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Decrease of L1–L2 assimilation and its prediction on L2 discrimination

Perception of English coronal fricatives by Mandarin speakers

Bibliographic Data

ID22411501
AuthorsYuxiao Yang (0000-0003-2657-8436, Foreign Studies College, Hunan Normal University , 36 Lushan Road , Yuelu District , Changsha , China), Fan Yang (0000-0003-2978-7102, Foreign Studies College, Hunan Normal University , 36 Lushan Road , Yuelu District , Changsha , China), Fan Nils Yang (0000-0003-2565-6594, Hunan Normal University), David A Porter (0000-0001-8436-6904, Foreign Studies College, Hunan Normal University , 36 Lushan Road , Yuelu District , Changsha , China), Jiaqiang Zhu (0009-0004-8748-0314, Research Centre for Language, Cognition, and Neuroscience , Department of Language Science and Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR , China)
Year2026
Volume83
Issue1
Pages19-46
Publication date2026-02-24
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePhonetica (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0031-8388 • E-ISSN: 1423-0321
PublisherWalter de Gruyter GmbH (PUBLISHER • DE)
DOI10.1515/phon-2025-0029
PMID41556434
OpenAlexW7124998987
LanguageEN
References cited41

This study examined the perceptual assimilation and discrimination of English coronal fricatives /s, z, θ, ð/ by Mandarin speakers. The focus was on the effect of L2 experience on L1–L2 assimilation and the validity between assimilation patterns and assimilation overlaps in predicting L2 discrimination. The perceptual assimilation task showed that the more experienced group demonstrated weaker L1–L2 assimilation, corroborating the Revised Speech Learning Model (Flege, J. E. & O.-S. Bohn. 2021. The revised speech learning model. In R. Wayland (ed.), Second language speech learning: Theoretical and empirical progress , 3–83. Cambridge University Press). For the discrimination test, both more and less experienced groups performed comparably with moderate accuracy for the place contrasts /s–θ/ and /z–ð/ (assimilated as “Category-goodness”) and higher accuracy for the voice contrasts /s–z/ and /θ–ð/ (assimilated as “Two-category”). These results lent support to the predictions made by the Perceptual Assimilation Model-L2 (Best, C. T. & M. D. Tyler. 2007. Nonnative and second-language speech perception: Commonalities and complementarities. In O.-S. Bohn & M. J. Munro (eds.) Language learning & language teaching , vol. 17, 13–34. John Benjamins Publishing Company) based on the assimilation patterns (no group difference) rather than the assimilation overlaps (group difference). The current study suggested that the perceived L1–L2 similarities may decrease with the growth of L2 experience, and the place contrasts /s–θ/, /z–ð/ could render more challenges than the voice contrasts /s–z/, /θ–ð/ for Mandarin speakers. Theoretical implications were brought out through comparing controversial assimilation measurements and the effect of L2 experience on cross-language perception.

Assimilation (phonology) · Language acquisition · Mandarin Chinese · Perception · Second language · Speech perception · EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning · Linguistic Variation and Morphology · Phonetics and Phonology Research

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