Niloufer Siddiqui
Biographic Data
| ID | 996194 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Niloufer Siddiqui |
| GIVEN NAMES | Niloufer |
| FAMILY NAME | Siddiqui |
| SIGNATURE | SIDDIQUI N |
| AFFILIATIONS | University at Albany, State University of New York |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1816-5378 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 17 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 82 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 17 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2013 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Does interstate conflict affect attitudes towards domestic minorities? Evidence from India
In multiethnic societies, domestic minority groups are frequently associated with external adversaries. In such situations, external confrontations may potentially exacerbate internal ethnic conflict by increasing intolerance toward the domestic minority. Alternatively, they may result in rallying the public around a common superordinate national identity. We examine the case of India, which has a long-running rivalry with Muslim-majority Pakista…
Conceptualizing Election-Related Violence
Electoral violence has become an increasingly common manifestation of political violence around the globe. Reflecting the growing significance of this form of violence, there has been a sharp rise in research on the topic in political science and related disciplines. In this article, we analyze the various definitions and typologies of election violence put forward in the literature, highlighting points of agreement and disagreement. We examine h…
Misinformation and Support for Vigilantism: An Experiment in India and Pakistan
Vigilante violence, often targeting religious and sectarian minorities and preceded by unsubstantiated rumors, has taken the lives of many citizens in India and Pakistan in recent years. Despite its horrific nature, such vigilantism receives popular support. Can reducing the credibility of rumors via corrections decrease support for vigilantism? To answer this question, we field simultaneous, in-person experiments in Punjab, Pakistan, and Uttar P…
Illicit gains and state capture: Political party extortion in India and Pakistan
Nationalism, Status, and Conspiracy Theories: Evidence from Pakistan
Does nationalism increase beliefs in conspiracy theories that frame minorities as subversives? From China to Russia to India, analysts and public commentators increasingly assume that nationalism fuels belief in false or unverified information. Yet existing scholarly work has neither theoretically nor empirically examined this link. Using a survey experiment conducted among 2,373 individuals and 6 focus groups with 6–8 participants each, for a to…
Votes for Water: Ethnic Service Delivery and Criminality in Karachi, Pakistan
Third Party Presence and the Political Salience of Ethnicity in Survey Data
In developing countries, in-person surveys are frequently conducted in the presence of respondents’ family, friends, or neighbors. What effect, if any, does their presence have on survey responses? We use data from an original survey in Karachi, Pakistan, to examine how such presence affects responses to questions related to ethnic identity and ethnic politics. We find that respondents are systematically more likely to express greater support for…
Elites and arbitrary power: Ethical Challenges and Guiding Principles for Research With Violent Political Actors
Many approaches to and recommendations for ethical research assume a power dynamic between the researcher and the researched that favours the researcher. When study participants include political elites however, the power dynamic is often reversed. This power differential in favour of political elites can render existing guidelines unhelpful or inappropriate, especially where such actors have individualised discretion over coercion and violence. …
Political Parties and Violence in Karachi, Pakistan
Political parties in many ethnically polarized contexts around the world engage in electoral violence. Why do some parties engage in violence directly while others do so through intermediaries? Existing literature has produced contradictory results about when democracy turns violent and paid insufficient attention to the form that party violence takes. Using qualitative and survey data of both party elites and voters, this paper focuses on two pa…
Can Appeals for Peace Promote Tolerance and Mitigate Support for Extremism? Evidence from an Experiment with Adolescents in Burkina Faso
Recent efforts to improve attitudes toward outgroups and reduce support for extremists in violent settings report mixed results. Donors and aid organizations have spent millions of dollars to amplify the voices of moderate religious figures to counter violent extremism in West Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. Despite this investment, we know little about whether such messaging persuades the primary recruits of violent extremist organizati…
Voters and Foreign Policy: Evidence from a Conjoint Experiment in Pakistan
How much weight do voters place on foreign policy when deciding between electoral candidates? In traditional surveys in Pakistan, the vast majority of respondents identify India as an enemy and threat to Pakistan. What these studies do not assess is whether these beliefs affect voter preferences. Using a conjoint survey experiment conducted among 1,990 respondents in Pakistan, we find that respondents punish hypothetical politicians who advocate …
Public Opinion and Crisis Behavior in a Nuclearized South Asia
Research on public opinion and crisis behavior has focused largely on pressures felt by leaders who have initiated a crisis, not on leaders in target states responding to adversary provocation. Our survey experiment involving 1,823 respondents in Punjab, Pakistan, finds public support for escalating rather than de-escalating in response to such provocation. It shows how public pressures can encourage conflict even in instances where a leader has …
