Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Lessons from the Bell Curve

Bibliographic Data

ID10177239
AuthorsJames J Heckman (0000-0002-0399-662X, corresponding author)
Year1995
Volume103
Issue5
Pages1091-1120
Publication date1995-10-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Political Economy (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-3808 • E-ISSN: 1537-534X
PublisherUniversity of Chicago Press (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1086/262014
OpenAlexW1971173307
LanguageEN
Citations received54
References cited15

This paper examines the argument presented in The Bell Curve. A central argument is that one factor--g--accounts for correlation across test scores and performance in society. Another central argument is that g cannot be manipulated. These arguments are combined to claim that social policies designed to improve social performance cannot be effective. A reanalysis of the evidence contradicts this story. The factors that explain wages receive different weights than the factors that explain test scores. More than g is required to explain either. Other factors besides g contribute to social performance and they can be manipulated. Copyright 1995 by University of Chicago Press

Argument (complex analysis · Econometrics · Economics · Positive economics · Test (biology · Income, Poverty, and Inequality · Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies · Labor market dynamics and wage inequality · Psychology

  • The Wages of Sinistrality

    Open Access•Joshua Goodman•The Journal of Economic…•2014

  • The Assignment of Workers to Tasks with Endogenous Supply of Skills

    Open Access•Arnaud Dupuy•Economica•2015

  • The Economics of International Differences in Educational Achievement

    Eric A Hanushek, Ludger Woessmann•Handbook of the Economics of…•2011

  • Persistence and Fadeout in the Impacts of Child and Adolescent Interventions

    Drew H Bailey, Drew Bailey et al.•Journal of Research on…•2017

  • The Labor Market Returns to Cognitive and Noncognitive Ability

    Erik Lindqvist, Roine Vestman et al.•American Economic Journal Applied…•2011

  • The economics, technology, and neuroscience of human capability formation

    Open Access•James J Heckman•Proceedings of the National…•2007

  • Heritability in the genomics era — concepts and misconceptions

    Open Access•Peter M Visscher, William G Hill et al.•Nature Reviews Genetics•2008

  • Chapter 12 Interpreting the Evidence on Life Cycle Skill Formation

    Flávio Cunha, James J Heckman et al.•Handbook of the economics of…•2006

  • Schools, Skills, and Synapses

    Open Access•James J Heckman•Economic Inquiry•2008

  • The Growing Importance of Social Skills in the Labor Market

    David Deming, David J Deming•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•2017

  • Policies to foster human capital

    Open Access•James J Heckman•Research in Economics•2000

  • Chapter 48 Race and gender in the labor market

    Joseph G Altonji, Rebecca M Blank•Handbook of labor economics•1999

  • The Technology of Skill Formation

    Flávio Cunha, James J Heckman et al.•American Economic Review•2007

  • A Different Land of Opportunity

    Hui Ren Tan•Journal of Labor Economics•2023

  • Jack-of-all-subjects? The association between individual grade variance and educational attainment

    Open Access•Astrid Marie Jorde Sandsør•Economics of Education Review•2020

  • Exploring the Hypothetical Impact of Genetic Engineering on Ethnicity

    Open Access•Niklas Alexander Döbler, Alexander Pastukhov et al.•Bioethics•2026

  • Downgrading Estimates Controlling for a Key Confounder

    Open Access•Niriaska Perozo, Fernando Antonio Ignacio González•Kyklos•2026

  • Estimating ethnic discrimination in the labour market using experimental data

    N Drydakis•Journal of Southeast European and…•2012

  • The Effects of Cognitive and Noncognitive Abilities on Labor Market Outcomes and Social Behavior

    James J Heckman, Jora Stixrud et al.•Journal of Labor Economics•2006

  • IQ, Academic Performance, Environment, and Earnings

    Jeffrey S Zax, Daniel I Rees•The Review of Economics and…•2002

  • Understanding the Black-White Test Score Gap in the First Two Years of School

    Roland G Fryer, Steven D Levitt•The Review of Economics and…•2004

  • Numeracy and the Impact of High Food Prices in Industrializing Britain, 1780–1850

    Jörg Baten, Dorothee Crayen et al.•The Review of Economics and…•2014

  • Dual pathways of intergenerational influence over multiple generations

    Qing Huang, Huang Qing et al.•Chinese Sociological Review•2023

  • Changes in the Black-White Gap in Achievement Test Scores

    Larry V Hedges, Amy Nowell•Sociology of Education•1999

  • Verbal Ability and Socioeconomic Success

    Open Access•R M Hauser, Min-Hsiung Huang•Social Science Research•1997

  • Functional or futile

    Open Access•Reanne Frank•Social Science & Medicine•2008

  • Differential Test Performance in the American Educational System

    Stephen J Finch, Harvey A Farberman et al.•The Journal of Sociology & Social…•2002

