The Impact of Racism on Clinician Cognition, Behavior, and Clinical Decision Making
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 24315799 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Michelle Van Ryn (0000-0002-4258-7319), Diana J Burgess, John F Dovidio (0000-0002-6110-8344), Sean M Phelan (0000-0003-2091-6297), Somnath Saha (0000-0001-5027-8295), Jennifer Malat (0000-0003-3593-7277), Joan M Griffin (0000-0001-8120-3229), Steven S Fu (0000-0002-2246-9825), Sylvia Perry |
| Year | 2011 |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 199-218 |
| Publication date | 2011-01-01 |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Du Bois Review Social Science Research on Race (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1742-058X • E-ISSN: 1742-0598 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s1742058x11000191 |
| PMID | 24761152 |
| PMCID | PMC3993983 |
| OpenAlex | W2166878213 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 94 |
| References cited | 71 |
Over the past two decades, thousands of studies have demonstrated that Blacks receive lower quality medical care than Whites, independent of disease status, setting, insurance, and other clinically relevant factors. Despite this, there has been little progress towards eradicating these inequities. Almost a decade ago we proposed a conceptual model identifying mechanisms through which clinicians' behavior, cognition, and decision making might be influenced by implicit racial biases and explicit racial stereotypes, and thereby contribute to racial inequities in care. Empirical evidence has supported many of these hypothesized mechanisms, demonstrating that White medical care clinicians: (1) hold negative implicit racial biases and explicit racial stereotypes, (2) have implicit racial biases that persist independently of and in contrast to their explicit (conscious) racial attitudes, and (3) can be influenced by racial bias in their clinical decision making and behavior during encounters with Black patients. This paper applies evidence from several disciplines to further specify our original model and elaborate on the ways racism can interact with cognitive biases to affect clinicians' behavior and decisions and in turn, patient behavior and decisions. We then highlight avenues for intervention and make specific recommendations to medical care and grant-making organizations.
bias interventions · Black patients · Clinical decision making · implicit racial bias · patient behavior · racial disparities in health care · Racism · Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social and Intergroup Psychology
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Physicians’ Implicit and Explicit Attitudes About Race by MD Race, Ethnicity, and Gender
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Social dominance orientation
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Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test
Critical race theory
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Empathy and attitudes
The active control of prejudice
Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans
Intergroup bias
Perspective-taking
Stereotype Threat and Women's Math Performance
Relations among the Implicit Association Test, Discriminatory Behavior, and Explicit Measures of Racial Attitudes
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| Citations per year | 6.27 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2011 - 2026 (16) |
| Highly cited | No |