Who do you believe? Political parties and conspiracy theories in Pakistan
In authoritarian states, emerging democracies, and well-established democracies alike, alternative accounts that contest official state narratives are common. Why do people believe such accounts even in the absence of supporting evidence? While this question has been explored in the United States, relatively little research has assessed it in other contexts. Through a survey experiment carried out in Pakistan, this article tests the impact of cue…
Secular Party Rule and Religious Violence in Pakistan
Does secular party incumbency affect religious violence? Existing theory is ambiguous. On the one hand, religiously motivated militants might target areas that vote secularists into office. On the other hand, secular party politicians, reliant on the support of violence-hit communities, may face powerful electoral incentives to quell attacks. Candidates bent on preventing bloodshed might also sort into such parties. To adjudicate these claims, we…
National identity, religious tolerance, and group conflict: Insights from a survey experiment in Pakistan
Can highlighting the national contributions of a religiously marginalized group increase tolerance toward that group, even when its presence in the national identity is disputed? Research shows that prejudice can be overcome by emphasizing a superordinate identity to which members of different groups belong. Our paper investigates whether the provision of information about a religious minority group’s contribution to the nation—and in the process…
Islam's Political Disadvantage: Corruption and Religiosity in Quetta, Pakistan
Religion is often seen as important to voting behavior, particularly in the Islamic world, where personal piety may serve as an informational shortcut to voters otherwise unclear about candidate quality. But how do voters react when nominally pious candidates are alleged to be corrupt? Are pious candidates evaluated differently according to their sectarian affiliations? To investigate the impact of candidate piety and sectarian identity on voter …
Mawlana Mawdudi
This handbook offers a geographically comprehensive, in-depth analysis of the interaction of Islam and politics in the post-9/11 era, in an increasingly globalising world, and in an Arab world transitioning to democracy.It addresses significant questions and issues such as: What is the current state of Islam and politics? How and why has political Islam been relevant in recent years? What are the repercussions and policy implications of the incre…
Who do you believe? Political parties and conspiracy theories in Pakistan
In authoritarian states, emerging democracies, and well-established democracies alike, alternative accounts that contest official state narratives are common. Why do people believe such accounts even in the absence of supporting evidence? While this question has been explored in the United States, relatively little research has assessed it in other contexts. Through a survey experiment carried out in Pakistan, this article tests the impact of cue…
Secular Party Rule and Religious Violence in Pakistan
Does secular party incumbency affect religious violence? Existing theory is ambiguous. On the one hand, religiously motivated militants might target areas that vote secularists into office. On the other hand, secular party politicians, reliant on the support of violence-hit communities, may face powerful electoral incentives to quell attacks. Candidates bent on preventing bloodshed might also sort into such parties. To adjudicate these claims, we…
Political Parties and Violence in Karachi, Pakistan
Political parties in many ethnically polarized contexts around the world engage in electoral violence. Why do some parties engage in violence directly while others do so through intermediaries? Existing literature has produced contradictory results about when democracy turns violent and paid insufficient attention to the form that party violence takes. Using qualitative and survey data of both party elites and voters, this paper focuses on two pa…
Public Opinion and Crisis Behavior in a Nuclearized South Asia
Research on public opinion and crisis behavior has focused largely on pressures felt by leaders who have initiated a crisis, not on leaders in target states responding to adversary provocation. Our survey experiment involving 1,823 respondents in Punjab, Pakistan, finds public support for escalating rather than de-escalating in response to such provocation. It shows how public pressures can encourage conflict even in instances where a leader has …
National identity, religious tolerance, and group conflict: Insights from a survey experiment in Pakistan
Can highlighting the national contributions of a religiously marginalized group increase tolerance toward that group, even when its presence in the national identity is disputed? Research shows that prejudice can be overcome by emphasizing a superordinate identity to which members of different groups belong. Our paper investigates whether the provision of information about a religious minority group’s contribution to the nation—and in the process…
Misinformation and Support for Vigilantism: An Experiment in India and Pakistan
Vigilante violence, often targeting religious and sectarian minorities and preceded by unsubstantiated rumors, has taken the lives of many citizens in India and Pakistan in recent years. Despite its horrific nature, such vigilantism receives popular support. Can reducing the credibility of rumors via corrections decrease support for vigilantism? To answer this question, we field simultaneous, in-person experiments in Punjab, Pakistan, and Uttar P…
