Grade Retention and School Dropout
Comparing Specific Grade Levels Across Childhood and Early Adolescence
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 11670880 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Z Giano (0000-0001-6289-9689, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, corresponding author), Amanda L Williams (0000-0003-3163-6303, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA), Amanda Williams (0000-0002-0982-0297, University of Arkansas at Fayetteville), Jennifer N Becnel (0000-0002-5697-7123, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA) |
| Year | 2021 |
| Volume | 42 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 33-57 |
| Publication date | 2021-05-12 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The Journal of Early Adolescence (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0272-4316 • E-ISSN: 1552-5449 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/02724316211010332 |
| OpenAlex | W3162216905 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 13 |
| References cited | 57 |
Students who repeat a grade are at a higher risk of dropping out of high school. Previous research has examined this in a methodologically aggregated way (e.g., repeated any grade versus never repeated) or only specific grades/grade ranges (e.g., Kindergarten or elementary) leaving questions about which grades are more detrimental to repeat with respect to school dropout. This study uses data from the National Center for Education Statistics ( N = 9,309) to comparatively examine which grades, when repeated, show the strongest associations with dropping out. Overall, those who repeated sixth or seventh had the highest odds of dropping out of high school with unique patterns by gender and race/ethnicity. These grades are typically when youth transition into middle school. When examined through a developmental lens, these results highlight the important impact that grade retention while youth experience other normative physical, cognitive, and social changes
Academic achievement · Developmental psychology · Dropout (neural networks · Ethnic group · Grade retention · Logistic regression · Normative · Odds · School dropout · Early Childhood Education and Development · Medicine · Parental Involvement in Education · Psychology · School Choice and Performance
Understanding the role of parental support and expectations in preventing grade retention in Chilean schools
Estimation and determinants of school efficiency in public education
Improving student engagement and achievement in education
Predicting educational exclusion
German language support in Austria
Grade Retention
Analysis of relationship between school bullying and age-grade distortion in Brazil
Effects of grade retention in lower secondary education on students' self‐concept, self‐esteem, goal orientations, and school career
Addressing underachievement and early school leaving in Europe
Elementary students’ social, emotional, and cognitive development during the Covid- 19 pandemic in North America
Trajetórias educacionais como evidência da qualidade da educação básica brasileira
Retained for life
Language Support and Institutional Discrimination
The Transition to High School as a Developmental Process Among Multiethnic Urban Youth
Struggles with Survey Weighting and Regression Modeling
A Public Health Perspective on School Dropout and Adult Outcomes
Schools, Academic Motivation, and Stage‐Environment Fit
Preventing Student Disengagement and Keeping Students on the Graduation Path in Urban Middle-Grades Schools
A marker for the end of adolescence
Meta-analysis of Grade Retention Research
Inference by eye
Uncertain aspirations
Assessing the Transitions to Middle and High School
Grade Retention at the Transition to Secondary School
Differences between Elementary and Middle School Teachers and Students
Middle School Teachers’ Academic and Behavioral Perceptions of Their Students and Expectations for High School Graduation
Transitioning to Middle School in the Sixth Grade
Same Old, Same Old? Students’ Experiences of Grade Retention under Chicago’s Ending Social Promotion Policy
Psychological and social aspects of educating gifted students
Racial and Ethnic Variation in the Predictors of Maternal Parenting Stress
Stability and change in temperament during adolescence
Child, family, and childcare predictors of delayed school entry and kindergarten retention among linguistically and ethnically diverse children
Trajectories of school engagement during adolescence
Patterns and Trends in Grade Retention Rates in the United States, 1995–2010
First- Through Eighth-Grade Retention Rates for All 50 States
The Implicit Prejudiced Attitudes of Teachers
Grade Retention and School Dropout
The Life Course as Developmental Theory
Schools as Developmental Contexts During Adolescence
Effects of Feeder Patterns on Students' Transition to High School
The Scarring Effects of Primary-Grade Retention? A Study of Cumulative Advantage in the Educational Career
The 9th grade shock and the high school dropout crisis
Are Happy Youth Also Satisfied Adults? An Analysis of the Impact of Childhood Factors on Adult Life Satisfaction
| Unique citing works | 13 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,6 |
| Citation span | 2021 - 2026 (6) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 13 |