The Basic Emotional Impact of Environments

Bibliographic Data

ID23345902
AuthorsAlbert Mehrabian (University of California, Los Angeles), James A Russell (0000-0003-1041-3717, University of California, Los Angeles)
Year1974
Volume38
Issue1
Pages283-301
Publication date1974-02-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePerceptual and Motor Skills (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0031-5125 • E-ISSN: 1558-688X
PublisherSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.2466/pms.1974.38.1.283
PMID4815507
OpenAlexW2126164224
LanguageEN
Citations received81
References cited43

Available literature provides ample evidence that there are basic responses which are elicited by stimuli but which are independent of sense-modality distinctions. Everyday observations of intermodality associations, studies of synesthesia and of physiological reactions to different stimuli, and semantic differential studies all showed evidence of such primary responses. Semantic differential studies, in particular, have shown that human judgments of diverse samples of stimuli can be characterized in terms of three dimensions: evaluation, activity, and potency. We have termed the corresponding emotional responses pleasure, arousal, and dominance. Simple self-report measures of these emotional reactions were developed by using questionnaire studies in which Ss described a variety of situations using semantic-differential type scales.

Arousal · Cognitive psychology · Developmental psychology · Differential effects · Dominance (genetics) · Pleasure · Semantic differential · Face Recognition and Perception · Multisensory perception and integration · Neuroscience · Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies · Psychology · Social Psychology

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