Institutionalization, Policy Adaptation and European Foreign Policy Cooperation
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 7770943 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Michael E Smith (0000-0002-0677-8206, Georgia State University, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2004 |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 95-136 |
| Publication date | 2004-03-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | European Journal of International Relations (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1354-0661 • E-ISSN: 1460-3713 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/1354066104040570 |
| OpenAlex | W2169724396 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 38 |
| References cited | 87 |
The expansion of European Union (EU) foreign policy cooperation since 1970 presents a number of puzzles for theorists of regional integration and International Relations. It is not directed by supranational organizations, does not involve bargaining over policy alternatives, and is not dominated by the largest EU states. Nor do the EU’s common foreign policy decisions reflect ‘lowest common denominator’ preferences. Instead, cooperation has been achieved through decentralized institutional mechanisms, involving processes associated with both intergovernmental and social constructivist theories. This article first explains how changes in institutional context — in terms of intergovernmental, transgovernmental and supranational procedures — affect the propensity for cooperation. It then links processes of institutionalization to an expansion of foreign policy cooperation among EU member states. Finally, it explores three policy areas (the Middle East, South Africa and nuclear non-proliferation) where EU states have adjusted their national foreign policies in line with EU foreign policy norms
Economic system · Economics · European union · Foreign policy · Institutionalisation · International trade · Political economy · Political science · Politics · European Union Policy and Governance · Global Peace and Security Dynamics · International Relations and Foreign Policy · Law
Remaking Global Order
Nato's About-Face
The Belt-and-Road Initiative as a paradigm change for European Union-China security cooperation? The case of Central Asia
Does CFSP co-ordination foster convergence? Voting behavior on nuclear weapons at the UN General Assembly
Populism meets EU Foreign policy
Trick and treat
Dimensions and Mechanisms of the Europeanization of Member State Foreign Policy
Taking Flight or Crashing Down? European Common Foreign Policy and International Crises
Crisis windows and reversible empowerment in the EU’s common foreign and security policy
International Relations Theory and the Rise of European Foreign and Security Policy
Renaissance of realism, a new stage of Europeanization, or both? Estonia, Finland and EU foreign policy
Analysing the Links between National Capitals and Brussels in EU Foreign Policy
Too Limited, Too Late
Theory of European integration as a challenge to IR theories
The Limits of Normative Power Europe in Asia
Diplomats as Skilful Bricoleurs of the Digital Age
Europeanization of Foreign Policy
The State of the Art in the EU Democracy Promotion Literature
The Link between National Foreign Policy and the Performance of a Country in the European Union
Short-term readiness, long-term innovation
Values, identity and ideational shocks in the transatlantic rift
EU Policy on Iraq
Competing visions for the EU’s southern strategy
The politicisation of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) in the British domestic debate on Brexit
Fraternal foreign policy transfer? Evaluating the case of Australian Labor and British Labour
Researching European Foreign Policy
Contested but Resilient
The Myths of Turkish Influence in the European Union
European Union Actorness in International Institutions
(Not) in the Hands of the Member States
From the 2014 Annexation of Crimea to the 2022 Russian War on Ukraine
International Institutions and Socialization in Europe
Who Calls for a Common EU Foreign Policy
Formal Theory and Case-Study Methods in EU Studies
Market imperative meets normative power
Leadership in Asean
Understanding the Middle East Peace Process
Influence and Legitimacy in African Regional Parliamentary Assemblies
The European Community and the challenge of the future
The foreign policies of European Union member states
A common foreign policy for Europe?
Policy-making in the European communities
European Political Co-operation
National Interests in International Society
The Institutionalization of Europe
European Integration and Supranational Governance
The culture of national security
After Hegemony
The halse Promise of International Institutions
Historical institutionalism in comparative politics
Less than Supranational, More than Intergovernmental
The False Promise of International Institutions
The Promise of Constructivism in International Relations Theory
Europe's Uncommon Foreign Policy
Europe's Uncommon Foreign Policy
Explaining Euro-Paralysis
National Foreign Policies and European Political Cooperation
Wide-awake diplomacy
Conforming to Europe
The Euro‐arab Dialogue
Membership Matters
Towards a Common European Foreign and Security Policy
Preferences and Power in the European Community
The European Community's Voting Behaviour at the United Nations General Assembly
International Integration
The Community Trap
The European Union and International Outcomes
What Single Voice? European Institutions and EU–U.S. Trade Negotiations
National identity and the idea of European unity
Diplomatic Trends in the European Community
Twelve tongues, one voice
The European Challenge to Foreign Policy Analysis
When Effect Becomes Cause
The Constructive Turn in International Relations Theory
"The Science of "Muddling Through
The Eec and Decolonization
The Eec in the United Nations
Ireland
Europe and the Falkland Islands Crisis 1982
Diplomacy by Decree
European Political Co‐operation and the United States
The Evolution of International Norms
What's at stake in the agent-structure debate
Why are some international agreements informal
Territoriality and beyond
Three Neo-Functional Hypotheses About International Integration
The agent-structure problem in international relations theory
Let's Argue
Anarchy and identity
Foreign Policy‐Making
Constructing International Politics
Collective Identity Formation and the International State
Developing the Common Foreign and Security Policy
Culture and Preferences in the International Cooperation Two-Step
Political Co-Operation
European Community
A Model of Muddling Through
Relative Gains and the Pattern of International Cooperation
| Unique citing works | 38 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,81 |
| Citation span | 2005 - 2026 (22) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 38 |