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Empathy & Literature

Bibliographic Data

ID21790102
AuthorsAlison Denham (0000-0003-1073-9338, University of Oxford, corresponding author)
Year2024
Volume16
Issue2
Pages84-95
Publication date2024-04-01
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEmotion Review (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1754-0739 • E-ISSN: 1754-0747
PublisherSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/17540739241233601
OpenAlexW4393051115
LanguageEN
Citations received3
References cited68

There is a long tradition in philosophy and literary theory defending the view that engagement with literature promotes readers’ empathy. Until the last century, few of the empirical claims adduced in that tradition were investigated experimentally. Recent work in psychology and neuropsychology has now shed new light on the interplay of empathy and literature. This article surveys the experimental findings, addressing three central questions: What is it to read empathically? Does reading make us more empathic? What characteristics of literature, if any, affect readers’ empathy? While experimental studies have delivered no conclusive answers to these questions, it has exposed their psychological complexity and constructed a more nuanced picture of the diverse ways in which literature interacts with our empathic capacities

Empathy · Film in Education and Therapy · Media Influence and Health · Media, Gender, and Advertising · Psychology · Social Psychology

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    Open Access•M Appel, Juliane J Gabel et al.•Human Communication Research•2025

  • Reading beyond language

    Open Access•Katarína Devečková•East European Journal of…•2026

  • What Makes Readers Love a Fiction Book

    Open Access•Minh-Hoang Nguyen, Minh‐Hoang Nguyen et al.•SAGE Open•2025

  • Lost in a Book

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  • The Moral Laboratory

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  • Empathy and the Novel

    Suzanne Keen•Empathy and the novel•2007

  • Social Cognition

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  • Cognitive Empathy and Emotional Empathy in Human Behavior and Evolution

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  • The Transportation Scale–Short Form (TS–SF)

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  • Emotion and narrative fiction

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  • Reading Literary Fiction Improves Theory of Mind

    Open Access•David Kidd, David Comer Kidd et al.•Science•2013

  • Measuring Narrative Engagement

    Rick W Busselle, Rick Busselle et al.•Media Psychology•2009

  • Effects of Literature on Empathy and Self-Reflection

    Eva Maria Koopman, Frank Hakemulder•Journal of Literary Theory•2015

  • Transportation into a story increases empathy, prosocial behavior, and perceptual bias toward fearful expressions

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  • Empathy-induced altruistic motivation.

    Christie D Batson•Prosocial motives, emotions, and…•2010

  • Fiction reading has a small positive impact on social cognition

    David Dodell‐Feder, Diana Tamir et al.•Journal of Experimental…•2018

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    Open Access•P Matthijs Bal, Martijn Veltkamp et al.•PLoS ONE•2013

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    Raymond A Mar, Keith Oatley et al.•comm•2009

  • Fiction

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  • The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” Test Revised Version

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  • The empathic brain

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  • Fiction and morality

    J Black, Jennifer L Barnes et al.•Psychology of Popular Media•2021

  • Reading Literary Fiction and Theory of Mind

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  • Presence in the reading of literary narrative

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  • Foregrounding, defamiliarization, and affect

    Open Access•David S Miall, Don Kuiken•Poetics•1994

  • Does reading a single passage of literary fiction really improve theory of mind? An attempt at replication

    Maria Eugenia Panero, Deena Skolnick Weisberg et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2016

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  • How Stories Make Us Feel

    Open Access•Vittorio Gallese, Hannah Chapelle Wojciehowski•California Italian Studies•2011

  • How Does Leisure Reading Affect Social Cognitive Abilities

    Micah L Mumper, Richard J Gerrig•Poetics Today•2019

  • The effects of reading material on social and non-social cognition

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  • The Dark Side of Empathy

    Open Access•N Bubandt, Rane Willerslev•Comparative Studies in Society…•2015

Citations per year3
Citation span2025 - 2026 (2)
Highly citedNo

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