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Making visible the invisible

Exploring McLuhan’s figure/ground in digital citizenship education

Bibliographic Data

ID12778993
AuthorsIngrid Forsler (0000-0002-1548-1981, Södertörn University, corresponding author), Michelle Ciccone (0000-0002-8980-3576, University of Massachusetts Amherst)
Year2021
Volume20
Issue4
Pages437-455
Publication date2021-12-01
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueExplorations in Media Ecology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1539-7785 • E-ISSN: 2048-0717
PublisherIntellect (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1386/eme_00110_1
OpenAlexW4200136940
LanguageEN
Citations received3
References cited15

Figure and ground are analytical concepts used to discuss how some elements of a lived situation dominate perception, while others remain in the background. This applies not least to media and research from the medium theoretical tradition as well as later scholarship on media infrastructures, which have been keen to explore the taken for granted or invisible aspects of the media landscape. In media education, however, there is still a tendency to focus on the figure of digital media by treating media technologies as tools or to focus on the critical evaluation of media content. This article draws on McLuhan’s co-authored textbook City as Classroom to suggest a pedagogical turn towards the ground of the internet. Based on concrete examples from middle school digital citizenship education, the article shows how a focus on the ground of digitalization actualizes topics such as environmental concerns, global inequalities and data privacy. These topics are conceptualized and discussed through the environmental/spatial metaphors clouds, exhaust and architecture

Aesthetics · Art · Citizenship · Common ground · Digital media · Focus (optics · Media ecology · Media studies · Media theory · New media · Political science · Politics · Scholarship · Sociology · The Internet · World Wide Web · Communication · Computer Science · Law · Literacy, Media, and Education · Media, Communication, and Education

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    Michelle Ciccone, Cecilia Yuxi Zhou et al.•Journal of Advertising•2026

  • Making visible the invisible

    Open Access•Ingrid Forsler, Michelle Ciccone•Explorations in Media Ecology•2021

  • Rethinking Repair

    Steven J Jackson•Media Technologies•2014

  • McLuhan as Teacher

    Open Access•Walter J Ong•Journal of Communication•1981

  • Towards a radical digital citizenship in digital education

    A Emejulu, Callum Mcgregor•Critical Studies in Education•2016

  • Education and everyday life

    John Dowd•Journal of Multicultural Discourses•2018

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    Open Access•Ingrid Forsler, Michelle Ciccone•Explorations in Media Ecology•2021

  • The media literacy movement’s debt to Marshall McLuhan

    Alex Kuskis•Explorations in Media Ecology•2015

  • McLuhan's challenge to critical media literacy

    Lance Mason•Curriculum Inquiry•2016

  • A Concept Analysis of Digital Citizenship for Democratic Citizenship Education in the Internet Age

    Moonsun Choi•Theory & Research in Social…•2016

  • Propaganda in an Age of Algorithmic Personalization

    Open Access•Renee Hobbs•Reading Research Quarterly•2020

  • A century of Gestalt psychology in visual perception

    J Wagemans, James H Elder et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2012

  • Reconceptualising critical digital literacy

    Open Access•Luci Pangrazio, Luciana Pangrazio•Discourse Studies in the Cultural…•2016

Citations per year0.6
Citation span2021 - 2026 (6)
Highly citedNo

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