Contingencies of Self-Worth in College Students
Theory and Measurement
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6203602 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Jennifer Crocker (0000-0002-6590-4647, University of Michigan), Riia Luhtanen (University of Michigan), Riia K Luhtanen, M Lynne Cooper (0000-0001-8976-7563), Myra Cooper, Alexandra Bouvrette (University of Michigan) |
| Year | 2003 |
| Volume | 85 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 894-908 |
| Publication date | 2003-11-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.894 |
| PMID | 14599252 |
| OpenAlex | W1993403980 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 311 |
| References cited | 78 |
The Contingencies of Self-Worth Scale assesses 7 sources of self-esteem in college students: academics, appearance, approval from others, competition, family support, God's love, and virtue. In confirmatory factor analyses on data from 1,418 college students, a 7-factor model fit to the data acceptably well and significantly better than several plausible alternative models. The subscales all have high internal consistency, test-retest reliability, are distinct from other personality measures, and have a simplex structure arrayed on a continuum from external to internal sources of self-esteem. Contingencies of self-worth assessed prior to college predicted how students spent their time during their 1st year of college
Big Five personality traits · Confirmatory factor analysis · Developmental psychology · Internal consistency · Personality · Psychometrics · Reliability (semiconductor) · Scale (ratio) · Self worth · Self-concept · Self-esteem · Statistics · Structural equation modeling · Test (biology) · Test validity · Personality Traits and Psychology · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
The psychological experience of the self in self-focused (versus God-focused) spirituality
Contingencies of self-worth across adulthood
Attachment and Adolescent Offending
The impact of cosmetic surgery advertising on women’s body image and attitudes towards cosmetic surgery
Ethnicity and body consciousness
The effect of cosmetic surgery reality tv shows on adolescent girls’ body image
How photo editing in social media shapes self-perceived attractiveness and self-esteem via self-objectification and physical appearance comparisons
Striving for Success and Being Seen as Virtuous
Sex Differences in Physical Attractiveness Investments
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Performance-based Self-esteem in a Population-based Cohort of Swedish Twins
Valence focus and self-esteem lability
Proud Americans and lucky Japanese
Academic stress and positive affect
Globalization and the Identity Remix Among U rban Adolescents in I ndia
Empowering Sustainability
Body Image and Body Change Strategies Within Friendship Dyads and Groups
Self-esteem and body image in females
Object of desire or object of distress? Psychosocial functioning among securely and insecurely attached Indian young adults
The best little kid in the world
The Costs of Seeking Self–Esteem
Top down or bottom up? Evidence from the longitudinal development of global and domain-specific self-esteem in adulthood
Significant others and contingencies of self-worth
Relationship-contingent self-esteem and the ups and downs of romantic relationships
Refining the vulnerability model of low self-esteem and depression
Presenting Different Selves to Different People
Adolescents’ body image trajectories
Moral identity as moral ideal self
Empoderamiento o Subyugación de la Mujer? Experiencias de Cosificación Sexual Interpersonal
Self Processes in Adolescent Depression
The Measurement, Nomological Net, and Theory of Perceived Self-Esteem Instability
Self and Identity
Self-Esteem
Sex-Specific Link Between Self-Esteem and Mate Value
Target Article
The fatiguing effects of camera use in virtual meetings
Personal or interpersonal construal of happiness
Empowering or Oppressing? Development and Exploration of the Enjoyment of Sexualization Scale
Basic psychological need theory
Beware of your teaching style
Self‐Compassion, Self‐Esteem, and Well‐Being
The Sources of Four Commonly Reported Cutoff Criteria
Self-Compassion and Body Dissatisfaction in Women
On Passion for Life Activities
Self-Compassion
Doing Gender in the Bedroom
Cultural Prototypes and Dimensions of Honor
Body dissatisfaction and adolescent self-esteem
Assessing Three Sources of Misresponse to Reversed Likert Items
Untangling the Links between Narcissism and Self‐esteem
Contingencies of Self-Worth
Self-Objectification and Well-Being in Women's Daily Lives
Ostracism, Self-Esteem, and Job Performance
Whatever It Takes to Win
A Pilot Study and Randomized Controlled Trial of the Mindful Self‐Compassion Program
Too Much of a Good Thing
The Light vs. Dark Triad of Personality
“Look who is laughing now”
Phronesis
Self-esteem and Coping Strategies among Deaf Students
The Switch to Daylight Saving Time and the Perceived Inappropriateness of Norm Violations
Are Contingencies of Self-Worth Associated with Body Image in Indian and British Women
Gender and Cultural Differences in the Relationships between Self-Esteem Contingency, Body Talk, and Body Esteem
Parental rearing styles and adolescent self-esteem
Contingency as a Moderator of the Effect of Domain Self-Esteem on Global Self-Esteem
Body Composition and Its Perception among Professional Female Volleyball Players and Fitness Athletes (Silesia, Poland)
Longitudinal Associations Between Competition Contingent Self-Worth and Materialistic Values Among Chinese College Students
Drink (Socially) and Be Merry
Grandiose Fantasies and Low Self-Esteem
Body Dissatisfaction and Mental Health Outcomes Among Korean College Students
The Relationships among Self-Worth Contingency on Others’ Approval, Appearance Comparisons on Facebook, and Adolescent Girls’ Body Esteem
How over-parenting impedes individual career exploration
Association between self-worth and health promotion behaviors among older adults living in the community
Good Character at College
Ethnically based rejection sensitivity and academic achievement
Influence of Body Dissatisfaction on the Self-Esteem of Brazilian Adolescents
Systematic review of the academic entitlement scale
Vulnerability to appearance-based social media use and preoccupation
“Ur a freakin goddess!”
“We're not worth it”
The effects of gender, age and region on rural teachers’ professional honor
The relationship between self-compassion and self-worth in patients with traumatic brain injury
Profile Membership of Self-Worth Contingencies Predicts Well-being, Virtues, and Values
The Development of the Positive Emotion Assessment of Contentment Experience (Peace) Scale
Daily Stress, Drinking Motives and Alcohol Co-Use with Other Drugs
Self-Esteem and Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs among College Students
Exploring why leaders do what they do
Compliments on skin tone hamper cognitive performance of Chinese adolescent girls with stronger appearance contingent self-worth
Appraisal self-respect
A comprehensive analysis of the psychometric properties of the contingencies of self-worth scale (CSWS)
Riding the self-esteem roller coaster
Revisiting Kernis’ contingent self-esteem scale
Self-critical perfectionism and sleep disturbance
“Barbie is a doctor, a lawyer, and so much more than that!”
Does physical appearance perfectionism predict disordered dieting
Silenced & Marginalized
Social Justice Implications for Development Communication
My child and I
Adolescents’ online appearance preoccupation
Shining a Light on Racial Privilege
What makes people more polarized? The effects of anonymity, being with like-minded others, and the moderating role of need for approval
The self-concept
Structural Equation Modeling with Lisrel
Mathematical thinking in the social sciences.
Advances In Experimental Social Psychology
The principles of psychology.
On the Self-Regulation of Behavior
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
Psychology
The nature and function of self-esteem
Hopes Dashed and Dreams Fulfilled
Target Article
Narcissism, Self-Esteem, and the Positivity of Self-Views
Action, Emotion, and Personality
A Terror Management Theory of Social Behavior
A practical and theoretical guide to measurement invariance in aging research
Relation of threatened egotism to violence and aggression
Contingencies of self-worth.
Human Autonomy
Approach and avoidance motivation and achievement goals
Religiousness and mental health reconsidered
Narcissism, Self-Knowledge Organization, and Emotional Reactivity
Religiousness, Race, and Psychological Well-Being
Coping with Stigma through Psychological Disengagement
Human Nature and the Social Order
Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations
Testing Structural Equation Models
Prejudice
The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior
Attachment and Loss. Vol. 1. Attachment
Coping with Negative Stereotypes about Intellectual Performance
A Collective Self-Esteem Scale
Some Cautions Concerning The Application Of Causal Modeling Methods
Contingencies of Self-Worth
Contingencies of self-worth
Objectification Theory
Gender Differences in Sources of Self-Esteem
Conformity to sex-typed norms, affect, and the self-concept
Self-investment and self-esteem
Models of the self and other
Academics, Self-Esteem, and Race
Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures
The "What" and "Why" of Goal Pursuits
Human Nature and the Social Order
Influence of individual and group identity salience in the global self-esteem of youth
When Grades Determine Self-Worth
Global self-esteem
Threatened egotism, narcissism, self-esteem, and direct and displaced aggression
Relations between global and specific domains of self
Gender and self-esteem
A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity
From self-conceptions to self-worth
Perceived locus of causality and internalization
A threat in the air
Global Self-Esteem and Specific Self-Esteem
Symbolic interactionist view of self-concept
Models of the self
Self-regulatory perseveration and the depressive self-focusing style
Avoidance of Intimacy
A General Attribution Theory for the Psychology of Religion
Religion, Race and Psychological Well-Being
Trait Anxiety and Intrinsic-Extrinsic Religiousness
God Image as a Function of Self-Esteem and Locus of Control
Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit
| Unique citing works | 311 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 11,96 |
| Citation span | 2000 - 2026 (27) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 284 |