Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS) Scores
Stability and Relationships With Psychological Adjustment
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8092407 |
|---|---|
| Authors | F C Worrell (0000-0002-7122-527X, corresponding author), Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton (0000-0002-7965-7309), James Telesford, Crystal Simmons, Justin F Martins, Justin F Martin |
| Year | 2011 |
| Volume | 93 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 637-648 |
| Publication date | 2011-10-14 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality Assessment (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3891 • E-ISSN: 1532-7752 |
| Publisher | Taylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/00223891.2011.608762 |
| PMID | 21999387 |
| OpenAlex | W2016188493 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 16 |
| References cited | 62 |
We examined the structural validity, internal consistency (alpha and omega), and test-retest reliability of scores on the Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS; Vandiver et al., 2000 ; Worrell, Vandiver, & Cross, 2004 ), as well as the relationship between CRIS scores and several variables related to psychological adjustment. Participants consisted of several groups of African American college students (34 ≤ n ≤ 340) attending a predominantly White university in a Western state. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated an acceptable fit of the data to the theoretical model, and alpha and omega coefficients indicate that CRIS scores have moderate to high internal consistency. CRIS scores also demonstrated stability over periods between 2 and 20 months in ranges that suggest long-term stability of racial attitudes. As predicted by the expanded nigrescence model (Cross & Vandiver, 2001 ), only self-hatred attitudes had consistent, meaningful relationships with psychological adjustment
Confirmatory factor analysis · Identity (music · Internal consistency · Psychometrics · Scale (ratio · Self-acceptance · Structural equation modeling · Critical Race Theory in Education · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Clinical Psychology · Social Psychology
Psychometric Properties of Cross Ethnic-Racial Identity Scale-Adult (Ceris-A) Scores
Assessing Nigrescence Beyond the United States
Racial Identity Clusters and Their Relation to Postpartum Maternal Functioning in Black Women
Racial Identity and Mindfulness as Predictors of Posttraumatic Growth in Black Adults Experiencing Race-Based Trauma
Clusters of CRIS scores and psychological adjustment
Sociopolitical development and social identities
An Analysis of Cross Racial Identity Scale Scores Using Classical Test Theory and Rasch Item Response Models
An initial framework for the study of internalized racism and health
Reframing Internalized Racial Oppression and Charting a way Forward
Ethnoracial Attitudes and Identity-Salient Experiences Among Indigenous Mexican Adolescents and Emerging Adults
Incorporating a Race Salience Subscale Into the Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS)
A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Internalized Racial Oppression and Health-Related Outcomes
Revisiting the conceptualization and measurement of ethnic-racial identity affect
The Effects of Stigma Priming on Forensic Screening in African American Youth
Empirically Derived Racial Ideologies Among Black Americans
Am I My Sister's Keeper? Linking Domestic Violence Attitudes to Black Racial Identity
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
The influence of Black students' racial identity attitudes on preferences for counselor's race.
The hierarchy of consistency
Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis
Fit indices in covariance structure modeling
In Search of Golden Rules
Measurement and Control of Response Bias
Human groups and social categories
An Item-Level Examination of the Factorial Validity of NEO Five-Factor Inventory Scores
A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS) Scores
Understanding Cultural Identity in Intervention and Assessment
The Development and Consequences of Stereotype Consciousness in Middle Childhood
(Re)Examining Racial Identity Attitude Differences Across Gender, Community Type, and Socioeconomic Status Among African American College Students
The Relationship Between Racial and Ethnic Identity in Black Adolescents
The rank-order consistency of personality traits from childhood to old age
Parents' ethnic-racial socialization practices
Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests
Racial and ethnic identity
A Psychometric Investigation of the Black Racial Identity Attitude Scale-Form B
Introduction to the special section on racial and ethnic identity in counseling psychology
Testing Cross's revised racial identity model
Testing the Construct Validity of Scores on the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity
Generalizing Nigrescence Profiles
Examining African Self-Consciousness and Black Racial Identity as Predictors of Black Men's Psychological Well-Being
Some better practices for measuring racial and ethnic identity constructs
Construct validity and reliability of the White Racial Identity Attitude Scale (WRIAS)
Measuring nigrescence attitudes in school‐aged adolescents ☆
Critical issues in the measurement of ethnic and racial identity
Psychometric Analysis of the Racial Identity Attitude Scale—Long Form
Validity and construct contamination of the Racial Identity Attitude Scale—Long Form
A measure of racial identity in African American adolescents
Validating the Cross Racial Identity Scale
The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure
Comparative fit indexes in structural models
Two-component models of socially desirable responding
Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity
Collective Identity and the Burden of "Acting White" in Black History, Community, and Education
Multidimensional Model of Racial Identity
Nigrescence Theory
Cross's Nigrescence Model
The Reliability and Validity of Big Five Inventory Scores With African American College Students
African Self-Consciousness, Misorientation Behavior, and a Self-Destructive Disorder
Validation of an Adjective Q-Sort as a Measure of the Big Five Personality Structure
Black Racial Identity Attitudes and Stages of the Life Span
Assessing the Reliability, Factor Structure, and Validity of the African Self-Consciousness Scale in a General Population of African Americans
The Relationship of Demographic and Background Factors to Racial Identity Attitudes
Measures of Racial Identity
Examining the Relation Between Racial Identity Attitude Clusters and Psychological Health Outcomes in African American College Students
Nigrescence Attitudes in Adolescence, Emerging Adulthood, and Adulthood
The Role of Racial Identity, Academic Self-Concept, and Self-Esteem in the Prediction of Academic Outcomes for African American Students
Reliability and Structural Validity of Cross Racial Identity Scale Scores in a Sample of African American Adults
Content Analysis of the Journal of Black Psychology (1985-1999)
Field Theory and Experiment in Social Psychology
| Unique citing works | 16 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,14 |
| Citation span | 2012 - 2025 (14) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 16 |