort of community dwelling older adults ≥60 years and conducted weekly follow-up for acute respiratory infections (ARI) during 2015-2017. Nurses assessed ARI cases for LRTI, collecting combined nasal/throat swabs from all LRTI cases and an e…
Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in children younger than 5 years in 2019
BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of acute lower respiratory infection in young children. We previously estimated that in 2015, 33·1 million episodes of RSV-associated acute lower respiratory infection occurred in children aged 0-60 months, resulting in a total of 118 200 deaths worldwide. Since then, several community surveillance studies have been done to obtain a more precise estimation of RSV associated co…
Medicine (32 works) · Environmental health (20 works) · Internal Medicine (14 works) · Population (12 works) · Demography (11 works) · Pathology (10 works) · Respiratory system (10 works) · Disease (9 works) · Global Maternal and Child Health (9 works) · Respiratory viral infections research (9 works)