The Syrian Refugee Crisis and Foreign Policy Decision-Making in Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 13020114 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Gerasimos Tsourapas (0000-0002-2746-9752, University of Birmingham, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2019 |
| Volume | 4 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 464-481 |
| Publication date | 2019-03-05 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Global Security Studies (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2057-3189 • E-ISSN: 2057-3189 |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press (OUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1093/jogss/ogz016 |
| OpenAlex | W2944442780 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 136 |
| References cited | 32 |
How does forced migration affect the politics of host states and, in particular, how does it impact states’ foreign policy decision-making? The relevant literature on refugee politics has yet to fully explore how forced migration affects host states’ behavior. One possibility is that they will employ their position in order to extract revenue from other state or nonstate actors for maintaining refugee groups within their borders. This article explores the workings of these refugee rentier states, namely states seeking to leverage their position as host states of displaced communities for material gain. It focuses on the Syrian refugee crisis, examining the foreign policy responses of three major host states—Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey. While all three engaged in post-2011 refugee rent-seeking behavior, Jordan and Lebanon deployed a back-scratching strategy based on bargains, while Turkey deployed a blackmailing strategy based on threats. Drawing upon primary sources in English and Arabic, the article inductively examines the choice of strategy and argues that it depended on the size of the host state's refugee community and domestic elites’ perception of their geostrategic importance vis-à-vis the target. The article concludes with a discussion of these findings’ significance for understanding the international dimension of the Syrian refugee crisis and argues that they also pave the way for future research on the effects of forced displacement on host states’ political development
Business · Development economics · Economics · Forced migration · Foreign policy · Leverage (statistics · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Position (finance · Refugee · Refugee crisis · Sociology · State (computer science · International Development and Aid · Migration, Refugees, and Integration · Turkey's Politics and Society · Law
Bilateral Relations Between Refugee-Hosting and Origin Countries
Who Owns the Future of Syrians in Lebanon? Intimate Family Explorations of Refugees’ Own Search for Durable Solutions
Syrian Refugees in Turkey
Deportation Diplomacy
Authoritarian middle powers and the liberal order
Credible fictions
When Do States Repatriate Refugees? Evidence from the Middle East
Climate change and refugee communities in Jordan
Making Rafha
Governing Practices and Strategic Narratives for Syrian Refugee Returns
Challenge of Localization under Restrictive Government Rule
Making sense’ of Turkey’s refugee policy
Celebrity Refugees and Foreign Policy
Using forced migration to foster emergence? International aid and development policies in Cameroon
The Status of Refugee Rights in Light of Memorandum of Understanding and Mechanism of Implementation
Contested hospitality and welcome at the airport borders
New approaches to conditionality in EU-Turkey relations
De la “crisis de los migrantes” de 2015 a la gobernanza europea de las fronteras
Adhocracy in Action
Polycentric governance of transit migration
Liberal–Illiberal Paradoxes in Türkiye’s Exceptional Citizenship Policy, 2016–2024
Can States Resist Migration Blackmail While Protecting Migrants
Ex post gatekeeping and the fiction of border control
Why Do People Flee? Revisiting Forced Migration in Post-Saddam Baghdad
La migración como (f)actor geopolítico
(Trans)formations de l’État et gouvernance des migrations forcées en Tunisie
Electoral competition dynamics and Syrian refugee discourses and policies in Germany and France
The Political Economy of Nationality-Based Labor Inclusion Strategies
Responsibility to Protect and Syria’s Displacement
Global China, Cooperative Migration Diplomacy and the Future of Transnational Labour
The rising fear of terrorism and the emergence of a European security governance space
Multiple borders in one war
EU Migration Governance Beyond Its Borders
A Scoping Review of the Vulnerabilities of Syrian Refugees Amid Overlapping Crises in Jordan, Lebanon, and Türkiye
Au-delà des théories de la rente et de l’externalisation de la gestion migratoire
Limited political benefits for transit countries who manage migration
Queering Syrian refugee crisis in Lebanon
Introduction
Media coverage of climate change in Jordan
Responding to Climate Change in Jordan
Under the guise of resilience
The EU's effectiveness in the Eastern Mediterranean migration quandary
Threats, deportability and aid
Insecurity, deportability and authority
Turkey’s Walled Borders
Forced migration governance in Tunisia
Losing Leverage’ in the Neighbourhood
Rethinking higher education in protracted crises
Change and Continuity of Occupations Through Displacement
Looking Back and Moving Forward
Re‐spatialising migration governance
Mass migration governance and openness toward refugees
The Syrian refugee crisis through the lenses of Turkish political discourses
Humanitarianism, securitization, and containment in Jordan's Za'atari Refugee Camp
The Repertoire of Extraterritorial Repression
Practicing Social Cohesion in the Dark
Temporary Adjustment or Normative Change? Fertility and Marriage Preferences of Syrian Refugees in Turkey in the Context of Forced Migration
Hesitant sharing, hesitant caring
Latin American immigration and refugee policies
Resilience in Practice
Preserving order
Framing Syrian refugees in Turkish politics
Embracing complexity in ‘Southern’ migration governance
Nudging migrants around
Depoliticization and (re)politicization tactics in refugee governance in Lebanon
The politicization and framing of migration in West Africa
The Turkish Government’s Ambivalent Policy Response to the New Influx of Afghan Migrants through the Public Policy Tools
Politics, Strategy, and State Responses to Conflict-Generated Migration
Leveraging Selective State Capacity
Hierarchy in the Politics of Migration
Bolstering Autocracy, Hindering Democracy
Foreign Aid Allocation as Migration Control
Evidence as a Specific Knowledge to Inform Humanitarian Decision-Making in Migration Crisis Contexts
The Migration State in the Global South
Disentangling Forced Migration Governance
Appearing to disappear
Refugee commodification
When ‘brothers and sisters’ become ‘foreigners’
Tunisia’s migration politics throughout the 2011 revolution
Navigating through depoliticisation
Refugee return and fragmented governance in the host state
Refugee flows, foreign policy, and safe haven nexus in Turkey
Making sense of Lebanon’s approach to the (non-)securitisation of Syrian refugees
Theorising migration politics
Gulf responses to Syrian refugee arrivals in Lebanon
Authoritarian legacies
Only the Blue‐Eyed Ones”
Governance through discipline in the neighbourhood
The Curious Case of Bhasan Char
Mobility control as state-making in civil war
The impacts of multi-layered identities on relationship with others
Rentier migration
The permanent few or the temporary many? Evaluating refugee integration obstructors through implementation of the Ethiopia and Jordan Job Compacts
Leveraging the European Refugee Crisis
How Do Consociations Craft Asylum Policy? Lebanon’s Response to Conflict-Induced Displacement as an Exploratory Case
Terrain of Contestation
De-centring the Securitisation of Asylum and Migration in the European Union
The dog that barks doesn’t bite’? Non-performativity in migration diplomacy
Accessible vs Applicable Policies? A Discussion on Calculated Informality of Afghan Migrants in Turkey
Migration and foreign policies
Jordan's inter-Arab relations
Case Study Research
Process-Tracing Methods
Weapons of Mass Migration
Field Research in Political Science
Open Arms Behind Barred Doors
Dangerous Sanctuaries
The Migration of Power and North-South Inequalities
Protection by Persuasion
UNHCR and the Syrian refugee response
Explaining the (Non-)Encampment of Syrian Refugees
Security, Stability, and International Migration
Collateral Damage
Crossing Borders
Migration diplomacy in the Global South
Refugees in international politics
The European Union and the Securitization of Migration
Migrants as strategic actors in the European Union's Global Approach to Migration and Mobility
Why Collaborate? Issue-Linkage and International Regimes
Insights and Pitfalls
How the Cases You Choose Affect the Answers You Get
Labor Migrants as Political Leverage
Immigration, refugees, and foreign policy
Power and Interdependencerevisited
The New Grand Compromise
The Next Waves
Understanding Process Tracing
The Gulf crisis
| Unique citing works | 136 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 19,43 |
| Citation span | 2019 - 2026 (8) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 135 |