Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

The partnership context of first parenthood - and how it varies by parental class and birth cohort in the United Kingdom

Bibliographic Data

ID3018845
AuthorsAlessandro Di Nallo (0000-0002-4272-9233, corresponding author)
Year2025
Volume53
Pages465-510
Publication date2025-09-10
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueDemographic Research (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1435-9871 • E-ISSN: 2363-7064
PublisherMax Planck Institute for Demographic Research (PUBLISHER • DE)
DOI10.4054/demres.2025.53.16
OpenAlexW4414141909
LanguageEN
Citations received1
References cited126

BACKGROUNDFamily background strongly shapes when and how people have their first child, with potential consequences for inequality.In the United Kingdom, non-marital births have risen, yet little is known about how parental class drives these patterns. OBJECTIVEThis study investigates how parental occupational class influences first-time parenthood within marriage or cohabitation, or outside any union.It further examines changes in these relationships across birth cohorts from 1940 to 1990

Cohabitation · Cohort · Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study · General partnership · Inequality · Life course approach · Longitudinal study · Social class · Socioeconomic status · Family Dynamics and Relationships · Family Support in Illness · Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving

  • The partnership context of first parenthood - and how it varies by parental class and birth cohort in the United Kingdom

    Open Access•Alessandro Di Nallo•Demographic Research•2025

  • Growing up with a single parent

    Gary Sandefur, Gary Sandefur Sarah McLanahan et al.•Growing up with a single parent•1994

  • Redrawing the Class Map

    Open Access•Daniel Oesch•Redrawing the Class Map•2006

  • Six Paths to Adulthood

    D Wayne Osgood, Gretchen Ruth et al.•On the Frontier of Adulthood•2005

  • Towards a new pattern of transition to adulthood?

    Open Access•Francesco C Billari, Aart C Liefbroer•Advances in Life Course Research•2010

  • Human Capital

    Gary Stanley Becker•Human capital•1993

  • Chapter Five. The Economic Basis of Social Class

    John H Goldthorpe, Abigail McKnight•Mobility and Inequality•2006

  • British Youth Transitions in Comparative Perspective

    John Bynner•Journal of Youth Studies•2001

  • The Second Demographic Transition Theory

    Batool Zaidi, S Philip Morgan•Annual Review of Sociology•2017

  • Having a child within a cohabiting union in Europe and North America

    Open Access•Judith C Koops, Aart C Liefbroer et al.•Population Space and Place•2021

  • Why are marriage and family formation increasingly disconnected across Europe? A multilevel perspective on existing theories

    Open Access•Trude Lappegård, Sebastian Klüsener et al.•Population Space and Place•2017

  • The Role of Identity Capital in the Transition to Adulthood

    James E Côté•Journal of Youth Studies•2002

  • Changes in the transition to adulthood in the UK and Canada

    James E Côté, John Bynner et al.•Journal of Youth Studies•2008

  • Rethinking the Youth Phase of the Life-course

    John Bynner•Journal of Youth Studies•2005

  • The rise of cohabitation and childbearing outside marriage in western Europe

    Kathleen Kiernan•International Journal of Law…•2001

  • Family-Level Continuities in Childbearing in Low-Fertility Societies

    Open Access•Michael Murphy, Duolao Wang•European Journal of Population /…•2001

  • How Similar are Cohabiting and Married Parents? Second Conception Risks by Union Type in the United States and Across Europe

    Open Access•B Perelli-Harris•European Journal of Population /…•2014

  • The Influence of Men’s Income and Employment on Marriage and Cohabitation

    Open Access•M Kalmijn•European Journal of Population /…•2011

  • Social Background and Becoming a Parent in Sweden

    Open Access•Johan Dahlberg•European Journal of Population /…•2015

  • Gender Differences in the Transition to Adulthood in France

    Open Access•Maria Winkler-Dworak, Laurent Toulemon•European Journal of Population /…•2007

  • The Influence of Parental Educational Attainment on the Partnership Context at First Birth in 16 Western Societies

    Open Access•Judith C Koops, Aart C Liefbroer et al.•European Journal of Population /…•2017

  • De-standardization of Family-Life Trajectories of Young Adults

    Open Access•Cees H Elzinga, Aart C Liefbroer•European Journal of Population /…•2007

  • Socio-Economic Differences in the Prevalence of Single Motherhood in North America and Europe

    Open Access•Judith C Koops, Aart C Liefbroer et al.•European Journal of Population /…•2021

  • Teenage Cohabitation, Marriage, and Childbearing

    Open Access•W D Manning, Jessica Cohen et al.•Population Research and Policy…•2015

  • Education, income, and occupational class cannot be used interchangeably in social epidemiology. Empirical evidence against a common practice

    Siegfried Geyer, Orjan Hemstrom et al.•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2006

  • The Influence of Parental Education on Timing and Type of Union Formation

    Open Access•Jarl E Mooyaart, Aart C Liefbroer•Demography•2016

  • Family structure, intergenerational mobility, and the reproduction of poverty

    Open Access•Kelly Musick, Robert D Mare•Demography•2004

  • Entry into marriage and parenthood by young men and women

    Open Access•Robert T Michael, Nancy Brandon Tuma•Demography•1985

  • Family Trajectories Across Time and Space

    Open Access•Z Van Winkle•Demography•2018

  • Redefining Single-Parent Families

    Open Access•Larry L Bumpass, R Kelly Raley•Demography•1995

  • Examining the Antecedents of U.S. Nonmarital Fatherhood

    Open Access•Marcia J Carlson, Alicia G Vanorman et al.•Demography•2013

  • Family structure and the transition to early parenthood

    Open Access•Sandra L Hofferth, Frances Goldscheider•Demography•2010

  • Incomplete reporting of men’s fertility in the united states and britain

    Open Access•M S Rendall, Lynda Clarke et al.•Demography•1999

  • Coparenting and nonresident fathers’ involvement with young children after a nonmarital birth

    Open Access•Marcia J Carlson, Mclanahan et al.•Demography•2008

  • Nonmarital Childbearing in Russia

    Open Access•B Perelli-Harris, T P Gerber•Demography•2011

  • The Variable Effects of Family Background on the Timing of First Marriage

    Open Access•J South, Scott J South•Social Science Research•2001

  • What Kids Get from Parents

    Marcia J Carlson, Lawrence M Berger•Social Service Review•2013

  • Partnership Patterns in the United States and across Europe

    B Perelli-Harris, Mark Lyons-Amos•Social Forces•2016

  • Family influences on adolescent sexual and contraceptive behavior

    Brent C Miller•The Journal of Sex Research•2002

  • A Theory of Out‐of‐Wedlock Childbearing

    Robert J Willis•Journal of Political Economy•1999

  • Fragile Families and the Reproduction of Poverty

    Open Access•Mclanahan, Sara Mclanahan•The Annals of the American…•2009

  • How Similar Are Cohabitation and Marriage? Legal Approaches to Cohabitation across Western Europe

    Open Access•B Perelli-Harris, Brienna Perelli‐harri et al.•Population and Development Review•2012

  • The Educational Gradient of Childbearing within Cohabitation in Europe

    Open Access•B Perelli-Harris, Brienna Perelli‐harri et al.•Population and Development Review•2010

  • Changes in union status during the transition to parenthood in eleven European countries, 1970s to early 2000s

    B Perelli-Harris, Michaela Kreyenfeld et al.•Population Studies•2012

  • The changing relationship between socio-economic background and family formation in four European countries