Third Party Presence and the Political Salience of Ethnicity in Survey Data
In developing countries, in-person surveys are frequently conducted in the presence of respondents’ family, friends, or neighbors. What effect, if any, does their presence have on survey responses? We use data from an original survey in Karachi, Pakistan, to examine how such presence affects responses to questions related to ethnic identity and ethnic politics. We find that respondents are systematically more likely to express greater support for…
Elites and arbitrary power: Ethical Challenges and Guiding Principles for Research With Violent Political Actors
Many approaches to and recommendations for ethical research assume a power dynamic between the researcher and the researched that favours the researcher. When study participants include political elites however, the power dynamic is often reversed. This power differential in favour of political elites can render existing guidelines unhelpful or inappropriate, especially where such actors have individualised discretion over coercion and violence. …
Voters and Foreign Policy: Evidence from a Conjoint Experiment in Pakistan
How much weight do voters place on foreign policy when deciding between electoral candidates? In traditional surveys in Pakistan, the vast majority of respondents identify India as an enemy and threat to Pakistan. What these studies do not assess is whether these beliefs affect voter preferences. Using a conjoint survey experiment conducted among 1,990 respondents in Pakistan, we find that respondents punish hypothetical politicians who advocate …
Illicit gains and state capture: Political party extortion in India and Pakistan
Nationalism, Status, and Conspiracy Theories: Evidence from Pakistan
Does nationalism increase beliefs in conspiracy theories that frame minorities as subversives? From China to Russia to India, analysts and public commentators increasingly assume that nationalism fuels belief in false or unverified information. Yet existing scholarly work has neither theoretically nor empirically examined this link. Using a survey experiment conducted among 2,373 individuals and 6 focus groups with 6–8 participants each, for a to…
Votes for Water: Ethnic Service Delivery and Criminality in Karachi, Pakistan
Can Appeals for Peace Promote Tolerance and Mitigate Support for Extremism? Evidence from an Experiment with Adolescents in Burkina Faso
Recent efforts to improve attitudes toward outgroups and reduce support for extremists in violent settings report mixed results. Donors and aid organizations have spent millions of dollars to amplify the voices of moderate religious figures to counter violent extremism in West Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. Despite this investment, we know little about whether such messaging persuades the primary recruits of violent extremist organizati…
Islam's Political Disadvantage: Corruption and Religiosity in Quetta, Pakistan
Religion is often seen as important to voting behavior, particularly in the Islamic world, where personal piety may serve as an informational shortcut to voters otherwise unclear about candidate quality. But how do voters react when nominally pious candidates are alleged to be corrupt? Are pious candidates evaluated differently according to their sectarian affiliations? To investigate the impact of candidate piety and sectarian identity on voter …
Mawlana Mawdudi
This handbook offers a geographically comprehensive, in-depth analysis of the interaction of Islam and politics in the post-9/11 era, in an increasingly globalising world, and in an Arab world transitioning to democracy.It addresses significant questions and issues such as: What is the current state of Islam and politics? How and why has political Islam been relevant in recent years? What are the repercussions and policy implications of the incre…
Islam's Political Disadvantage: Corruption and Religiosity in Quetta, Pakistan
Religion is often seen as important to voting behavior, particularly in the Islamic world, where personal piety may serve as an informational shortcut to voters otherwise unclear about candidate quality. But how do voters react when nominally pious candidates are alleged to be corrupt? Are pious candidates evaluated differently according to their sectarian affiliations? To investigate the impact of candidate piety and sectarian identity on voter …
National identity, religious tolerance, and group conflict: Insights from a survey experiment in Pakistan
Can highlighting the national contributions of a religiously marginalized group increase tolerance toward that group, even when its presence in the national identity is disputed? Research shows that prejudice can be overcome by emphasizing a superordinate identity to which members of different groups belong. Our paper investigates whether the provision of information about a religious minority group’s contribution to the nation—and in the process…
Secular Party Rule and Religious Violence in Pakistan
Does secular party incumbency affect religious violence? Existing theory is ambiguous. On the one hand, religiously motivated militants might target areas that vote secularists into office. On the other hand, secular party politicians, reliant on the support of violence-hit communities, may face powerful electoral incentives to quell attacks. Candidates bent on preventing bloodshed might also sort into such parties. To adjudicate these claims, we…
Who do you believe? Political parties and conspiracy theories in Pakistan
In authoritarian states, emerging democracies, and well-established democracies alike, alternative accounts that contest official state narratives are common. Why do people believe such accounts even in the absence of supporting evidence? While this question has been explored in the United States, relatively little research has assessed it in other contexts. Through a survey experiment carried out in Pakistan, this article tests the impact of cue…
