Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Business Cases for Sustainability

A Stakeholder Theory Perspective

Bibliographic Data

ID20413239
AuthorsStefan Schaltegger (0000-0001-7756-5526, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany, corresponding author), Jacob Hörisch (0000-0001-5825-1652, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany), Ralph E Freeman (0000-0002-0721-5878, University of Virginia)
Year2019
Volume32
Issue3
Pages191-212
Publication date2019-09-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueOrganization & Environment (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1086-0266 • E-ISSN: 1552-7417
PublisherSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/1086026617722882
OpenAlexW2739637477
LanguageEN
Citations received63
References cited84

The “business case for sustainability” is a notion often referenced in the corporate sustainability and corporate social responsibility literature. Whereas some see sustainability and the business case as contradictions and thus emphasize the existence of trade-offs, others highlight how (potential) business cases can be created by managing ecological, social, and economic aspects. Both views have in common that the “business case” is implicitly or explicitly seen as creating financial performance, often for one group of stakeholders, only. The fact that a business case is not a given phenomenon but has to be co-created in the exchange between and with contributions from various stakeholders has so far not been analysed in depth. By taking a stakeholder theory perspective, this article extends the existing research on what business and a business case are about and analyses the understanding of business cases for sustainability and how they can be created with and by stakeholders

Business · Business analysis · Business case · Business model · Business relationship management · Corporate social responsibility · Corporate sustainability · Creating shared value · Electronic business · New business development · Phenomenon · Philosophy of business · Political science · Process management · Product-service system · Public relations · Social sustainability · Stakeholder · Stakeholder Theory · Sustainability · Sustainability organizations · Sustainable Business · Computer Science · Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting · Environmental Sustainability in Business · Sustainable Supply Chain Management · Ecology · Marketing

  • When Results Eclipse Sustainability

    Open Access•Ifzal Ahmad, Mehfooz Ullah et al.•Organization & Environment•2026

  • Stakeholder Participation in Local Healthcare Governance, Strategic Development under UN SDG-3

    Open Access•Sulman Naeem Mirza•Pakistan Social Sciences Review•2025

  • A stakeholder perspective of social sustainability measurement in healthcare supply chain management

    Open Access•Faramarz Khosravi, Gokhan Izbirak•Sustainable Cities and Society•2019

  • Business modelling in farm-based biogas production

    Open Access•Niklas Karlsson, Maya Hoveskog et al.•Sustainability Science•2018

  • Stakeholder theory

    Open Access•Ritika Mahajan, Weng Marc Lim et al.•Journal of Business Research•2023

  • A Stakeholder Theory Perspective on Business Models

    Open Access•Birte Freudenreich, Florian Lüdeke-Freund et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2020

  • Berufsbildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung

    Open Access•Susanne Weber, Franz Kaiser et al.•Berufsbildung für nachhaltige…•2021

  • New Business Models for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management Services

    Open Access•Clément Feger, Laurent Mermet•Organization & Environment•2020

  • For a Unified Stakeholder Management Science

    Open Access•Alejandro Agafonow, Cristina Neesham et al.•Philosophy of Management•2025

  • Metaphorical Mapping for Sensemaking and Sensebreaking of Stakeholder Relations in Sustainability Frames

    Open Access•Kalyani Menon•Organization & Environment•2022

  • Sustainability and financial performance among SDG-reporting fishing and farming firms

    Open Access•Mirela Cristea, Raluca Mihaela Drăcea et al.•Oeconomia Copernicana•2026

  • Strategic Shift

    Open Access•Post Raj Pokharel•Business Strategy and the…•2026

  • Industry 4.0 and Structural Transformation

    Open Access•Mustapha Amzil, Lhoucine Ben Hssain et al.•Business Strategy and the…•2026

  • From ESG Performance to Environmental Stewardship

    Open Access•Yanqi Sun, Howard Davey et al.•Business Strategy and the…•2026

  • Navigating the ESG Paradox

    Open Access•Min‐Jae Lee, Anna Pak et al.•Business Strategy and the…•2026

  • Entrepreneurial Orientation and Supply Chain Sustainability

    Open Access•Olivia Finnerty, Graham Heaslip et al.•Business Strategy and the…•2026

