Multiple entrepreneurial ecosystems? Worker cooperative development in Toronto and Montréal

Bibliographic Data

ID4143571
AuthorsJason Spicer (0000-0003-3286-8034, Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Canada, corresponding author), Michelle Zhong (Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Canada)
Year2022
Volume54
Issue4
Pages611-633
Publication date2022-06-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEnvironment and Planning A Economy and Space (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0308-518X • E-ISSN: 1472-3409
PublisherSAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1177/0308518x211063216
OpenAlexW4206796363
LanguageFR
Citations received6
References cited54

The emergence in practice of worker cooperative ecosystems, which draws on the entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) concept, has been largely ignored in academic research. Contrasting worker cooperative development efforts in Toronto with Montréal, we affirm there are multiple and multiscalar EEs in each region, including both a dominant capitalist and a worker cooperative EE. Productive enterprises like worker cooperatives, operating with a different logic than investor-owned firms, not only construct their own EE, but the relational connectedness of the worker cooperative EE to other EEs also plays a role in outcomes. Worker cooperatives have been less successful in navigating these dynamics in Toronto than in Montréal. Future research might seek to more fully specify the relational and multiscalar configuration of regions' multiple EEs

Biology · Business · Ecosystem · Industrial organization · Social connectedness · Computer Science · Cooperative Studies and Economics · Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences · Psychology · Social Psychology · Social Sciences and Governance · Ecology · Marketing

Tools

Open DOIOpen Access