Voters and Foreign Policy: Evidence from a Conjoint Experiment in Pakistan
How much weight do voters place on foreign policy when deciding between electoral candidates? In traditional surveys in Pakistan, the vast majority of respondents identify India as an enemy and threat to Pakistan. What these studies do not assess is whether these beliefs affect voter preferences. Using a conjoint survey experiment conducted among 1,990 respondents in Pakistan, we find that respondents punish hypothetical politicians who advocate …
Public Opinion and Crisis Behavior in a Nuclearized South Asia
Research on public opinion and crisis behavior has focused largely on pressures felt by leaders who have initiated a crisis, not on leaders in target states responding to adversary provocation. Our survey experiment involving 1,823 respondents in Punjab, Pakistan, finds public support for escalating rather than de-escalating in response to such provocation. It shows how public pressures can encourage conflict even in instances where a leader has …
Can Appeals for Peace Promote Tolerance and Mitigate Support for Extremism? Evidence from an Experiment with Adolescents in Burkina Faso
Recent efforts to improve attitudes toward outgroups and reduce support for extremists in violent settings report mixed results. Donors and aid organizations have spent millions of dollars to amplify the voices of moderate religious figures to counter violent extremism in West Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. Despite this investment, we know little about whether such messaging persuades the primary recruits of violent extremist organizati…
Political Parties and Violence in Karachi, Pakistan
Political parties in many ethnically polarized contexts around the world engage in electoral violence. Why do some parties engage in violence directly while others do so through intermediaries? Existing literature has produced contradictory results about when democracy turns violent and paid insufficient attention to the form that party violence takes. Using qualitative and survey data of both party elites and voters, this paper focuses on two pa…
Illicit gains and state capture: Political party extortion in India and Pakistan
Nationalism, Status, and Conspiracy Theories: Evidence from Pakistan
Does nationalism increase beliefs in conspiracy theories that frame minorities as subversives? From China to Russia to India, analysts and public commentators increasingly assume that nationalism fuels belief in false or unverified information. Yet existing scholarly work has neither theoretically nor empirically examined this link. Using a survey experiment conducted among 2,373 individuals and 6 focus groups with 6–8 participants each, for a to…
Votes for Water: Ethnic Service Delivery and Criminality in Karachi, Pakistan
Third Party Presence and the Political Salience of Ethnicity in Survey Data
In developing countries, in-person surveys are frequently conducted in the presence of respondents’ family, friends, or neighbors. What effect, if any, does their presence have on survey responses? We use data from an original survey in Karachi, Pakistan, to examine how such presence affects responses to questions related to ethnic identity and ethnic politics. We find that respondents are systematically more likely to express greater support for…
Elites and arbitrary power: Ethical Challenges and Guiding Principles for Research With Violent Political Actors
Many approaches to and recommendations for ethical research assume a power dynamic between the researcher and the researched that favours the researcher. When study participants include political elites however, the power dynamic is often reversed. This power differential in favour of political elites can render existing guidelines unhelpful or inappropriate, especially where such actors have individualised discretion over coercion and violence. …
Does interstate conflict affect attitudes towards domestic minorities? Evidence from India
In multiethnic societies, domestic minority groups are frequently associated with external adversaries. In such situations, external confrontations may potentially exacerbate internal ethnic conflict by increasing intolerance toward the domestic minority. Alternatively, they may result in rallying the public around a common superordinate national identity. We examine the case of India, which has a long-running rivalry with Muslim-majority Pakista…
Conceptualizing Election-Related Violence
Electoral violence has become an increasingly common manifestation of political violence around the globe. Reflecting the growing significance of this form of violence, there has been a sharp rise in research on the topic in political science and related disciplines. In this article, we analyze the various definitions and typologies of election violence put forward in the literature, highlighting points of agreement and disagreement. We examine h…
Misinformation and Support for Vigilantism: An Experiment in India and Pakistan
Vigilante violence, often targeting religious and sectarian minorities and preceded by unsubstantiated rumors, has taken the lives of many citizens in India and Pakistan in recent years. Despite its horrific nature, such vigilantism receives popular support. Can reducing the credibility of rumors via corrections decrease support for vigilantism? To answer this question, we field simultaneous, in-person experiments in Punjab, Pakistan, and Uttar P…
Political science (17 works) · Law (13 works) · Politics (13 works) · Law (12 works) · Psychology (9 works) · Economics (8 works) · Social Psychology (7 works) · Sociology (7 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Political Conflict and Governance (5 works)