Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

No hay ganancia en la milpa

The agrarian question, food sovereignty, and the on-farm conservation of agrobiodiversity in the Guatemalan highlands

Bibliographic Data

ID2158318
AuthorsRyan Isakson (0000-0002-4058-8887, Saint Mary's University, corresponding author), S Ryan Isakson
Year2009
Volume36
Issue4
Pages725-759
Publication date2009-10-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueThe Journal of Peasant Studies (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0306-6150 • E-ISSN: 1743-9361
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/03066150903353876
OpenAlexW2040130591
LanguageEN
Citations received94
References cited55

Although they receive little recognition for their contribution, peasant farmers in the global South play a fundamental role in securing the long-term global food supply. Via their self-sufficient agricultural practices, they cultivate the crop genetic diversity that enables food crops to adapt to changing environmental conditions. In this paper I draw upon empirical data from the Guatemalan center of agricultural biodiversity to investigate the concern that market expansion will displace peasant agriculture and undermine a cornerstone of the global food supply. I find that even though peasants' livelihoods involve multiple forms of market provisioning, they also engage in a Polanyian 'double movement' to protect their subsistence-oriented agricultural practices from the potentially deleterious effects of markets. I also investigate the so-called 'agrarian question' about the effects of market expansion on the viability of peasant agriculture, finding that although new forms of market provisioning are likely exacerbating rural inequality, the income from market activities actually enables rural Guatemalans to reproduce the conditions for peasant agriculture. Ultimately, I observe that the conservation of agricultural biodiversity and, consequently, global food security are contingent upon the 'food sovereignty' of peasant farmers

Agrarian society · Agricultural biodiversity · Agricultural economics · Agriculture · Business · Economics · Food security · Food sovereignty · Geography · Livelihood · Natural resource economics · Peasant · Political science · Subsistence agriculture · Agricultural Innovations and Practices · Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development · Global trade, sustainability, and social impact

  • Between Autonomy and Dependency

    Open Access•Daniel Ortiz Gallego•Journal of Agrarian Change•2026

  • Peasant coffee in the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve, Mexico

    Open Access•Anne Cristina De La Vega-Leinert, Ludger Brenner et al.•Elementa Science of the…•2016

  • Conserving Agrobiodiversity amid Global Change, Migration, and Nontraditional Livelihood Networks

    Open Access•K S Zimmerer•Conservation Ecology•2014

  • Toward a feminist political ecology of household food and water security during drought in northern Nicaragua

    Open Access•Christopher M Bacon, L C Kelley et al.•Conservation Ecology•2022

  • Increasing social-ecological resilience within small-scale agriculture in conflict-affected Guatemala

    Open Access•Jon Hellin, Blake D Ratner et al.•Conservation Ecology•2018

  • Smallholder telecoupling and potential sustainability

    Open Access•K S Zimmerer, Eric F Lambin et al.•Conservation Ecology•2018

  • Agroecología en la periferia

    Open Access•Nathan Einbinder, H Morales et al.•Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente•2021

  • Agroecologically efficient agricultural systems for smallholder farmers

    Open Access•M A Altieri, Fernando R Funes-Monzote et al.•Agronomy for Sustainable…•2012

  • Prácticas materiales de cuidado de la agrobiodiversidad como marco simbólico para la gobernanza ambiental en el sur de Tolima, Colombia

    Megan Dwyer Baumann•Estudios Críticos del Desarrollo•2021

  • ‘Biotechnologizing’ or ‘democratizing’

    Open Access•Carrie Seay Fleming•Canadian Food Studies / La Revue…•2022

  • Women’s plot-labor

    Open Access•Kirsten Francescone, Teresa A Velásquez•Dialectical Anthropology•2026

  • Exploring nutrient-sensitive landscape configurations for rural communities in southern Mexico

    Open Access•Ivan P Novotny, W A H Rossing et al.•Landscape and Urban Planning•2024