  • Interpreting Trends in Intergenerational Mobility

    Martin Nybom, Jan Stuhler•Journal of Political Economy•2024

  • Gender, Confidence, and the Mismeasure of Intelligence, Competitiveness and Literacy

    Glenn W Harrison, Glenn Harrison et al.•Journal of Political Economy•2025

  • The American Family in Black & White

    Open Access•James J Heckman•Daedalus•2011

  • Interpreting estimates of heritability – A note on the twin decomposition

    Open Access•Anders Stenberg•Economics & Human Biology•2012

  • Schooling, intelligence, and income

    Stephen J Ceci, W M Williams•American Psychologist•1997

  • The Bell Curve Revisited

    Open Access•D Conley, B W Domínguez•Sociological Science•2016

  • Employment chances of immigrants and their children in Germany

    Open Access•Anna Thum-Thysen•IZA Journal of Migration•2016

  • Young children’s cognitive achievement

    Open Access•Lara A Frumkin•Journal of Early Childhood Research•2013

  • Pay for performance for prenatal care and newborn health

    Open Access•María Laura Alzúa, Noemí Katzkowicz•World Development•2021

  • The formation and evolution of childhood skill acquisition

    Open Access•Christian Helmers, Manasa Patnam•Journal of Development Economics•2010

  • Withdrawn

    Open Access•Gary N Marks•Social Science Research•2014

  • Modelling adult skills in OECD countries

    Open Access•Rosario Scandurra, Jorge Calero•British Educational Research…•2017

  • School Resources and Student Outcomes

    Open Access•David Card, Alan B Krueger•The Annals of the American…•1998

  • Causes and Consequences of Cognitive Functioning Across the Life Course

    Open Access•R M Hauser•Educational Researcher•2010

  • The Evidence on Credit Constraints in Post‐Secondary Schooling

    Open Access•Pedro Carneiro, James J Heckman•The Economic Journal•2002

  • Efectos de la asistencia temprana a centros de cuidado y educativos en el desarrollo infantil

    Open Access•Noemí Katzkowicz, Martina Querejeta•Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad•2020

  • Desarrollo infantil en Uruguay

    Open Access•Elisa Failache, Noemí Katzkowicz•Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad•2019

  • The role of IQ and education in predicting later labor market outcomes

    Matthew H Scullin, Elizabeth Peters et al.•Psychology Public Policy and Law•2000

  • Class inequality and meritocracy

    Open Access•R Breen, John H Goldthorpe•British Journal of Sociology•1999

  • Detecting Discrimination

    Open Access•James J Heckman•The Journal of Economic…•1998

  • Data Watch

    Open Access•Michael R Pergamit, Michael Pergamit et al.•The Journal of Economic…•2001

  • Mental Retirement

    Open Access•Susann Rohwedder, Robert J Willis•The Journal of Economic…•2010

  • School Resources and Student Outcomes

    Open Access•David Card, Alan B Krueger•The Journal of Economic…•1996

  • The Black/White Skill Gap in Early Childhood

    Open Access•Benjamin G Gibbs, Douglas B Downey•Sociological Perspectives•2020

  • Does Church Attendance Really Increase Schooling

    Open Access•Linda Datcher Loury•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2004

  • The Legacy of Disadvantage

    P Sharkey, Felix Elwert•American Journal of Sociology•2011

  • Cognitive abilities and self-rated health

    Open Access•J Schnittker•Social Science Research•2005

  • Human Cognitive Abilities

    Open Access•John B Carroll•Human Cognitive Abilities•1993

  • "General Intelligence," Objectively Determined and Measured

    C Spearman•The American Journal of Psychology•1904

  • The Great Compression

    Claudia Goldin, Robert A Margo•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•1992

  • Social Background and School Continuation Decisions

    Robert D Mare•Journal of the American…•1980

  • The bell curve

    Charles A Murray, Richard J Herrnstein•The bell curve•1996

  • Race and Culture

    Thomas Sowell•Race and culture•1992

  • Teaching thinking skills

    Richard J Hernstein, Raymond S Nickerson et al.•American Psychologist•1986

  • Recent trends in the process of stratification

    Open Access•David B Grusky, T Diprete et al.•Demography•1990

  • Irrational Behavior and Economic Theory

    Gary S Becker•Journal of Political Economy•1962

  • Family socialization and the IQ test performance of traditionally and transracially adopted Black children

    Elsie G J Moore, Elsie G Moore•Developmental Psychology•1986

  • Topics in Regression Analysis

    J Joshua Thomas, Arthur S Goldberger•Economica•1970

  • Does Compulsory School Attendance Affect Schooling and Earnings

    Joshua D Angrist, Alan B Krueger•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•1991

  • The Promise of Public Sector-Sponsored Training Programs

    Open Access•Robert J Lalonde, Robert Lalonde•The Journal of Economic…•1995

Unique citing works54
Citations per year1,8
Citation span1996 - 2026 (31)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 52

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae