Malapportionment, Gerrymandering, and Party Fortunes in Congressional Elections
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 3375424 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Robert S Erikson (0000-0003-1693-4839, Florida State University, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1972 |
| Volume | 66 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 1234-1245 |
| Publication date | 1972-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Political Science Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0003-0554 • E-ISSN: 1537-5943 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.2307/1957176 |
| OpenAlex | W2146018788 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 127 |
| References cited | 5 |
This paper explores the relationship between the partisan division of the northern vote in U.S. House elections and the partisan division of northern House seats. From at least 1952 through 1964, there was a noticeable pro-Republican bias to northern districting, in the sense that the Republicans consistently won about ten per cent more of the seats than the Democrats could obtain from the same percentage of the vote. Following the 1964 election, this partisan inequity has disappeared, but the evidence suggests that this change is only temporary. The normal pattern of a Republican advantage in northern House elections is produced by a Republican gerrymander of accidental origins: the tendency of Democratic voters to cluster in heavily Democratic areas where their votes for Congress go "wasted." Neither malapportionment nor deliberate partisan gerrymandering appears to have played a major role in distorting the outcomes of House elections
Democracy · Economics · Gerrymandering · House of Representatives · Lower house · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Redistricting · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Law
Durable majority gerrymanders
Voting without ideology. Evidence from Spain (1979-2008)
The Incumbency Advantage in U.S. Elections
Redistricting, Candidate Entry, and the Politics of Nineteenth‐Century U.S. House Elections
Unintentional Gerrymandering
Ideological Extremists in the U.S. Congress
Technology transformation and changing demographic patterns
Power and the Vote
Ein übertragbarer Amtsinhaber-Bonus bei Kommunalwahlen
Measuring the ?personal vote? of members of Congress
Win, lose, or withdraw
A "Permanent" Republican House? Patterns of Voter Performance and the Persistence of House Control
The Limits of Partisan Gerrymandering
Electoral Ergonomics
Gerrymandering or geography? How Democrats won the popular vote but lost the Congress in 2012
Using tax dollars for re-election
Affirmative Districting and Four Decades of Redistricting
Using Regression Discontinuity to Uncover the Personal Incumbency Advantage
Do Quality Candidates and Incumbents Still Matter in the Partisan World? Comparing Trends and Relationship Between Candidate Differentials and Congressional Election Outcomes, 1900–2022
Freshman Republicans and the 1996 Election
Fighting fire with fire
New Lines, New Districts, New Representation
Tempus Edax Rerum
Institutional sources of policy bias
Electoral equilibria with restricted strategies
The disadvantaged incumbents
A test of the revealed-preference phenomenon in congressional elections
Looking beyond reelection
Detecting Florida's Gerrymander
Partisan Gerrymandering and the Voting Rights Act
Redistricting principles and incumbency protection in the U.S. Congress
A regression discontinuity design analysis of the incumbency advantage and tenure in the U.S. House
Reassessing the Decline of Presidential Coattails
Party Control and Perverse Effects in Majority-Minority Districting
Do Redistricting Principles and Practices Affect U.S. State Legislative Electoral Competition
A Gendered Pipeline? The Advancement of State Legislators to Congress in Five States
What They Do Does Matter
Candidates' Policy Positions and Voting in U. S. Congressional Elections
Predicting Partisan Redistricting Disputes
Electoral Patterns and Voting Alignments in the U. S. House, 1886-1986
Responsiveness and Legislative Elections
Spatial Distribution of Partisan Support and the Seats/Votes Relationship
Results of Partisan Redistricting in Seven U. S. States during the 1970s
Using Computer Simulations to Measure the Effect of Gerrymandering on Electoral Competition in the U.S. Congress
Pruning Thorns from the Thicket
The Impersonal Vote? Constituency Service and Incumbency Advantage in British Elections, 1950-92
One-Party Dominance in Legislatures
Rail Liquor
Evaluating partisan gains from Congressional gerrymandering
Tempus Fugit, Incumbency Stays
Generational Replacement and the Growth of Incumbent Reelection Margins in the U.S. House
The Constituency Service Basis of the Personal Vote for U.S. Representatives and British Members of Parliament
The Marginals Never Vanished
Why Did the Incumbency Advantage in U.S. House Elections Grow
Partisan Redistricting and the 1982 Congressional Elections
Racial Crossover Voting and the Election of Black Officials
The Effect of the AFL-CIO's "Voter Education" Campaigns on the 1996 House Elections
Trading Security for Seats
The Burden of Election Logistics
Party Control and Partisan Bias in 1980s Congressional Redistricting
Campaign Spending and Incumbency
The Vanishing Marginals, 1824-1980
Does the Creation of Majority Black Districts Aid Republicans? An Analysis of the 1992 Congressional Elections in Eight Southern States
The Electoral Fortunes of Gubernatorial Incumbents
It’s Nothing Personal
Gekommen, um zu bleiben – der Amtsinhaberbonus bei kantonalen Exekutivwahlen
Testing the Basis of Incumbency Advantage
A Comparative Analysis of Redistricting Institutions in the United States, 2001-02
Do Term Limits Affect Legislative Roll Call Voting? Representation, Polarization, and Participation
Loosened Partisan Attachments and Receptivity to Incumbent Behaviors
Competing Criteria
A New Kind of Balancing Act
The Partisan Component to the Incumbency Advantage
Incumbent and Challenger Campaign Spending Effects in Proportional Electoral Systems
Parties and Partisanship
Competitiveness in house and senate elections with identical constituencies
Risk Attitudes and the Incumbency Advantage
Electoral Redistricting and Endogenous Partisan Control
Using Geographic Information Systems to Measure District Change, 2000–2002
Bringing Converse Back In
The Relationship between Seats and Votes in Multiparty Systems
David and Goliath in the poll booth
Using Term Limits to Estimate Incumbency Advantages When Officeholders Retire Strategically
Measuring Partisan Bias in Single‐Member District Electoral Systems
The influence of strategic retirement on the incumbency advantage in US House elections
Il Governo Diviso Negli Stati Uniti
Re-election
Partisan Gerrymandering and Political Science
The Geographic Distribution of Political Preferences
The Campaign Value of Incumbency
Split Party Control of Congress, 1981-86
Using Multimember District Elections to Estimate the Sources of the Incumbency Advantage
Some Problems in Studying the Effects of Resource Allocation in Congressional Elections
Representation through Legislative Redistricting
The Incumbency Effect in Congressional Elections
The Effect of Majority-Minority Mandates on Partisan Gerrymandering
Ideological Signaling and Incumbency Advantage
Gerrymandering in Electoral Autocracies
The Vanishing Marginals and Electoral Responsiveness
Constituency Service and Incumbency Advantage
| Unique citing works | 127 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,4 |
| Citation span | 1973 - 2026 (54) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 126 |