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Inequitable representation of Black boys in gifted and talented education, Advanced Placement, and special education

Bibliographic Data

ID4454839
AuthorsDonna Y Ford (0000-0002-5853-7463, Department of Educational Studies The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA), Erik M Hines (0000-0002-6025-0779, Division of Child, Family and Community Engagement George Mason University Fairfax Virginia USA), Tanya J Middleton (0000-0003-0815-4293, Department of Educational Studies The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA), James L Moore (0000-0003-0254-8566, Department of Educational Studies The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA)
Year2023
Volume51
Issue4
Pages304-314
Publication date2023-10-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Multicultural Counseling and Development (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0883-8534 • E-ISSN: 2161-1912
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1002/jmcd.12283
OpenAlexW4386050726
LanguageEN
Citations received9
References cited20

Black boys are overrepresented in special education (SPED) and underrepresented in gifted and talented education, Advanced Placement, and other opportunities for advanced learners. Conversely, they are overrepresented in SPED. In this article, we address the vicious cycle of deficit thinking and intelligence test inequities-the consequences and impact on Black males. The impact of high-stakes testing and racial prejudice and discrimination is stark. We present an equity formula to guide readers in all roles in setting quantifiable equity goals. Recommendations are provided

Educational Equity · Equity (law · Gender equity · Gifted education · Medical education · Pedagogy · Political science · Prejudice (legal term · Race (biology · Racial bias · Sociology · Special education · Test (biology · Underrepresented Minority · Early Childhood Education and Development · Education, Achievement, and Giftedness · Gender Studies · Medicine · Parental Involvement in Education · Psychology · Social Psychology

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Unique citing works9
Citations per year9
Citation span2025 - 2026 (2)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 9

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