  • Food sovereignty among migrant farmworkers

    Open Access•Esteli Jimenez-Soto, Sanya Cowal et al.•Elementa Science of the…•2025

  • Violent conflict, capitalism and insurgent food sovereignty

    Anil Prakash Sharma, Yukari Sekine et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2026

  • Changes to Agricultural Decision Making and Food Procurement Strategies in Rural Paraguay

    Open Access•E Finnis, Clotilde Benítez et al.•Latin American Research Review•2012

  • Transcultural Development

    Bastian Thomsen, Olav Muurlink et al.•Human Organization•2020

  • Communitarian weavings

    Sara Mingorria•Latin American and Caribbean…•2021

  • Production, Consumption, and Culture of Upland Rice in Swiddens

    Open Access•Natsuho Fujisawa•Human Ecology•2019

  • Agricultural Biodiversity Maintenance in a Coastal Socio-Ecological System

    Open Access•Nicholas E Williams, Daniel B Kramer•Human Ecology•2019

  • The role of remittances and decentralization of forest management in the sustainability of a municipal-communal pine forest in eastern Guatemala

    Open Access•Curtis D Holder, Gregory Chase•Environment Development and…•2012

  • Sustainability evaluation of contrasting milpa systems in the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico

    Open Access•Carlos Ernesto González-Esquivel, Cecilia Briones-Guzmán et al.•Environment Development and…•2023

  • Maize Diversity, Market Access, and Poverty Reduction in the Western Highlands of Guatemala

    Open Access•Jon Hellin, Rachael Cox et al.•Mountain Research and Development•2017

  • More-than-human conservation, models from the pluriverse

    Open Access•Gina D’Alesandro•Global Social Challenges Journal•2024

  • One slowly loses everything”

    Open Access•Winston C Chester, Bhuiyan Monwar Alam et al.•World Development Perspectives•2016

  • Pathways to Agricultural Skill Development in the Indian Himalayas

    Open Access•Trent Brown•Journal of South Asian Development•2020

  • Climate change and the transgenic adaptation strategy

    Open Access•Kristin L Mercer, Hugo Perales et al.•Global Environmental Change•2012

  • Food system sustainability

    Open Access•Philip Mcmichael•Global Environmental Change•2011

  • Explaining the ‘hungry farmer paradox’

    Open Access•Christopher M Bacon, William A Sundstrom et al.•Global Environmental Change•2014

  • Rethinking Economic Practices and Values As Assemblages of More-Than-Human Relations

    Open Access•Stefan Ortiz‐przychodzka, Camila Benavides-Frías et al.•Ecological Economics•2023

  • Farm-level pathways to food security

    Open Access•Sidney Madsen•Agriculture and Human Values•2021

  • From rainforest to table

    Open Access•Lucía Pérez-Volkow, Stewart A W Diemont et al.•Agriculture and Human Values•2022

  • Human ecology and food discourses in a smallholder agricultural system in Leyte, The Philippines

    Open Access•Federico Davila•Agriculture and Human Values•2019

  • Identifying attributes of food system sustainability

    Open Access•Hallie Eakin, John P Casellas Connors et al.•Agriculture and Human Values•2016

  • Agroecology from the ground up

    Open Access•Nathan Einbinder, H Morales et al.•Agriculture and Human Values•2022

  • Feed the futureland

    Open Access•Carrie Seay‐fleming•Agriculture and Human Values•2023

  • Local dynamics of native maize value chains in a peri-urban zone in Mexico

    Open Access•Céline Boué, Santiago López‐ridaura et al.•Journal of Rural Studies•2018

  • Longitudinal analysis of household types and livelihood trajectories in Oaxaca, Mexico

    Open Access•Ivan P Novotny, Mariela H Fuentes-Ponce et al.•Journal of Rural Studies•2020

  • Effects of on-farm diversification strategies on smallholder coffee farmer food security and income sufficiency in Chiapas, Mexico

    Open Access•Janica Anderzén, Alejandra Guzmán Luna et al.•Journal of Rural Studies•2020

  • Farmer seed networks make a limited contribution to agriculture? Four common misconceptions

    Open Access•Oliver T Coomes, Shawn J Mcguire et al.•Food Policy•2015

  • Land struggles, livelihoods, and trajectories of agrarian change in the Polochic valley, Guatemala

    Lazar Konforti•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2024

  • Rural urbanisation and home gardening in southern Mexico

    Open Access•Jennifer Castañeda-Navarrete•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2022

  • Market Provisioning and the Conservation of Crop Biodiversity

    Open Access•Ryan Isakson, S Ryan Isakson•World Development•2011

  • Correlates of Maize Land and Livelihood Change Among Maize Farming Households in Mexico

    Open Access•Hallie Eakin, Kirsten Appendini et al.•World Development•2015

  • Beyond a generalized deagrarianization

    Open Access•Carlos Dobler-Morales, Matthew Lorenzen et al.•World Development•2022

  • Emociones, Semillas Nativas y Cambio Climático

    Open Access•Carol Hernández Rodríguez, Hugo Perales et al.•Estudios de Cultura Maya•2020

  • Securing the Return

    Open Access•Richard L Johnson, Murphy Woodhouse•Antipode•2018

  • Agrobiodiversity conservation with illegal-drug crops

    Open Access•Gabriel Tamariz•Geoforum•2020

  • Agrobiodiversity’s caring material practices as a symbolic frame for environmental governance in Colombia’s southern Tolima

    Open Access•Megan Dwyer Baumann•Geoforum•2021

  • Grounding maladaptation

    Open Access•Carlos Dobler-Morales, Alina Alvarez Larrain et al.•Geoforum•2021

  • Entanglements of agrobiodiversity-food amid cascading migration, coca conflicts, and water development (Bolivia, 1990–2013)

    Open Access•K S Zimmerer, Hector Luís Rojas Vaca et al.•Geoforum•2021

  • Assembling Nutrition‐sensitive Agriculture

    Open Access•Carrie Seay‐fleming•Development and Change•2025

  • Embodied political ecology

    Open Access•Eden Kinkaid•Geoforum•2019

  • Meeting peasants where they are

    Nicholas Copeland•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2018

  • Food Sovereignty

    Open Access•Hannah Wittman•Environment and Society•2011

  • Land access among immigrant Latinx workers and farmers in the United States

    Open Access•Laura-Anne Minkoff-Zern•Agriculture and Human Values•2025

  • From theChacrato theTienda

    Allison R Cantor, Isabella Chan et al.•Food and Foodways•2018

  • Agricultural and Dietary Meanings of Mandioca in Rural Paraguay

    E Finnis, Clotilde Benítez et al.•Food and Foodways•2013

  • The biodiversity of food and agriculture (Agrobiodiversity) in the anthropocene

    Open Access•K S Zimmerer, Stef De Haan et al.•Anthropocene•2019

  • Os sistemas agrícolas tradicionais nos interstícios da soja no Brasil

    Open Access•Ludivine Eloy, Cláudia De Souza et al.•Confins•2020

  • The Agrarian Question as an Ecological Question

    Open Access•Daniela García Grandón, Joana Salém Vasconcelos et al.•Latin American Perspectives•2024

  • Soberania alimentar

    Open Access•Henry Bernstein•Sociologias•2015

  • The challenges of measuring food security and sovereignty in the Yucatán Peninsula

    Hector Calix De Dios, Heather Putnam et al.•Development in Practice•2014

  • Selling Maize in Mexico

    Open Access•Hallie Eakin, Hugo Perales et al.•Development and Change•2014

  • Cultivating Engagements

    L Head, Natascha Klocker et al.•Annals of the American…•2019

  • Cultivating Climate Precarity

    Open Access•Ryan Isakson, S Ryan Isakson•Journal of Agrarian Change•2025

  • They go to the city, and sometimes they come back

    Open Access•E Finnis•Critique of Anthropology•2017

  • Where Have All the Peasants Gone

    Susana Narotzky•Annual Review of Anthropology•2016

  • Is Oil Palm Expansion a Challenge to Agroecology? Smallholders Practising Industrial Farming in Mexico

    Open Access•Antonio Castellanos‐navarrete, Kees Jansen•Journal of Agrarian Change•2018

  • Maize Diversity and the Political Economy of Agrarian Restructuring in Guatemala

    Open Access•Ryan Isakson, S Ryan Isakson•Journal of Agrarian Change•2014

  • Locating the Farmer

    Open Access•Hayden S Kantor•Anthropology of Work Review•2020

  • Resistance strategies and diversification of rural livelihoods

    Schneider, Sérgio Schneider et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2010

  • Linkages between international migration and agrarian extractivism in Guatemala

    Lindsey Carte, B Schmook et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2025

  • Another palm is possible

    Open Access•A Serrano•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2024

  • Insiders eating home-grown food', home gardens of Chinese smallholders, and hidden resistance in the food regime transition

    P Fang, Hui Ma et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2024

  • Life on the land

    Annie Shattuck, Jacobo Grajales et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2023

  • Politically engaged, pluralist and internationalist

    Open Access•Saturnino M Borras Jr, Saturnino M Borra et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2023

  • Seed sovereignty as decommodification

    Carol Hernández Rodríguez•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2023

  • Covid-19, lockdown and peasants in Zimbabwe

    T Tom•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2021

  • The moral economy of labour and resistance to commoditisation in the Matagalpa highlands of Nicaragua

    Santiago Ripoll•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2022

  • The political ecology of shaded coffee plantations

    Esteli Jimenez-Soto•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2021

  • Seed politics in Turkey

    Derya Nizam, Zafer Yenal•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2020

  • Repairing rifts or reproducing inequalities? Agroecology, food sovereignty, and gender justice in Malawi

    Rachel Bezner Kerr, Catherine M Hickey et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2019

  • Struggles for autonomyfromandwithinthe market of southeast Mexico's small coffee producers

    Thomas Paul Henderson•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2019

  • Land, development and contract farming on the Guatemalan oil palm frontier

    Anastasia Hervas•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2019

  • The labor of agrodiversity in a Moroccan oasis

    Karen Rignall, Karen E Rignall•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2016

  • Introduction

    Madeleine Fairbairn, Jonathan Fox et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2014

  • Life in a shrimp zone

    Kasia Paprocki, Jason Cons•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2014

  • A comment on Henry Bernstein's way with peasants, and food sovereignty

    Philip Mcmichael•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2015

  • Farmers, foodies and First Nations

    Annette Aurélie Desmarais, H Wittman•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2014

  • Food sovereignty via the 'peasant way

    Henry Bernstein•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2014

  • Seed struggles and food sovereignty in northern Malawi

    Rachel Bezner Kerr•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2013

  • Negotiating hybridity in highland Bolivia

    Marygold Walsh-Dilley, Marygold Walsh‐dilley•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2013

  • Los meses flacos

    Katlyn S Morris, Ernesto Mendez et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2013

  • The agroecological revolution in Latin America

    M A Altieri, M Toledo et al.•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2011

  • Latin American Peasants

    Tom Brass•Latin American Peasants•2004

  • Household and Class Relations

    Carmen Diana Deere•Household and Class Relations•2023

  • Remittances and Poverty in Guatemala

    Richard H Adams, Richard H Jr Adams•2004

  • The Agrarian Question and Reformism in Latin America

    Alain De Janvry•The agrarian question and…•1981

  • America's First Cuisines

    Sophie D Coe•America's First Cuisines•1994

  • Food Sovereignty

    Michael Windfuhr, Jennie Jonsén•Food Sovereignty•2005

  • Farmers' Bounty

    B Brush, Stephen B Brush•Farmers' Bounty•2004

  • Disappearing Peasantries?

