Cultural Identity and the Academic, Social, and Psychological Adjustment of Adolescents with Immigration Background

Bibliographic Data

ID8079909
AuthorsJürgen Baumert (0000-0001-9839-9395, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, corresponding author), Michael Becker (0000-0002-7983-6382, TU Dortmund University), Malte Jansen (0000-0001-7081-6505, Institut für Qualität im Management (Germany)), Olaf Köller (0000-0001-5652-8101, Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education)
Year2023
Volume53
Issue2
Pages294-315
Publication date2023-09-16
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Youth and Adolescence (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0047-2891 • E-ISSN: 1573-6601
PublisherSpringer Science+Business Media (PUBLISHER • DE)
DOI10.1007/s10964-023-01853-z
PMID37715861
OpenAlexW4386800984
LanguageEN
Citations received21
References cited77

As Western societies become more ethnically and culturally diverse, understanding the acculturation of immigrant youth is essential for fostering social cohesion. How the cultural identity formation of ethnic minority adolescents relates to their academic, social, and psychological adjustment is an important and as yet unresolved research question. This study examined to what extent identifying with the heritage and/or host culture is an individual resource or risk factor for the adjustment of immigrant youth in Germany. A random sample of 15–17-year-olds ( N = 1992; M age_w1 = 15.3 years, SD = 0.64; 44.5% girls; 44.7% students with immigrant background) was assessed twice: at the end of 9th and 10th grade. Academic performance and three dimensions of social/psychological adjustment (school attachment, self-esteem, and life satisfaction) were examined. Results showed that biculturalism was the modal identification pattern. Contrary to expectations, cultural identification did not differ systematically with perceived distance from the majority culture. Multivariate structural equation modeling revealed that both heritage and host identification can be developmental resources, but that their effects are dependent on the dimension of adjustment; biculturalism only proved to be a cumulative resource for school attachment. The domain specificity of the findings challenges the generalization claims of predominant acculturation theories

Acculturation · Biculturalism · Cultural identity · Developmental psychology · Ethnic group · Immigration · Social group · Social identity theory · Sociology · Structural equation modeling · Migration, Health and Trauma · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social Psychology

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Open DOIOpen Access