Representation of social class in Korean ELT materials

A visual analysis

Bibliographic Data

ID12838166
AuthorsChristopher A Smith (0000-0002-5035-6828, Carleton University), Csilla Weninger (0000-0001-5874-8757, Nanyang Technological University)
Year2026
Publication date2026-03-04
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Language and Politics (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1569-2159 • E-ISSN: 1569-9862
PublisherJohn Benjamins Publishing Company (PUBLISHER • NL)
DOI10.1075/jlp.26033.smi
OpenAlexW7133543132
LanguageEN
Citations received1
References cited22

Within English language textbook (ELT) research, studies across national contexts show that neoliberal ideology pervades the textual and visual content of textbooks. However, little attention has been paid specifically to social class and how its representations fit within the neoliberal discourses of ELT textbooks. In this paper, drawing on multimodal critical discourse analysis, we consider how ELT textbooks in Korea represent social class in their visual content. Contrary to earlier research that highlighted the aspirational worlds depicted in ELT textbooks as uniformly middle-class, we show that both white- and blue-collar occupations are represented, but in way that entirely decontextualize them from labor, social relations, and the broader class structures in which they are embedded. We explain this pattern in the context of English language learning in Korea, its huge success as part of neoliberal reforms, and in the current labor-market

Class (philosophy · Context (archaeology · Ideology · Neoliberalism (international relations · Representation (politics · Social class · Literacy, Media, and Education · Multilingual Education and Policy · Second Language Learning and Teaching

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