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An Ethnographic Account of Educational Landscape in Pakistan

Myths, Trends, and Commitments

Bibliographic Data

ID8221426
AuthorsMuhammad Bilal (0000-0001-5388-3183, Fatima Jinnah Women University, corresponding author)
Year2019
Volume56
Issue4
Pages1524-1551
Publication date2019-08-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Educational Research Journal (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0002-8312 • E-ISSN: 1935-1011
PublisherAmerican Educational Research Association (AERA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.3102/0002831218822066
OpenAlexW2906878999
LanguageEN
Citations received3
References cited15

Education in Pakistan is no longer a matter of indifference to the rest of the world. Typically, concern is focused on the role played by the madrasah (Islamic religious school; plural madaaris) as the dominant provider of education. The rise in the number of English-medium education institutions countrywide does not enter such accounts. This ethnographic study relates this topic to the pedagogic aspirations of Pakistanis asking, What is the role of English-medium schools in Pakistan and is it even the case that the majority of Pakistanis are markedly in favor of a predominantly religious education for their children? The study suggests that formal English-medium education is most parents’ real-world priority, fluency in English being a prerequisite for higher paying jobs in Pakistan

Ethnography · Fluency · Formal education · Geography · Islam · Linguistics · Mathematics education · Medium of instruction · Mythology · Pedagogy · Plural · Religious education · Sociology · Anthropology · Global Educational Policies and Reforms · Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities · History · Multilingual Education and Policy · Psychology

  • Sashaying Across Party Lines

    Open Access•Heidi Cian•Review of Research in Education•2021

  • Problematising school classifications in Pakistan

    Saulat Pervez•International Journal of…•2024

  • Guns better than education

    Open Access•N Malik•Journal of Education Policy•2025

  • The rise of colleges

    George Makdisi•The rise of colleges•1981

  • The Rise of Humanism in Classical Islam and the Christian West

    George Makdisi•Rise of Humanism in Classical…•1990

  • Between a rock and a hard place

    Shailaja Fennell, Rabea Malik•Comparative Education•2012

  • An analytical review of Pakistan's educational policies and plans

    Muhammad Ahsan•Research Papers in Education•2003

  • English-Teaching Institutions in Pakistan

    Tariq Rahman•Journal of Multilingual and…•2001

  • Pakistan

    Open Access•Salim Mansur Khalid, Marina Khan et al.•The Muslim World•2006

  • Using thematic analysis in psychology

    Open Access•Braun, Virginia Braun et al.•Qualitative Research in Psychology•2006

  • The Issue of Private Tuition

    Open Access•A Raffick Foondun•International Review of Education•2002

  • The Effect of Gender Differences in Primary School Access, Type, and Quality on the Decision to Enroll in Rural Pakistan

    Cynthia B Lloyd, Cem Mete et al.•Economic Development and Cultural…•2005

  • Understanding Madrasahs

    Alexander Evans•Foreign Affairs•2006

Unique citing works3
Citations per year0.6
Citation span2021 - 2025 (5)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 3

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