    Open Access•Jarl E Mooyaart, Aart C Liefbroer et al.•Population Studies•2022

  • Unmarried Cohabitation and Parenthood in Britain and Europe

    Open Access•Kathleen Kiernan•Law & Policy•2004

  • Navigating the “New” Marriage Market

    Open Access•Frances Goldscheider, Gayle Kaufman et al.•Journal of Family Issues•2009

  • Grasping the Diversity of Cohabitation

    Open Access•Nicole Hiekel, Teresa Castro Martins et al.•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2014

  • Social Disparities in Destandardization—Changing Family Life Course Patterns in Seven European Countries

    Okka Zimmermann, Dirk Konietzka•European Sociological Review•2018

  • Parental Socio-Economic Status and First Union Formation

    Open Access•M D Bron, Aart C Liefbroer et al.•European Sociological Review•2017

  • The role of education in the intersection of partnership transitions and motherhood in Europe and the United States

    Open Access•Júlia Mikolai, Ann Berrington et al.•Demographic Research•2018

  • The timing of marriage vis-à-vis coresidence and childbearing in Europe and the United States

    Open Access•Jennifer A Holland•Demographic Research•2017

  • Is single parenthood increasingly an experience of less-educated mothers? A European comparison over five decades

    Open Access•Caroline Berghammer, Anna Matysiak et al.•Demographic Research•2024

  • The American occupational structure

    Peter Michael Blau•The American occupational structure•1978

  • A Decline in the Social Status of the Working Class? Conflicting Evidence for 8 Western Countries, 1987–2017

    Open Access•Daniel Oesch, Nathalie Vigna•Comparative Political Studies•2022

  • Social Change and Transitions to Adulthood in Historical Perspective

    Open Access•John Modell, F F Furstenberg et al.•Journal of Family History•1976

  • Explaining Educational Differentials

    Open Access•R Breen, John H Goldthorpe•Rationality and Society•1997

  • Diverging destinies

    Open Access•Mclanahan, Sara Mclanahan•Demography•2004

  • Effects of Family Instability, Income, and Income Instability on the Risk of a Premarital Birth

    Lawrence L Wu, Lawrence Wu•American Sociological Review•1996

  • How Much Does Childhood Poverty Affect the Life Chances of Children

    Greg J Duncan, W J J Yeung et al.•American Sociological Review•1998

  • Cohabitation

    Ronald R Rindfu, Ronald R Rindfuss et al.•Population and Development Review•1990

  • The recent decline in period fertility in England and Wales

    Open Access•John Ermisch•Population Studies•2024

  • Family Policies in OECD Countries

    Open Access•Olivier Thévenon•Population and Development Review•2011

  • Mothers, Children, and Cohabitation

    William G Axinn, Arland Thornton•American Sociological Review•1993

  • Family Structure and the Risk of a Premarital Birth

    Lawrence L Wu, Lawrence Wu et al.•American Sociological Review•1993

  • Intergenerational transmission of age at first birth in the Netherlands for birth cohorts born between 1935 and 1984

    Liesbeth Steenhof, Aart C Liefbroer•Population Studies•2008

  • Class and Status

    Open Access•Tak Wing Chan, John H Goldthorpe•American Sociological Review•2007

  • Uncertain steps into adulthood

    Open Access•Luigi Palumbo, Ann Berrington et al.•Population Studies•2023

  • Parental divorce and partnership dissolution in adulthood

    Kathleen E Kiernan, Kathleen Kiernan et al.•Population Studies•1999

  • The evolution of cohabitation in Britain, 1960-95

    Michael Murhpy•Population Studies•2000

  • Parental Divorce during Childhood

    Kathleen E Kiernan, Kathleen Kiernan et al.•Population Studies•1997

  • The relationship between work history and partnership formation in cohorts of British men born in 1958 and 1970

    E Bukodi•Population Studies•2012

  • The Unfolding Story of the Second Demographic Transition

    Open Access•Ron Lesthaeghe•Population and Development Review•2010

  • Cultural Dynamics and Economic Theories of Fertility Change

    Ron Lesthaeghe, Johan Surkyn•Population and Development Review•1988

  • Shifting Childrearing to Single Mothers

    Open Access•Patrick Heuveline, J M Timberlake et al.•Population and Development Review•2003