  • Beyond the Reports

    Open Access•Hammed Afolabi, Ronita Ram et al.•Business Strategy and the…•2026

  • Beyond Economic‐Environmental Dominance

    Open Access•Jaime J González‐Masip•Business Strategy and the…•2026

  • Corporate social responsibility and green supply chain efficiency

    Open Access•Futing Liao, Yaoyao Hu et al.•Humanities and Social Sciences…•2024

  • An assessment of collaborative research in corporate sustainability

    Open Access•Maitreyee Das, Abhishek Dutta et al.•Social Sciences & Humanities Open•2025

  • Stakeholder involvement and preferences in landscape protection decision-making

    Open Access•Yue Li, Nor Azlina Abu Bakar et al.•Frontiers in Communication•2024

  • Sustainable Supply Chain Strategy and Sustainable Competitive Advantage

    Open Access•Jianmin Sun, Muddassar Sarfraz et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2022

  • Vandalism control

    Abhishek Bhati, Manisha Agarwal•Current Issues in Tourism•2021

  • Sustainable wine and food products as precursors of sustainable wine tourism

    Open Access•Abel Duarte Alonso, Oanh Thi Kim Vu et al.•Current Issues in Tourism•2025

  • Stakeholder theory

    Open Access•Vladislav Valentinov, Steffen Roth•Systems Research and Behavioral…•2024

  • Minimizing the sustainability knowledge-practice gap through creating shared value

    Najmeh Hassanli, Janine Ashwell•Journal of Sustainable Tourism•2024

  • Sustainability materiality matrices in doubt

    Idoya Ferrero‐ferrero, Raúl León et al.•Journal of Environmental Planning…•2021

  • Why is institutional pressure insufficient to develop green innovation in manufacturing firms? The role of green high-performance work systems and managerial environmental concern

    Kamran Sherazi, Pengcheng Zhang et al.•Journal of Environmental Planning…•2025

  • Board characteristics and sustainability in higher education institutions

    Open Access•Doaa Aly, Muath Abdelqader et al.•Higher Education Quarterly•2024

  • Climate discourses of petroleum corporations in China and the United States

    Open Access•Jieyun Feng, Wenze Lu et al.•English for Specific Purposes•2025

  • Multifunctional Tetralemma. Framework for the Strategic Management of Moral Trade-offs

    Open Access•Steffen Roth, Vladislav Valentinov•Journal of Business Ethics•2026

  • Social Trust and Corporate Greenwashing

    Open Access•Jiacai Xiong, Linghong Chen et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2026

  • Shaping the Future of Business Sustainability

    Open Access•Lan Li, L X Li et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2025

  • Particularizing Nonhuman Nature in Stakeholder Theory

    Open Access•Teea Kortetmäki, Anna Heikkinen et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2023

  • Revealing the Incrementalism Trap in Corporate Sustainability

    Open Access•Kim Strunk, Kaisa Henttonen et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2026

  • Stakeholder Theory

    Open Access•Vladislav Valentinov•Journal of Business Ethics•2023

  • Artist-led Practices for the Inclusion of Nonhuman Stakeholders

    Open Access•Melehat Nil Güları, Anna Dziuba et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2025

  • Does Stakeholder Orientation Improve Firms’ Operations? Evidence from Inventory Management

    Open Access•Yunxiao Liu, Woochan Kim et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2026

  • Corporate Environmental Sustainability Via Stakeholder Collaboration

    Open Access•Vladislav Valentinov, Ronaldo De Oliveira Santos Jhunior et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2026

  • Stakeholder theory and the knowledge problem

    Open Access•Vladislav Valentinov•Business Ethics, the Environment…•2022

  • Consultants as discreet corporate change agents for sustainability

    Open Access•Jean-Pascal Gond, Jean‐Pascal Gond et al.•Business Ethics, the Environment…•2024

  • Stakeholder Theory Is Dead

    Open Access•Lemuel Kenneth David, Jianling Wang et al.•Business Ethics, the Environment…•2026

  • Formalizing an integrated metric system measuring performance of urban sustainability

