Plantigrady and foot adaptation in African apes
Implications for hominid origins
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8313657 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Daniel L Gebo (Northern Illinois University, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1992 |
| Volume | 89 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 29-58 |
| Publication date | 1992-09-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Journal of Physical Anthropology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0002-9483 • E-ISSN: 1096-8644 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1002/ajpa.1330890105 |
| PMID | 1530061 |
| OpenAlex | W1997869330 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 74 |
| References cited | 62 |
In living primates, except the great apes and humans, the foot is placed in a heel‐elevated or semi‐plantigrade position when these animals move upon arboreal or terrestrial substrates. Heel placement and bone positions in the non‐great ape primate foot are designed to increase mobility and flexibility in the arboreal environment. Orangutans have further enhanced foot mobility by adapting their feet for suspension and thus similarly utilize foot positions where the heel does not touch the substrate. Chimpanzees and gorillas represent an alternative pattern (plantigrady), in which the heel contacts the surface of the support at the end of swing phase, especially during terrestrial locomotion. Thus, chimpanzees and gorillas possess feet adapted for both arboreal and terrestrial substrates. African apes also share several osteological features related to plantigrady and terrestrial locomotion with early hominids. From this analysis, it is apparent that hominid locomotor evolution passed through a quadrupedal terrestrial phase. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Adaptation (eye) · Arboreal locomotion · Biological evolution · Biology · Bipedalism · Evolutionary biology · Foot (prosody) · Gorilla · Heel · Hominidae · Primate · Quadrupedalism · Terrestrial locomotion · Anatomy · Ecology · Evolution and Paleontology Studies · Neuroscience · Paleontology · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology · Primate Behavior and Ecology
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Neanderthal’s heel
Three-dimensional orientations of talar articular surfaces in humans and great apes
Terrestrial Positional Behavior of Wild Pongo pygmaeus
The Digitigrade Hand and Terrestrial Adaptation in Japanese Macaques
Origin of Bipedal Locomotion
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The Lower Limb and Mechanics of Walking in Australopithecus sediba
Complete Fourth Metatarsal and Arches in the Foot of Australopithecus afarensis
The Foot and Ankle of Australopithecus sediba
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Recent Evolution of the Human Foot
The Origins of Bipedal Locomotion
The Origins of Bipedal Locomotion
Shoulder Morphology in Early Hominin Evolution
Estimating humeral torsion on incomplete fossil anthropoid humeri
New foot remains from the Gran Dolina-TD6 Early Pleistocene site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
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Anatomy applied to image diagnosis of the hind limb in the black‐striped capuchin ( Sapajus libidinosus Spix, 1823)
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Long bone articular and diaphyseal structure in old world monkeys and apes. I
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Dynamic plantar pressure distribution during terrestrial locomotion of bonobos ( Pan paniscus )
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Chimpanzee ankle and foot joint kinematics
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Segment and joint angles of hind limb during bipedal and quadrupedal walking of the bonobo ( Pan paniscus )
Heel contact as a function of substrate type and speed in primates
Kinematics of primate midfoot flexibility
Effects of ontogeny and sexual dimorphism on scapula morphology in the mountain gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla beringel )
Calcaneal shape variation in humans, nonhuman primates, and early hominins
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Calcaneal robusticity in Plio-Pleistocene hominins
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Morphometric analysis of the hominin talus
Morphological integration in the hominid midfoot
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Human talus bones from the Middle Pleistocene site of Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)
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Trabecular bone anisotropy and orientation in an Early Pleistocene hominin talus from East Turkana, Kenya
Metatarsal torsion in monkeys, apes, humans and australopiths
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A morphometric analysis of early Eocene Euprimate tarsals from Gujarat, India
Sex estimation from the calcaneus and talus using discriminant function analysis and its possible application in fossil remains
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Reevaluating the functional implications of Australopithecus afarensis navicular morphology
Mechanics of heel-strike plantigrady in African apes
A comparative study of the trabecular bony architecture of the talus in humans, non-human primates, and Australopithecus
Laetoli Pliocene hominid footprints and bipedalism
Pads and Claws in Arboreal Locomotion
Hindlimb dominance during primate high-speed locomotion
Evolution of the Human Foot
Knuckle-Walking and the Problem of Human Origins
Hunterian Lectures on Man's Posture
Functional Morphology of Homo habilis
Hominid Fossils from Bed I, Olduvai Gorge, Tanganyika
Evolution of hominid bipedalism and prehensile capabilities
Positional behavior of female bornean orangutans ( Pongo pygmaeus )
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Anatomy of the hominoid wrist joint
Functional articulation of some hominoid foot bones
Evolution of the human foot
Evolutionary aspects of primate locomotion
Human origin. Correlation of previous studies of primate feet and posture with other morphologic evidence
Evolution of the human foot II
The lorisiform wrist joint and the evolution of “brachiating” adaptations in the hominoidea
Pliocene hominid gait
Origin of bipedalism
Stresses on the limbs of quadrupedal primates
Electromyography of the gluteal muscles in Hylobates, Pongo , and pan
Chimpanzee and human feet in bipedal walking
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New first metatarsal (SKX 5017) from Swartkrans and the gait of Paranthropus robustus
Evolution of the human foot
Talocrural joint in African hominoids
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New australopithecines from East Rudolf, Kenya (II)
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The functional significance of skeletal allometry in Megaladapis in comparison to living prosimians
Kinematics of the cercopithecine foot on arboreal and terrestrial substrates with implications for the interpretation of hominid terrestrial adaptations
The calcaneus of Australopithecus afarensis and its implications for the evolution of bipedality
Darwin's Apes, Dental Apes, and the Descent of Man
Locomotor and phylogenetic considerations in anthropoid evolution
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Functional differences of three ligaments of the transverse tarsal joint in Hominoids
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The settlement of the longitudinal plantar arch of some African Plio-Pleistocene hominids
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| Unique citing works | 74 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,24 |
| Citation span | 1993 - 2026 (34) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 68 |