  • Education and Cohabitation in Britain

    Open Access•Máire Ní Bhrolcháin, Éva Beaujouan•Population and Development Review•2013

  • Women's Rising Employment and the Future of the Family in Industrial Societies

    Valerie Kincade Oppenheimer•Population and Development Review•1994

  • Children's Prospects and Children's Policy

    Open Access•Robert Haveman, Betsy Wolfe et al.•The Journal of Economic…•1993

  • Lone Motherhood and Socio-Economic Disadvantage

    Open Access•Karen Rowlingson, Stephen Mckay et al.•The Sociological Review•2005

  • The partnership context of first parenthood - and how it varies by parental class and birth cohort in the United Kingdom

    Open Access•Alessandro Di Nallo•Demographic Research•2025

  • Does waiting pay off for couples? Partnership duration prior to household formation and union stability

    Open Access•Christine Schnor•Demographic Research•2015

  • Commitment and the changing sequence of cohabitation, childbearing, and marriage

    Open Access•Ann Berrington, B Perelli-Harris et al.•Demographic Research•2015

  • Cohort fertility patterns in the Nordic countries

    Open Access•Gunnar Andersson, Marit Rønsen et al.•Demographic Research•2009

  • The timing and partnership context of becoming a parent

    Open Access•John Hobcraft•Demographic Research•2008

  • England and Wales

    Open Access•Wendy Sigle•Demographic Research•2008

  • The transition to early fatherhood

    Open Access•Kathryn Hynes, Kara Joyner et al.•Demographic Research•2008

  • Parental Cohabitation and Children's Economic Well-Being

    W D Manning, D T Lichter•Journal of Marriage and the Family•1996

  • Intergenerational Influences on the Entry into Parenthood

    J S Barber•Social Forces•2000

  • From Living Apart to Living Together

    Open Access•Roselinde Van Der Wiel, Clara H Mulder et al.•Comparative Population Studies•2020

  • Living Apart Together and Cohabitation Intentions in Great Britain

    Open Access•Rory Coulter, Yang Hu•Journal of Family Issues•2017

  • Revisiting Jane Austen's Theory of Marriage Timing

    Open Access•Sassler, Sharon Sassler et al.•Journal of Family Issues•2004

  • Social Class of Men, Women and Families

    Open Access•Robert S Erikson, Robert Erikson•Sociology•1984

  • Individual or Family? Results from Two Approaches to Class Assignment

    Open Access•Robert S Erikson, Robert Erikson et al.•Acta Sociologica•1992

  • Family Structure and the Reproduction of Inequalities

    Mclanahan, Sara Mclanahan et al.•Annual Review of Sociology•2008

  • Inequality of Opportunity in Comparative Perspective

    R Breen, Jan O Jonsson•Annual Review of Sociology•2005

  • Cognitive Skills and Noncognitive Traits and Behaviors in Stratification Processes

    George Farkas•Annual Review of Sociology•2003

  • Intermarriage and Homogamy

    M Kalmijn•Annual Review of Sociology•1998

  • Family Instability and the Transition to Adulthood

    Open Access•P Fomby, Stacey J Bosick•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2013

  • Precursors of Young Women's Family Formation Pathways

    Open Access•Paul R Amato, Nancy S Landale et al.•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2008

  • Promises They Can Keep

    Open Access•Andrew J Cherlin, Andrew Cherlin et al.•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2008

  • Timing Preferences for Women's Family-Life Transitions

    Open Access•Helga A G De Valk, Aart C Liefbroer•Journal of Marriage and the Family•2007

Unique citing works1
Citations per year1
Citation span2025 - 2025 (1)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 1

Tools

Open DOIOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae