Nicolas Guéguen
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 87493 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Nicolas Guéguen |
| PRENOMES | Nicolas |
| SOBRENOME | Guéguen |
| ASSINATURA | GUÉGUEN N |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Université de Bretagne Sud |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8963-1751 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 82 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 69 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 82 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2000 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Guilt Cues Enhance the Door-on-the-Face Technique
The door-in-the-face (DITF) technique consists of making a large request with a high probability of rejection and immediately after being rejected, making a second moderate request which subsequently has a higher probability of being accepted than when this later request is directly addressed. In this study, we examined the influence of adding a guilt cue after the rejection of the initial large request. Participants in the street were asked to b…
Disrupt Pique Technique
This study examined the effect of the pique technique preceded by a disrupting process. Passersby in the street were asked for money, either for a common amount of change (control) or 37 cents (pique technique). In half of the cases, the requester added a disrupting sentence at the beginning of the request. Results showed that the pique technique alone and the disrupting technique alone increased compliance with the request. Adding a first disrup…
Quand Internet nous mène par le bout du clic
Does the sense of the geographic proximity of a requester influence donation? Three evaluations in field studies
Holding your flag
Research has shown that exposure to the national flag alters people's behavior and political and intergroup judgments. In several field studies conducted in an area of France with a strong regional identity, we examined the effect of the presence of the regional flag versus the national flag versus no flag on behaviors. Various situations (e.g., money solicitation, implicit helping behavior, food tasting) were tested in Brittany, on the French we…
Mr de Bussy” is More Employable than “Mr Bussy”
Previous studies examining the effect of surnames on evaluations have shown that surnames are associated with connotations which influence how we evaluate people. In this experiment, conducted in France, we examined the effect of the nobiliary particle “de” associated with a surname in a job application evaluation situation. A male applicant’s résumé was presented to participants, randomly divided into two independent groups, who were asked to ev…
Effect of Interviewer's Eyeglasses on Compliance with a Face-to-face Survey Request and Perception of the Interviewer
Several studies have shown that people photographed wearing eyeglasses were perceived more positively as to intelligence and honesty. However, the effect of wearing glasses on behavior and in real face-to-face relationships has never been examined. In two studies, interviewers wearing or not wearing eyeglasses were instructed to ask people in the street to respond to a survey. It was found that the compliance rate increased when the interviewer w…
Door-in-the-Face and But-You-Are-Free
According to Howard's proposal of chaining compliance techniques and based on the proximity of interpretation of their effects, this study aimed to test a combination of two paradigms: a door-in-the-face request that makes a high-cost request before the target request and the but-you-are-free request that adds an evocation of freedom to the request. Two experiments were conducted (N = 120 and 1,292) to promote donations to non-profit organization…
Effects of Active Listening, Reformulation, and Imitation on Mediator Success
An experiment with 212 students (100 men, 112 women; M age = 18.3 years, SD = 0.9) was carried out to compare the effect of four techniques used by mediators on the number of agreements contracted by negotiators. Under experimental conditions, mediators were asked either to rephrase (reformulate) negotiators' words or to imitate them or to show active listening behavior, or finally, to use a free technique. More agreements were reached in the act…
Compliance without pressure for minimal income policy management
In a field study for a French public organization, 3 strategies designed to enhance attendance at meetings were compared. Recipients of a minimum income allowance receive invitation letters to orientation meetings; these letters usually emphasize coercion and threaten to withdraw their allowance. This approach has limitations: the participation rate is poor, and the consequences are detrimental for both the organization and the beneficiaries. To …
Quand Internet nous mène par le bout du clic
Carrying Flowers on a City Street Increases Others' Spontaneous Helping Behavior
Several studies have shown the psychological benefits of plants on people's health, emotions, and well-being. However, the effect of flowers on social relations, and particularly helping behavior, has never been tested. In three field studies, confederates held a bunch of flowers or a T-shirt, or they had nothing in their hands while walking in a shopping mall and accidentally dropping a card-holder on the floor (Study 1) or while waiting at a pe…
Effect of Wearing Eyeglasses on Judgment of Socioprofessional Group Membership
Several researchers have reported that people photographed wearing eyeglasses were perceived as being more intelligent and honest than people who were not wearing them. In this study, conducted in France, I tried to replicate this effect using a forced-choice situation. Participants viewed a photograph of a male target wearing, or not wearing, eyeglasses and were instructed to estimate his socioprofessional group using a well-known French list. R…
Effect of Solicitor's Suntanned Face on Compliance with a Face-to-Face Helping Request
Psychologists have investigated why people want to have a tanned skin and how to prevent people's exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. However, the effect of suntan on social behavior has not been investigated. In this experiment, conducted in France, a female confederate wearing, or not wearing, a self-tanning cream on her face asked 104 male and 111 female passersby (approximate ages 30 to 60 yr.) to participate in a survey. It was found th…
The Effect of the “Evoking Freedom” Technique on an Unusual and Disturbing Request
The "evoking freedom" technique consists in soliciting someone to comply with a request by simply saying that she is free to accept or to refuse the request. However, previous studies used low cost requests. The present study examined the magnitude of this technique associated with a more disturbing and costly request. Sixty men and 60 women aged approximately 20-25 years walking in the street were asked by a male confederate to hold a closed tra…
Places for Help
A field experiment was conducted to explore whether certain urban places have an influence on helpfulness. Places semantically associated with the idea of love may act as primes and trigger increased helpfulness. Passersby (96 men, 96 women) happened upon a female confederate with a "leg injury" who inadvertently dropped personal items. The experiment took place in a common street or near a hospital entrance, a Catholic church, or a flower shop. …
Does the geographic proximity of products influence a consumer’s decision? An evaluation in a restaurant
Retracted Article
The Interviewer Wore a Flower in Her Hair
Studies have shown that restaurant waitresses with hair ornamentation receive higher tips than waitresses without ornaments. However, the effect of such ornamentation on other behaviors has never been explored. In this study, the effect of a female interviewer's hair ornamentation on compliance with a survey request was examined. Male and female passersby walking alone in the street were asked to participate in a short survey on their food consum…
Men's Judgment and Behavior Toward Women Wearing High Heels
Research has consistently shown that the appearance of women's apparel influences men's behavior and judgment. However, the effect of women's shoe heels has received little interest. Female confederates wearing black shoes with 0-, 5-, or 9-cm heels walked on the street. In a first experiment, we examined the number of men in the street who smiled at the female confederate. More smiles were addressed to the confederate with high heels. In a secon…
Imitation in Mediation
We conducted 2 experiments ( N = 180 participants in Study 1 and N = 102 in Study 2) to examine the effect of imitation shown by a mediator towards negotiators who were on opposing sides in regard to a financial decision being made by a fictitious company. Contrary to what was expected, data in the first study showed that, when the mediator imitated the negotiator during the first 5 minutes of an interview, this was insufficient to predispose neg…
Effect of an Interviewer's Tactile Contact on Willingness to Disclose Voting Choice
The positive effect of tactile contact on compliance has been widely reported in the literature. However, the effect of touch on willingness to disclose confidential information has never been studied. Two days after European Parliamentary elections, people who were walking by in the street were asked by an interviewer who was unknown to them, to reveal for which candidate they had voted. According to a random distribution, some of the people who…
Effect of Hair Ornamentation on Helping
Previous research has found that restaurant waitresses wearing flowers in their hair received higher tips. Here, the effect of hair ornamentation on responses to an explicit request for help was assessed. Two female confederates wearing a barrette with or without a flower asked 240 passersby (120 men, 120 women; apparently 30 to 40 years of age) in the street for bus fare change. The uccess rate was 76.7% when they wore the ornamentation and only…
The Lure Technique
Many techniques designed to gain compliance to a request are presented in the social psychological literature. However, the lure technique has received little attention from scientists. This technique, also called bait-and-switch, is used to influence people's choices and involves three stages: (1) individuals are led to make a rewarding decision to carry out a given behavior; (2) they are informed of the impossibility of carrying out this behavi…
Inducing the Concept of Love among Men and their Compliance to a Donation Request for an Association against Domestic Violence toward Women
Previous research found that exposition to the concept of love appeared effective to increase men's helping behavior toward women. However, only direct solicitation was examined. In this study, 40 men were first induced with the idea of love with the help of a dummy survey about love and romantic behavior, and one minute later they were asked to help an association against domestic violence toward women. In the control condition, 40 men were indu…
Domestic Dogs as Facilitators in Social Interaction
Previous studies have suggested that dogs facilitate social interaction between humans. Furthermore, the nature of social interaction is limited to nonverbal behavior such as smiling or gazing or to commonplace conversations. Four studies were carried out in field settings in order to explore if dogs can facilitate closer relationships. In the first experiment, a male confederate (accompanied or not by a dog) solicited people for money in the str…
Effects of Solicitor Sex and Attractiveness on Receptivity to Sexual Offers
First Name Popularity as Predictor of Employability
For more than fifty years, research in psychology has demonstrated that our evaluation of others may be influenced by their surname or first name. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the attractiveness and frequency of names in situations of recruitment for low qualification level jobs. Using data from a recruitment agency, we tested (binomial regression) for effects associated with first name popularity, surname frequency, first name + sur…
Effects of a Tattoo on Men’s Behavior and Attitudes Towards Women
Cues of Men's Parental Investment and Attractiveness for Women
An experiment was carried out in which a male confederate, seated at a pavement area of a bar, happened to meet his "sister" (a female confederate) and her baby. In one case, the confederate interacted with the baby, whereas in the other case he paid no attention to him. A few minutes later, while the confederate was alone, he solicited a young woman who was seated near his table and asked her for her phone number. Results showed that when the co…
Incidental Similarity Facilitates Behavioral Mimicry
Research has shown that mimicry increases the social influence of the mimicker and leads to greater liking of the mimicker. It has been proposed that mimicry is exhibited to create affiliation and rapport during social interaction. In two experiments (total N = 95) we manipulated the role of incidental similarity between two individuals on mimicry behavior. Undergraduates who believed they had (vs. did not have) the same first name (Study 1) or s…
Women's Hair Color and Survey Response Rate
Retracted Article
Holding your flag
Research has shown that exposure to the national flag alters people's behavior and political and intergroup judgments. In several field studies conducted in an area of France with a strong regional identity, we examined the effect of the presence of the regional flag versus the national flag versus no flag on behaviors. Various situations (e.g., money solicitation, implicit helping behavior, food tasting) were tested in Brittany, on the French we…
The Interviewer Wore a Flower in Her Hair
Studies have shown that restaurant waitresses with hair ornamentation receive higher tips than waitresses without ornaments. However, the effect of such ornamentation on other behaviors has never been explored. In this study, the effect of a female interviewer's hair ornamentation on compliance with a survey request was examined. Male and female passersby walking alone in the street were asked to participate in a short survey on their food consum…
Redesigning the Donation Box
Some recent studies have shown that physical objects present in the environment can affect altruism. This effect was demonstrated in the context of fundraising for animals. Different banks were placed near the cash register in eight bakeries with a message explaining that the solicitation was for animal welfare. The banks were either in the shape of a dog, a cat, a cow, a pig, or a classic cube. Results showed that more donations were given with …
Does the sense of the geographic proximity of a requester influence donation? Three evaluations in field studies
Mr de Bussy” is More Employable than “Mr Bussy”
Previous studies examining the effect of surnames on evaluations have shown that surnames are associated with connotations which influence how we evaluate people. In this experiment, conducted in France, we examined the effect of the nobiliary particle “de” associated with a surname in a job application evaluation situation. A male applicant’s résumé was presented to participants, randomly divided into two independent groups, who were asked to ev…
Effect of Interviewer's Eyeglasses on Compliance with a Face-to-face Survey Request and Perception of the Interviewer
Several studies have shown that people photographed wearing eyeglasses were perceived more positively as to intelligence and honesty. However, the effect of wearing glasses on behavior and in real face-to-face relationships has never been examined. In two studies, interviewers wearing or not wearing eyeglasses were instructed to ask people in the street to respond to a survey. It was found that the compliance rate increased when the interviewer w…
Exposition to altruism quotes and helping behavior
When Drivers See Red
Research has found that exposition to red is associated with physiological activation and fighting spirit. A field experiment was conducted to explore whether the color of cars is related to an aggressive response. Drivers waiting at a traffic light were blocked by an experimental car. The color of the car varied (blue, red, green, black, and white). The amount of time that elapsed until the drivers responded by honking their horns or beaming the…
The Impact of Patronymic Attractiveness on Employability
We link patronymics (first and last names presented together) to success in the job market by investigating the influence of name attractiveness on employability. Using data from a recruitment agency, we tested (binomial regression) for effects associated with age, gender, and name attractiveness on job interview outcomes. We found that candidates with more attractive patronymics were more likely to be retained by employers
Mr "Py" is Probably a Good Mathematician
Research suggests that surnames are associated with connotations such as ethnicity, liking, familiarity ... In this experiment we tested the effect of a symbolic connation associated with a surname. Several ads offering private math lessons for pupils were published in various local French newspapers. The surname of the professor in mathematics who offered his help was manipulated according to the experimental conditions: Mr Py a surname that sou…
Effect on Tipping of Barman Drawing a Sun on the Bottom of Customers' Checks
Previous research has demonstrated that a pleasant drawing (a smiling face) on a restaurant bill increased the number of tips left by clients. A similar experiment was carried out using a drawing of the sun since it is known that tips increase on sunny days. The experiment was carried out in local bars and involved clients who have ordered an espresso coffee. Analysis showed that the drawing of the sun led clients to leave a tip more frequently t…
Effect on Tipping of Barman Drawing a Sun on the Bottom of Customers' Checks
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Social Labeling and Compliance
Research on the effect of a negative social labeling on compliance has shown divergent results. Sometimes, a negative labeling made after a first request leads to decreased compliance with a further request, while, in other cases, this labeling leads to increased compliance. These contradictory results could come from the presence or absence of a link between the label and the nature of the further request. An experiment was carried out in which …
Effect of a Perfume on Prosocial Behavior of Pedestrians
Effect of a Perfume on Prosocial Behavior of Pedestrians
Several studies have shown that perfumes encourage prosocial behavior of people from whom help is requested in the street. Implicit requests for help were studied. On a pedestrian walk, a woman confederate, with or without a heavy perfume, walked by the subject while dropping a packet of paper handkerchiefs or a glove apparently without noticing. Results show that the confederate was warned more often when wearing a perfume
Effect of a Perfume on Prosocial Behavior of Pedestrians
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Low-Ball and Compliance to a Request
An Evaluation of Touch on a Large Request
The effect of touch on compliance to a request has traditionally been tested with small solicitation (answer to a small questionnaire, give a dime to a confederate ....). In our experiment a larger request was evaluated. Passersby, 53 men and 67 women, were asked by two confederates to look after a large and very excited dog for 10 minutes because each wanted to go into a pharmacy where animals were prohibited. In half of the cases, subjects were…
Another Evaluation of Touch and Helping Behavior
Although positive effect of touch on compliance has been widely reported, new evaluation was made with an unusual request. 80 male bus drivers were solicited by a male or a female confederate to take the bus despite having too little money for the fare. Bus drivers were briefly touched by the confederate during solicitation. Analysis showed that bus drivers who were touched accepted the request more favorably but only when made by a female
Cultural Differences in Altruistic Behavior
A study was designed to validate in France the so-called foot-in-the-door technique with implicit demand described by Uranowitz in 1975, a test of altruistic behavior shown previously to have a positive effect on compliance. However, in conditions of a high-justification request. Uranowitz did not obtain the subjects' compliance. In the present study of foot-in-the-door with implicit demand, subjects complied with the request whatever the justifi…
Hitchhikers' Smiles and Receipt of Help
The positive association of smiling on helping behavior is well established in social psychology. Nevertheless, no study was found for the effect of smiling on hitchhiking success. An experiment was carried out in France where hitchhiking is a legal and common practice. Four confederates, 2 young men and 2 young women, selected for their "average attractiveness" hitchhiked, signaled to 800 (503 men and 297 women) motorists driving along the road …
Retracted Article
Odd versus Even Prices and Consumers' Behavior
Schindler and Kibarian reported prices ending with a nine were associated with more purchases among customers who were women. To generalize this effect to a new business context, two groups of 200 people were solicited at home and asked to buy pancakes to raise money for a charitable organization. In half of the cases, the price of pancakes was 1.99euro, and in the other half they were proposed at 2.00euro. Analysis showed that the price ending w…
Cartoon Music in a Candy Store
Cartoon Music in a Candy Store
An experiment on consumers' behavior was carried out in a new field context. According to a random assignment, 60 customers from ages 12 to 14 years who entered a candy store were exposed to Top Forty music which was usually played in this store, music from cartoons (Captain Flame, Candy, Olive & Tom, etc.), or no music. Analysis showed that customers spent significantly more time in the store when cartoon music was played, but the two styles of …
The Effect of a Woman's Smile on Men's Courtship Behavior
Previous studies have found that various nonverbal behaviors performed by women are associated with men approaching. A female confederate was instructed either to smile or to not smile at a man when entering a bar. It was found that those men who were smiled at approached the woman and considered her more favorably. This effect is explained in accordance with studies that found smiling enhanced attractiveness and that a smile is interpreted to be…
Foot-in-the-Door Technique Using a Courtship Request
Foot-in-the-door" is a well-known compliance technique which increases compliance to a request. Many investigations with this paradigm have generally used prosocial requests to test its effect. Evaluation of the effect of foot-in-the-door was carried out with a courtship request. 360 young women were solicited in the street to accept having a drink with a young male confederate. In the foot-in-the-door condition, before being solicited to have a …
Semantically Induced Memories of Love and Helping Behavior
This study tested the effect of semantically induced thoughts of love on helping behavior. In a natural setting, 253 participants were interviewed and asked to retrieve the memory of a love episode or, in the control condition, a piece of music they loved. They then met another confederate who asked for money. Analysis showed that inducing the idea of love had a significant positive effect on compliance to a request by a male passerby who was ask…
Domestic Dogs as Facilitators in Social Interaction
Previous studies have suggested that dogs facilitate social interaction between humans. Furthermore, the nature of social interaction is limited to nonverbal behavior such as smiling or gazing or to commonplace conversations. Four studies were carried out in field settings in order to explore if dogs can facilitate closer relationships. In the first experiment, a male confederate (accompanied or not by a dog) solicited people for money in the str…
Menstrual cycle phases and female receptivity to a courtship solicitation
Induced Cognitions of Love and Helpfulness to Lost Persons
In a field experiment, a total of 161 male and 175 female passersby were asked to remember a love episode or, in the control condition, the memory of a piece of music. They then encountered another confederate who asked for directions. Results showed that participants previously induced with the idea of love spent more time giving directions than did participants in the control group, and that men who retrieved the memory of a love episode were m…
Incidental Similarity Facilitates Behavioral Mimicry
Research has shown that mimicry increases the social influence of the mimicker and leads to greater liking of the mimicker. It has been proposed that mimicry is exhibited to create affiliation and rapport during social interaction. In two experiments (total N = 95) we manipulated the role of incidental similarity between two individuals on mimicry behavior. Undergraduates who believed they had (vs. did not have) the same first name (Study 1) or s…
The Combined Effect of the Foot-in-the-Door Technique and the “But You Are Free” Technique
In a field experiment using the selective sorting of household wastes as the dependant variable, we have tested the combined effect of two techniques that induced compliance to a request: the foot-in-the-door (FITD) technique and the “but you are free ...” technique. Homeowners were asked to record on a form their entire household wastes for 1 month. In the FITD technique, participants were first asked to respond to a short survey on selective so…
The Impact of Guilt on Mimicry Behavior
In the experiment we conducted, participants were separated into guilt or not guilt conditions, with guilt induced by causing participants to feel that they were responsible for something wrong that occurred to a confederate. A few minutes later, the participants viewed a video where a young female touched and rubbed her face several times. A measure of feeling of guilt was administered in both experimental conditions. Participants in the guilt c…
The effect of a woman's incidental tactile contact on men's later behavior
Previous research has indicated that a light tactile contact is associated with a positive response towards the person who is touching. The effect of touch on courtship was investigated in this experiment, which was conducted in a field setting. A female confederate either slightly touched or did not touch a man in a bar when asking him for some help. It was found that men who were touched showed more interest toward the female confederate than w…
Psychology (79 obras) · Social Psychology (65 obras) · Social Psychology (61 obras) · Psychology of Social Influence (51 obras) · Developmental psychology (26 obras) · Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior (24 obras) · Compliance (psychology (19 obras) · Computer Science (17 obras) · Emotions and Moral Behavior (16 obras) · Sociology (14 obras)