    Cristobal Kay, Deborah Bryceson et al.•Disappearing Peasantries?•2000

  • Maize diversity and ethnolinguistic diversity in Chiapas, Mexico

    Open Access•Hugo Perales, Hugo R Perales et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2005

  • Cash Crop Production, Food Price Volatility, and Rural Market Integration in the Third World

    Open Access•Marcel Fafchamps•American Journal of Agricultural…•1992

  • Peasants and Globalization

    A Haroon Akram-Lodhi, Cristobal Kay•Peasants and Globalization•2012

  • Reconceptualizing the Peasantry

    M Kearney•Reconceptualizing the Peasantry•2018

  • The theory of the optimising peasant 1

    Michael Lipion•The Journal of Development Studies•1968

  • V.I. Lenin and A.V. Chayanov

    Henry Bernstein•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2009

  • Poverty in Guatemala

    World Bank•Poverty in Guatemala•2003

  • God and Production in a Guatemalan Town

    Sheldon Annis•God and Production in a…•1988

  • Development as Freedom

    Open Access•Alan M Rugman, Amartya Sen•Rugman reviews international…•2009

  • Sustainable rural development in Latin America

    Open Access•M A Altieri, Omar Masera•Ecological Economics•1993

  • Transgressing rights

    Rajeev Patel, Radhika Balakrishnan et al.•Feminist Economics•2007

  • Rural Nonfarm Employment and Incomes in Latin America

    Open Access•Thomas Reardon, Julio A Berdegué et al.•World Development•2001

  • Capitals and Capabilities

    Open Access•Anthony J Bebbington, Anthony Bebbington•World Development•1999

  • The peasant economy

    Alexander Schejtman•CEPAL review•1980

  • Informalization

    Richard Lachmann, Faruk Tabak et al.•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•2002

  • Peasant Household Behaviour with Missing Markets

    Alain De Janvry, Marcel Fafchamps et al.•The Economic Journal•1991

  • Landraces of Maize in Central Mexico

    Open Access•Hugo Perales, Hugo Perales R et al.•Economic Botany•2003

  • A Regional analysis of Maize Biological Diversity in Southeastern Guanajuato, MéXico

    Open Access•José Alfonso Aguirre Gómez, M R Bellon et al.•Economic Botany•2000

  • The dynamics of crop infraspecific diversity

    Open Access•M R Bellon•Economic Botany•1996

  • Latin American peasants - new paradigms for old

    Tom Bra, Tom Brass•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2002

  • Building a Future for Rural Mexico

    Open Access•D Barkin•Latin American Perspectives•2006

  • Maize Diversity, Variety Attributes, and Farmers' Choices in Southeastern Guanajuato, Mexico

    Melinda Smale, M R Bellon et al.•Economic Development and Cultural…•2001

  • Machine Age Maya. The Industrialization of a Guatemalan Community

    Sylvester A Sieber, Manning Nash•The American Catholic Sociological…•1958

  • Reflections on Latin American Rural Studies in the Neoliberal Globalization Period

    Open Access•C Kay•Development and Change•2008

  • Machine Age Maya

    William Foote Whyte, Manning Nash•Industrial and Labor Relations…•1959

  • Machine Age Maya

    Joseph A Kahl, Manning Nash•American Sociological Review•1959

  • Household and Class Relations

    C D Deere, William Roseberry•Household and Class Relations•1990

  • The Economic Development of Guatemala

    Sanford A Mosk•Hispanic American Historical Review•1952

  • We Come to Object

    George A Collier, Arturo Warman et al.•Man•1982

  • Food sovereignty

    Raj Patel•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2009

  • Livelihoods perspectives and rural development

    I Scoones•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2009

  • Engendering the political economy of agrarian change

    Shahra Razavi•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2009

  • Constructing Livelihoods in Rural Mexico

    Annabel De Frece, Nigel Poole•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2008

  • The Reconstruction of a Modern Mexican Peasantry

    D Barkin•The Journal of Peasant Studies•2002

Unique citing works94
Citations per year5,88
Citation span2010 - 2026 (17)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 87

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae