The Application of 4E Cognition to Counseling and the Intersectional Experiences of Black Individuals With Disabilities

Bibliographic Data

ID4455086
AuthorsAdam Albright (0009-0001-0460-5424, Department of Counseling and Human Services Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia USA), Aaron Albright (Old Dominion University), Clarence K Bumpas (0009-0001-0554-5953, Department of Counseling and Human Services Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia USA), Jeff Moe (0000-0002-5586-3415, Department of Counseling and Human Services Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia USA)
Year2025
Volume53
Issue3
Pages143-151
Publication date2025-07-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Multicultural Counseling and Development (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0883-8534 • E-ISSN: 2161-1912
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1002/jmcd.12326
OpenAlexW4411005354
LanguageEN
Citations received1
References cited34

Black Americans with disabilities experience a range of inequities including barriers to access, social stigmatization, and health outcomes that are greater than both their White and their nondisabled peers. This conceptual article explains in detail these inequities. The authors provide an overview of the existing models of disability used in counseling, healthcare, research, and educational settings, as well as a rationale for why they are limited. The authors then suggest a 4E cognitive framework rooted in cognitive sciences, philosophy of mind, and neuroscience. The authors explain why a 4E cognitive framework may be better suited than existing models to conceptualize the experiences of Black Americans with disabilities. Finally, the authors provide implications of the usage of this model for counseling, counseling research, and counseling education

Cognition · Cognitive disabilities · Developmental psychology · Psychiatry · Behavioral and Psychological Studies · Clinical Psychology · Psychology

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Open DOIOpen Access