    Open Access•Bingsheng Liu, Zhongqi Yang et al.•Sustainable Cities and Society•2022

  • A sustainable performance framework for building a circular economy system at the firm-level

    Open Access•INDAH TRI NOVITA, Ruslan Prijadi et al.•Sustainable Futures•2026

  • Getting Stakeholders Right

    Open Access•Mojca Marc, Iana Bilynets et al.•Heritage & Society•2026

  • The business case for sustainability in retrospect

    Open Access•Tim Breitbarth, Stefan Schaltegger et al.•Journal of Public Affairs•2018

  • The marketing and public affairs of sustainability

    Open Access•Tim Breitbarth, Stefan Schaltegger et al.•Journal of Public Affairs•2018

  • Greening Mexican manufacturing

    Open Access•María Mónica Gloria Clara Castillo-Esparza, Antonia Madrid-Guijarro et al.•Sustainable Development•2024

  • Analysis of the Relationships Between Sustainable Development Goals, Sustainable Development and Organizational Results

    Open Access•Juan Antonio Giménez Espín, Amelia Pérez Zabaleta•Sustainable Development•2025

  • Unleashing the power of green culture

    Open Access•Fuping Bai, Yujie Huang et al.•Sustainable Development•2023

  • The Quest for Low-Carbon Mobility

    Open Access•Laura Luisa Wannags, Stefan Gold•Organization & Environment•2022

  • The Past and Future of Corporate Sustainability Research

    Open Access•Vanessa C Burbano, Magali A Delmas et al.•Organization & Environment•2024

  • The Transition Value of Business Models for a Sustainable Energy System

    Open Access•Frederik Plewnia, Edeltraud Guenther•Organization & Environment•2021

  • Positive and Negative Affect and Employee Green Behavior

    Open Access•Maie Stein, Clara Kühner et al.•Organization & Environment•2026

  • La innovación en los modelos de negocio de las empresas B de América Latina

    Open Access•Martín Beaumont Frañowsky•Innovar•2023

  • Opening doors

    Open Access•Pham Quang Huy, Vu Kien Phuc•Acta Psychologica•2025

  • L’alignement stratégique de la RSE

    Mélinda Chéhimi, Gérald Naro•ACCRA•2024

  • Non‐implementation as a driver of circular economy evolution

    Open Access•Vladislav Valentinov, Felix Carl Schultz•Journal of Industrial Ecology•2025

  • The Epistemology of Entrepreneurial Responsible Orientation (ERO)

    Open Access•Muhammad Jawad Iqbal, Hafiz Muhammad Usman Khizar•SAGE Open•2022

  • The impact of green transformational leadership, green HRM, green innovation and organizational support on the sustainable business performance

    Open Access•Wei Zhao, Lihua Huang•Economic Research-Ekonomska…•2022

  • Business orientation and sustainable development

    Open Access•Hafiz Muhammad Usman Khizar, Muhammad Jawad Iqbal et al.•Sustainable Development•2021

  • The Sustainable Development Goals as new business norms

    Open Access•Tomomi Yamane, Satoru Kaneko et al.•Ecological Economics•2022

  • Multi-Stakeholder Collaborations

    Open Access•Betina Szkudlarek, Eun Su Lee et al.•International Migration Review•2026

  • Stakeholder Theory

    Open Access•Ralph E Freeman, Jeffrey S Harrison et al.•Stakeholder Theory•2010

  • Greening Goliaths versus emerging Davids — Theorizing about the role of incumbents and new entrants in sustainable entrepreneurship

    Open Access•Kai Hockerts, Rolf Wüstenhagen•Journal of Business Venturing•2010

  • Evolving sustainably

    Open Access•Pratima Bansal•Strategic Management Journal•2005

  • Trade‐offs in corporate sustainability

    Open Access•Thomas Hahn, Tobias Hahn et al.•Business Strategy and the…•2010

  • The Stakeholder Theory of the Corporation

    Tamsin Donaldson, Thomas Donaldson et al.•Academy of Management Review•1995

  • W(h)ither Ecology? The Triple Bottom Line, the Global Reporting Initiative, and Corporate Sustainability Reporting

    Open Access•Marjorie J Milne, Markus J Milne et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2013

  • Shifting Paradigms for Sustainable Development

    Thomas N Gladwin, John J Kennelly et al.•Academy of Management Review•1995

  • The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility

    Open Access•Archie B Carroll, Kareem M Shabana•International Journal of…•2010

  • Stakeholder influences on sustainability practices in the Canadian forest products industry

    Open Access•Sanjay Sharma, Irène Henriques•Strategic Management Journal•2005

  • Corporate Social Responsibility, Customer Satisfaction, and Market Value

    Open Access•Xueming Luo, C B Bhattacharya et al.•Journal of Marketing•2006

  • Concepts and Definitions of CSR and Corporate Sustainability

    Open Access•Marcel van Marrewijk•Journal of Business Ethics•2003

  • Business cases for sustainability

    Stefan Schaltegger, Florian Lüdeke-Freund et al.•International Journal of…•2012

  • Beyond the business case for corporate sustainability

    Open Access•Thomas Dyllick, Kai Hockerts•Business Strategy and the…•2002

  • Managing for stakeholders, stakeholder utility functions, and competitive advantage

    Open Access•Jeffrey S Harrison, Douglas A Bosse et al.•Strategic Management Journal•2010

  • Stakeholder Theory and “The Corporate Objective Revisited”

    Ralph E Freeman, Andrew C Wicks et al.•Organization Science•2004

  • Contesting the Value of “Creating Shared Value”

    Open Access•A Crane, Guido Palazzo et al.•California Management Review•2014

  • A safe operating space for humanity

    Open Access•Johan Rockström, Will Steffen et al.•Nature•2009

  • Toward Cognitive Plurality on Corporate Sustainability in Organizations

    Open Access•Thomas Hahn, Tobias Hahn et al.•Organization & Environment•2015

  • Isomorphism in Organization and Management Theory

    Open Access•Param Srikantia, Diana Bilimoria•Organization & Environment•1997

  • Applying Stakeholder Theory in Sustainability Management

    Open Access•Jacob Hörisch, Ralph E Freeman et al.•Organization & Environment•2014

  • Defining and Measuring Corporate Sustainability

    Open Access•Ivan Montiel, Javier Delgado-Ceballos et al.•Organization & Environment•2014

  • Business Models for Sustainability

    Open Access•Stefan Schaltegger, Florian Lüdeke-Freund et al.•Organization & Environment•2016

  • Getting to the Bottom of “Triple Bottom Line”

    Open Access•Wayne Norman, Chris MacDonald•Business Ethics Quarterly•2004

  • Does It Really Pay to Be Green? An Empirical Study of Firm Environmental and Financial Performance

    Open Access•Andrew A King, Michael J Lenox et al.•Journal of Industrial Ecology•2001

  • Does the Market Value Environmental Performance

    Shameek Konar, Mary Ann Cohen et al.•The Review of Economics and…•2001

  • Sustainability

    Open Access•Mark A White•Ecological Economics•2013

  • Environmental effects of sustainability management tools

    Open Access•Jacob Hörisch, Eduardo Ortas et al.•Ecological Economics•2015

  • Using sustainable developmentThe business case

    Open Access•Sally Eden, Sally E Eden•Global Environmental Change•1994

  • The role of corporate sustainability performance for economic performance

    Open Access•Marcus Wagner•Ecological Economics•2010

  • Fostering Multiscalar Collaboration and Co-operation for Effective Governance of Climate Change Adaptation

    Open Access•Hayley Leck, David Simon•Urban Studies•2013

  • The Nature of the Firm

    Open Access•Christine Meisner Rosen, Christine Sellers et al.•The Business History Review•1999

  • Should trees have managerial standing? Toward stakeholder status for non-human nature

    Open Access•Mark Starik•Journal of Business Ethics•1995

  • Corporate Social Responsibility Theories

    Open Access•Elisabet Garriga, Domènec Melé•Journal of Business Ethics•2004

  • The Primordial Stakeholder

    Open Access•Cathy Driscoll, Mark Starik•Journal of Business Ethics•2004

Unique citing works63
Citations per year7,88
Citation span2018 - 2026 (9)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 59

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae